the reason briggs v. elliott the reason in the 1940s, things were very different in south carolina
TRANSCRIPT
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Briggs v. Elliott
The ReasonThe Reason
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In the 1940s,things were very
differentin
South Carolina.
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WHITE children went toA FEW
CONSOLIDATED SCHOOLS.
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BLACK children went to
MANY SMALLLOCAL SCHOOLS.
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Schools like Halley Town served black children.
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A “Colored” school used until 1941
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Spring Hill School for “Coloreds”
had two rooms.
It was maintained by Spring Hill
Church and the Masonic Lodge.
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Rosenwald School for “Colored” Children
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Liberty Hill School for “Colored”
Children
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Silver School for “Colored” Children
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Paxville School for “Colored” Children
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Scott’s Branch School for “Colored” Children
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Summerton Consolidated High Schoolfor White Children
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Many rural children lived a long distance
from their schools
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White rural children traveled to their
consolidated schools by bus.
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Early 1930s bus for white
children
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In 1945,there wasNO BUS
for “Colored” Children
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For some black children,the nearest school
with their grade was10 miles away!
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Mr. Levi Pearson was
unhappy that there was
NO BUS to take his children to
school
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Rev. J.A. De Laine was an
A.M.E. pastor.
He was Mr. Pearson’s
friend.
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In 1947, Mr. J.M. Hinton challenged:“No teacher or preacher in
South Carolina has the courage to get a plaintiff
to test the school bus transportation practices of
discrimination against Negro children.”
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Rev. De Laine took the challenge
andMr. Pearson agreed to be
the Plaintiff.
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Levi Pearson vs. Clarendon County and School District
No. 26became the First Legal Step toward
Briggs v. Elliott
A Lawsuit:
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Even with poor facilities
and no buses,
black children still went to school and achieved.
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7th Grade Graduates Liberty Hill School
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Liberty Hill Graduates and Teacher
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Scott’s Branch School 7th Grade Class 1940
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Briggs v. Elliott started as a
simple quest for equal access to education
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It grew to end in Better Educational
Opportunities for
all American children
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Briggs v. Elliott
The HeroesThe Heroes
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PLAINTIFFSPLAINTIFFS inin
Briggs v. ElliottBriggs v. Elliott
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HARRY BRIGGS
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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ANNIE GIBSON
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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MOSE OLIVER
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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BENNIE PARSON
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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EDWARD RAGIN
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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WILLIAM RAGIN
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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LUCRISHER RICHARDSON
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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LEE RICHARDSON
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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JAMES BENNETT
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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MARY OLIVER
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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WILLIAM STUKES
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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G. H. HENRY
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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ROBERT GEORGIA
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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REBECCA RICHBURG
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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GABRIEL TINDAL
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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SUSAN LAWSON
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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FREDERICK OLIVER
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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ONETHA BENNETT
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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HAZEL RAGIN
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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HENRY SCOTT
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffPlaintiff
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We Salute
20 HEROES20 HEROES
Briggs v. Elliott Briggs v. Elliott PlaintiffsPlaintiffs
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We also SaluteOther Martyrs
in Clarendon County’squest for equality
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Mr. James McKnight, who was not a plaintiff,
was murdered by racists
in front of his family
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Mr. “Bo” Stukes, a plaintiff, died while trying to continue working as an auto
repair mechanic after being fired.
A poorly secured car fell on him while he was working.
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Altered records denied
Mr. Reverdy Wells, Scott’s Branch
1949 class valedictorian,
the opportunity of higher education
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Before it was over, Rev. De Laine was
sued, shot at, homeless and listed as a fugitive from
South Carolina justice.
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Mrs. Mattie De Laine, helpmate ofRev. J.A. De Laine.
Her house burned while firemen
watched.
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Judge J. Waites Waringbecame a social
outcast.
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Judge Waringwould NOT hear
a lawsuit for “Separate But
Equal”
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Judge Waring,in a dissenting District Court opinion, said
BLACK SCHOOLS WERE NOT
EQUAL
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They say you already have “Separate But Equal”
schools.BUT
there is no such thing as “Separate But Equal”
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Briggs v. Elliott
Through Through The CourtsThe Courts
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First came the Pearson bus transportation
lawsuit
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Then came the first Briggs v. Elliott, suing
for “Separate But Equal”
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In 1951, there was the final Briggs v. Elliott,
suing for “desegregation”
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However, the judges did rule that school facilities must be
made MORE EQUAL
for black children
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Waring’s Dissenting Opinion
in a Nutshell:
You guys ought to be ashamed to call such
rot justice from a United States Court. “I want no part of it.”
The dissenting
Judge Waring
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South Carolina approved a
$75,000,000 bond to support
equalization of schools.
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At last, school buses were provided for black children
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A new building (top) equalized Scott’s Branch School and Summerton High (bottom)
Scott’s Branch
Summerton High
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Briggs v. Elliott was appealed to the
Supreme Court
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On January 28, 1952, Briggs v. Elliott
was returned to the District Court
for a report on equalization progress
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By the time Briggs v. Elliott got back to the Supreme Court
Brown v. Board of Educationwas there
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Briggs v. Elliott and three other cases
were argued along withBrown v. Board of
Education
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On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court ruled
In the field of public education, the doctrine of
“separate but equal” has no place.”
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In response to pleas about the time needed to integrate schools,
on May 31, 1955, the Court ruled
Admission to public schools on a non-discriminatory basis
must take place “with all deliberate speed.”
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Many civil rights battles were later fought, but the heroes of
Briggs v. Elliott had set the stage.America had promised to uphold
its guarantee of
LIBERTY AND JUSTICE FOR ALL.
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