the rise of democracy - perry localperrylocal.org/.../2011/09/ch-26-rise-of-democracy... · chap....

Chap. 26.126.5 Rise of Democracy 2011.notebook

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September 18, 2011

Chapter 26

The Rise of Democracy


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September 18, 2011

Chapter 26

The Rise of Democracy


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26.1• Last chapter we talked about the fact that mountains and seas isolated Greek communities.• As a result Greek communities developed separately


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Same language but felt they were in "different countries"

Called their hometown "the city"

settlement and surrounding farms


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PROUD of their "cities"*laws*army

*money

Each city had its own form of government!Called them: city-states

These city-states functioned as individual Countries;

Often would go to war against other Greek City States.


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Four forms of Government:

*monarchy

*oligarchy*tyranny

*democracy


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MONARCHY2000 - 800 B.C.E.

Most city-states ruled by monarch (king):In a monarchy the king has power to govern (no Queens had

power in Greece).

*At first the king selected by the people of city-state. Then when the king died, another leader was selected.

*Eventually though, Kings start to demand that power goes to their oldest son.


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-made laws-acted as judges

-conducted religious ceremonies-led army during war

-used soldiers to punish law breakers or people who didn't pay taxes!

King's POWERS:


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King selected a council of the "best" people

-wealthy men who inherited land

-no power at first

Aristocrats:(Greek word: "best")

But, Aristocrats could afford horses and armor during wars . . . helped King!


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"Hey! As a group, we're stonger than him!"

-Wanted to share his power!!

-King should be elected!-King can only rule a certain number of years!

-Hey, let's take power ourselves!!!!

Aristocrats said:

800 B.C.E. NO MORE KINGS!


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OLIGARCHY:800 B.C.E.

When the Aristocrats get power themselves, they form an oligarchy.

In an oligarchy the ruling power is in the hands of a few. Most city-states ruled by small group of wealthy men . . .

oligarchs.

*Aristocrats

*A few were Wealthy Merchants

(Oligarch is a Greek word that means "few")

MOST of the GROUP:

(wealthy men who inherited land)


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OLIGARCHS POOR

comfortable livesdays spent huntingevening on couches

drinking winechariot races

parties: slaves & hired people enteretained guests

with music, dance, and acrobatics

work all day in fields

"NOT FAIR!"


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Oligarchs IGNORED needs of people

*passed laws poor didn't like

*some passed laws forcing farmer to sell themselves into slavery if couldn't pay debts!

*laws protected and increased their own wealth; not laws that benefit the majority of the people

or Greece as a whole!!

*used army to force people to obey


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*Poor began to hate oligarchs!

*Leaders used soldiers and people to throw out the oligarchs!

*Poor turned to leaders (army) who "promised" to improve lives

Rich got Richer/Poor got Poorer!


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TYRANNY:600's B.C.E.

Power by FORCE!

tyrant: one person that forced themselves into power and isn't a lawful king . . .


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TYRANNY (Dictatorship):

Most were former military leaders who got support of their people by PROMISING them

more RIGHTS . . .

Took control by FORCE! Unlike a monarch a tyrant gets and keeps power using military force, not inherited.

-Many ruled well(made changes to help the poor)

(mean to aristocrats)Here's the deal - Tyrants can be good rulers but they don't have to be as long as they can force people to

obey them.


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TYRANNY:Some were not so nice:

Hippias (last tyrant of city-state Athens)nice

brother killedMEAN

He became UNBEARABLEForced to leave

Athens tries another form of GOVERNMENT . . .


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DEMOCRACY:All citizens share power

500 B.C.E. Athens"Rule by the People"

Citizens SHARE ruling power


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ATHENS:DIRECT DEMOCRACY:

EVERY citizen votes EVERY issue

Assembly (lawmaking group)ANY free man could speak in the Assembly and vote on a new law or proposal to go to

war


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Not all Greeks liked this:Powerful speakers persuaded

some to vote foolishly . . .• Sometimes, assembly would reverse poor

decisions after a few weeks!• Takes a lot of time for everyone to vote on

every issue -- in theory everyone can participate, but if you have to work. . .


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Most city-states returned to dictatorships and oligarchies ...

Idea of DEMOCRACY would become one of the GREAT

gifts of ancient Greece to the modern world!!!

HOWEVER:


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The Athenian democracy is not quite like our democracy.

We have a representative democracy -- we chose representatives to make laws

for us. Imagine if every citizen voted on every

law!!!!

the rise of democracy - perry localperrylocal.org/.../2011/09/ch-26-rise-of-democracy... · chap....

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