KLINGERexpert 6.0

®

The Powerful Sealing Calculation

www.klinger.co.at

The KLINGER®expert 6.0 gasket design program is a versatile software to assist users in the selection of non-metallic gasket materials.

Powerful Sealing CalculationKLINGER®expert 6.0

The KLINGER®expert 6.0 gasket design program is a versatile software to assist usersin the selection of non-metallicgasket materials.

The program uses industry standards which contain all information for the selection of a suitable gasket material.

KLINGER®expert 6.0 offers a lotof functions, e.g.:

� Identifcation of the best gasket material for specific applications

� Design of gasket assemblies

� Checks of chemical and temperature suitability

� Calculation of bolt torque requirements

� Graphic illustration of the scatter of various bolting-up methods

� Selection of required product approvals and certifcates

1.0 Starting of the programAfter starting the program an information appears. If this note isconfirmed with „Accept” a newwindow will open in which the following possibilities can be chosen:

1.1 FileOpenopens an existing calculation file

Savesaves the current calculation

1.2 PreferencesHere you can change the defaultvalues (i.e. language).

LanguageThe currently used language can be altered by selecting it via thepulldown menu.

Measuring unitsThe requested units (SI- or US-standard) can be chosen.

Standard valuesEnables a selection of the preferredor most common start-up require-ments such as bolt quality, bolt utilisation and gasket thickness.

1.3 Print-out of the calculationPrints the current gasket calcu-lation.

The calculation results as well assome additional information concer-ning the gasket materials and theflange connection will be printed.There is also the possibility to printan additional user-defined com-ment.

1.4 Reset calculationResets all input values (e.g. flange dimension, temperature,pressure etc.) of the current gasketcalculation.

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Flange selection2.0 Flange selectionFlangesKLINGER®expert 6.0 contains awide range of standard flanges acc. to DIN, EN, JIS and ANSI standards.

KLINGER®expert 6.0 can alsobe used to calculate user-definedflanges.

Gasket geometry – Gasket dimensionsWhen using standard flanges thegasket dimensions are fixed. Thedrawing shows the inner and outerdiameters of the gasket and also in-cludes the dimensions of the raisedface area where applicable.

At user-defined flanges the typeof gasket has to be chosen. Thefirst six options require the dimen-sions of the gasket, like inner andouter diameter, bolt hole size andlength and width for rectangulargaskets.

The final option „Complex dimension“ requires the area of the gasket to be entered for morecomplex shapes.

The calculation implies an evenallocation of the bolts.

The required areas are:stressed gasket area:Area of the gasket which will besubjected to compressive load.

total area:The total area is defined by theouter shape of the gasket.

The type of pressure loading can be selected under the point „internal pressure”.

Internal pressure:reduces gasket stress:This is the most common type ofapplication. The internal pressurehas the effect of reducing the gas-ket stress.

increases gasket stress:The option is sometimes requiredfor boiler man hole joints for whichthe lid of the flange is on the insideof the vessel. Therefore the internalpressure increases the gasketstress.

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KLINGER®expert 6.0

Calculation results3.0 Gasket calculation – The analysis screen

The analysis screen is split into a number of areas:

3.1 Service conditions3.2 Bolt characteristics3.3 Bolt force properties3.4 Bolting-up method3.5 Required approvals3.6 Flange dimensions3.7 Tightness3.8 Tightness acc. to DIN3.9 Gasket conditions3.10 Gasket material selection3.11 Gasket stress3.12 Info – selected gasket

KLINGER®expert 6.0

3.1 Service conditionsThe application temperature andpressure have to be put into the respective fields.

The aggregate state can be selected from the option box.

The medium can be chosenfrom the drop-down list. The speci-fication of the medium is the samefor both standard and non-standardflanges.

In many cases the chemical formula is shown automatically.

The concentration of the me-dium has also to be entered.

3.2 Bolt characteristicsThis area displays information con-cerning the bolts of the flange:

Number, size and type of boltThe number and size of the bolts isgiven when using standard flanges.

The type of bolt has to be selected.

For user-defined flanges thenumber, type and size of bolts haveto be chosen first.

Bolt qualityA wide range of bolt materials areavailable for selection.

0,2% Creep limitThe stress applied to the bolt material to attain a permanent deformation of 0,2 %.

This value depends on the selected material and cannot beedited. This value is used in the calculation of the percentage of boltyield.

FrictionThe friction coefficient is preset withthe value 0,14. It can be changed if necessary.

The lower the value the higherthe amount of energy transferredinto stretching the bolt and not „wasted” by friction in the thread.

TorqueThe level of torque currently calcu-lated.

3.3 Bolt force propertiesThe maximum bolt load is calcu-lated depending on the bolt mate-rial.

The maximum bolt load is redu-ced due to the selected bolt yield.

The total bolt force is the sum ofthe single bolt loads.

3.4 Bolting-up methodThe applied bolting-up method can also be selected in KLINGER®

expert 6.0.

There are 4 bolting-up methodsavailable:

Wrenchuncontrolled tightening by hand

Torque wrenchwith measuring of the torque

Hydraulic tensionermeasuring of the hydraulic pressure

Wrenchmeasuring of turn of nut

If one of the bolting-up methodsis selected, then the scatter of theselected bolting-up method will beshown in the graphical analysis ofthe gasket stress.

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3.5 Required approvals and certificatesIn this area of the analysis screenthe required approvals and certifi-cates can be selected (not manda-tory) for the current calculation.

Only gasket materials with thenecessary approvals will be sug-gested.

3.6 Flange dimensionsHere you find information regardingthe selected flange. For standardflanges nominal pressure and dia-meter are indicated.

For user-defined flanges a remark „user-defined flange” isshown.

It is always possible to changeto the window „flange selection”.There the currently selected gasketdimensions are stated.

3.7 TightnessThis value indicates the effectivetightness for the reference mediumnitrogen, based on the effective surface pressure.

That means, under the given application details (bolt forces, inter-nal pressure, gasket dimensions,temperature) the flange connectionwould show a corresponding tight-ness against the reference mediumnitrogen.

The tightness is calculated atroom temperature (λ20) and theoperating temperature (λT).

3.8 Tightness acc. to DINThe tightness is calculated in accor-dance with DIN 28090 and the currently selected tightness class(L= 0,01; L= 0,1; L=1,0).

KLINGER®expert 6.0 automa-tically defines a tightness classbased on the selected medium. The value is calculated for a gasketdimension 90 x 50 mm with the current internal pressure, materialand thickness.

3.9 Gasket conditionsGasket areasHere the stressed gasket area andthe total area are indicated.

Gasket thicknessThe thickness of the gasket materialhas to be chosen for the calcu-lation.

3.10 Gasket material selectionThe automatically selected as wellas all other gasket materials are indicated regarding their suitabilityfor the calculated application.

Every material is evaluated using a point system based on thecharacteristics of the single gasketmaterials.

KLINGER®expert 6.0 automa-tically selects the material with thehighest score.

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Calculation resultsKLINGER®expert 6.0

KLINGER®expert 6.0Calculation results3.11 Gasket stressThe primary information for checking the assembly is calculatedand displayed. The definitions of the terms are thefollowing:

Maximum surface pressure under operating conditions σBOThe maximum permissible surfacestress, given in N/mm2, refers to thegasket material and the stated ope-rating conditions. This value maynot be exceeded by the calculatedsurface pressure.

The maximum stress capabilityof a gasket is depending on a num-ber of factors such as temperature,material, thickness and with gra-phite materials in particular thewidth to thickness ratio.

A damage of the gasket materialis possible when the material is subjected to a load higher than its maximum.

Maximum surface pressure under installing conditionsσVOσVO amounts to the value of σBO atroom temperature. It is always equalto or larger than σBO and thereforedoes not represent an additional restrictive limitation in thecalculation of the gasket.

Minimum surface pressure under operating conditions σBU/LThe minimum surface pressureσBU/L is the surface pressure whichmust be applied on the effectivegasket area in the operating condi-tion to achieve the desired tightnessclass with the given medium, inter-nal pressure and temperature. Theactual surface pressure may not fallbelow this value in any case.

The higher the initial surfacestress the higher the ensurance toachieve the required tightnessunder operating conditions.

Minimum surface pressure under installing conditions σVU/LAt least this surface stress must bereached on the sealing area throughthe bolt forces during assembly toguarantee the tightness require-ments selected under the definedoperating conditions.

Due to further variables not covered by calculation, one has toensure that the actual installationstress lies above σVU/L. This applies especially for lower σVU/L values(<10 N/mm2).

σVU/L is a material specific in-dex and does not yet take accountof a possible higher necessary mini-mum installation surface pressurewhich will be required because ofthe relief of the gasket through theinternal pressure (cf. σEmin).

Minimum installing surface pressure σEminThe minimum installing surfacepressure σEmin is the surface pres-sure which should be reached withthe installation of the gasket. It ensures that adequate pressure/adaption of the gasket material isachieved (cf. σVU/L), and that possible dynamic changes of thesurface pressure through the inter-nal operating pressure are takeninto account (cf. ∆σp).

This surface pressure should bereached by the effective pressure inview of the necessary tightness. If this is not the case, meaning thatthe expected tightness is less thandesired, the installation surfacepressure can nevertheless still beadequate under certain circumstan-ces.

Take account of the „Tightness acc. to DIN”.

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Calculation resultsKLINGER®expert 6.0

Internal pressure loaded/relievedΔσpThis value represents the maximumpossible arithmetical reduction orraise of the gasket stress as the result of the operating pressure during operation by this value.

The inner pressure can raise (+)or lower (-) the surface pressure during operation.

Additional reduction of the instal-lation surface stress through the ac-tual operating conditions, e.g.decrease of the bolt forces due totemperature cannot be covered bythe calculation and therefore not be taken into conside-ration in this software.

The impact of the relaxation ofthe gasket under temperature andin consequence the reduction of theinitial surface pressure is taken intoaccount and indicated as σrelax.

Calculated surface stressσcalcThe surface stress indicated is determined by the calculation. It depends on the entire bolt loadwhich is made available and on thestressed gasket area.

The compressive load due to the bolts must be sufficient to com-press the material and also counter-act the release of load due to theinternal pressure. The torque of thebolts must be selected to ensurethe calculated gasket stress σcalcis higher than σEmin and lower thanσBO.

Typically the bolts should be torqued to equate to a utilisation figure of 60 – 80% (DIN), ensuringthe bolt operates within its elasticregion and will not be over-stressed.

Equal surface stress is requiredover the whole gasket. Using innerpressure loaded gaskets, the calcu-lated surface stress is determinedby the bolt forces and the innerpressure too.

This value is an approximatevalue, because there are some notconsiderable parameters whichhave an effect on it. Also we pre-sume that the bolts will be tightenup after applying the inner pressure.

You should pay attention that the bolts will not be overloaded,when decreasing the inner pressure.

Remaining surface stressσrelaxThis surface stress considers the relaxation (settling properties) of thegasket material under long-term impact of stress and temperature.

Therefore not the calculated surface pressure σcalc but the surface pressure reduced by the relaxation σrelax is applied on thegasket.σrelax values are determined for

temperatures ranging from 25°C to300°C, gasket thicknesses from 0,8 mm to 3 mm and surface pres-sures from 5 MPa to σBO.

Subject to technical alterations. Status: September 2015 trusted. worldwide. 07

Rich. Klinger Dichtungstechnik GmbH & Co KGAm Kanal 8-10

A-2352 Gumpoldskirchen, AustriaPhone +43 (0) 2252/62599-137

Fax +43 (0) 2252/62599-296e-mail: marketing@klinger.co.at

http://www.klinger.co.at