The Road to The Road to World War 1World War 1

Problems in the Balkans (1906 Problems in the Balkans (1906 – 1912)– 1912)

Many different ethnicities Many different ethnicities in the Balkansin the Balkans

Wars to get Ottoman Wars to get Ottoman Empire out of BalkansEmpire out of Balkans

Conflicts over land Conflicts over land disputesdisputes

Country borders do not Country borders do not take in Ethnic boundariestake in Ethnic boundaries

Serbia wants 1) economic Serbia wants 1) economic independence from A.H. 2) independence from A.H. 2) Greater Serbia NationGreater Serbia Nation

A.H. treats minority groups A.H. treats minority groups poorlypoorly

Franz FerdinandFranz Ferdinand Current leader of A.H. Current leader of A.H.

not sympathetic to not sympathetic to Serbia, Serbs in A.H Serbia, Serbs in A.H and Serbs in Bosnia.and Serbs in Bosnia.

His nephew, Franz His nephew, Franz Ferdinand in line for Ferdinand in line for the thrownthe thrown

Ferdinand wants to Ferdinand wants to give minorities more give minorities more say and autonomy, say and autonomy, but still under A.H. but still under A.H.

Sarajevo Crisis – Sarajevo Crisis – Assassination of Franz Assassination of Franz

FerdinandFerdinand June 28June 28thth, 1914, 1914 Franz Ferdinand and wife Franz Ferdinand and wife

Sophia visit Sarajevo in Sophia visit Sarajevo in effort to better the relations effort to better the relations with Bosnian Serbswith Bosnian Serbs

Serbian Nationalist group Serbian Nationalist group The Black HandThe Black Hand, wanted to , wanted to take this opportunity to take this opportunity to assassinate Franz assassinate Franz FerdinandFerdinand

19 yr old, Princip was 19 yr old, Princip was successful in assassinating successful in assassinating the archduke and his wife the archduke and his wife during an accidental wrong during an accidental wrong turn by Ferdinand’s driver.turn by Ferdinand’s driver.

July Crisis 1914July Crisis 1914

A.H. suspected Serbian government A.H. suspected Serbian government to be behind the assassinationto be behind the assassination

A.H. knowing war is looming looked A.H. knowing war is looming looked to get support from major ally, to get support from major ally, GermanyGermany

July Crisis, 1914July Crisis, 1914

Germany’s Blank CheckGermany’s Blank Check A.H. Prime Minister Berechtold meets the A.H. Prime Minister Berechtold meets the

Kaiser about backing A.H. in a potential Kaiser about backing A.H. in a potential war against Serbiawar against Serbia

Kaiser Wilhelm gives A.H. a Kaiser Wilhelm gives A.H. a “BLANK “BLANK CHECK”CHECK” on July 5 on July 5thth

Germany willing to risk warGermany willing to risk war now, because afraid after now, because afraid after 1916, Russia would be too 1916, Russia would be too strongstrong

Germany’s Blank CheckGermany’s Blank Check

Kaiser Wilhelm Prime Minister Berchtold

July Crisis, 1914July Crisis, 1914

A.H. Ultimatum to SerbiaA.H. Ultimatum to Serbia Sent an Ultimatum to Serbia on July 19Sent an Ultimatum to Serbia on July 19thth, ,

delivered July 23delivered July 23rdrd Serbs given 48 hours to respondSerbs given 48 hours to respond

WITH A PARTNER: Read Ultimatum, WITH A PARTNER: Read Ultimatum, answer:answer: 1) List the demands Austria has for Serbia1) List the demands Austria has for Serbia 2) Do you think Austria’s demands are just?2) Do you think Austria’s demands are just?

July Crisis, 1914July Crisis, 1914

A.H. Ultimatum to SerbiaA.H. Ultimatum to Serbia Sent an Ultimatum to Serbia on July 19Sent an Ultimatum to Serbia on July 19thth, ,

delivered July 23delivered July 23rdrd Serbs given 48 hours to respondSerbs given 48 hours to respond Austria demands a lot of SerbiaAustria demands a lot of Serbia Serbia agrees to ALL except 1 key Serbia agrees to ALL except 1 key

element:element: Serbia refused to allow the involvement of Serbia refused to allow the involvement of

A.H. in the investigation of the assassination A.H. in the investigation of the assassination within Serbiawithin Serbia

This threatened Serbia’s sovereigntyThis threatened Serbia’s sovereignty

Escalation to WarEscalation to War

July 25July 25thth

Austria breaks off relations with SerbiaAustria breaks off relations with SerbiaJuly 28July 28thth

A.H. declares war on SerbiaA.H. declares war on SerbiaJuly 30July 30thth

Czar issues mobilization orderCzar issues mobilization orderAugust 1August 1stst

Germans mobilize, declare war on RussiaGermans mobilize, declare war on RussiaAugust 3August 3rdrd

France declares war on GermanyFrance declares war on Germany Germany invades BelgiumGermany invades Belgium

August 4August 4thth

Great Britain declares war on GermanyGreat Britain declares war on Germany

By August 4By August 4thth, 1914, , 1914, all Great European all Great European

Powers are Powers are involved and World involved and World War 1 has begunWar 1 has begun