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The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin

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Page 1: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

The Scientific Process

By Mr. Lin

Page 2: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

What is Science?

• Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world.

Image Courtesy of http://www.science.ubc.ca/envsc/mag_glass.jpeg

Page 3: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

How Do We Solve Scientific Problems?

• We use a step-by-step process.

– This process is called the “Scientific Method.”

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Page 4: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Scientific Method: Step #1

• Question

• No question, no point to experiment, no science.

Image Courtesy of http://www.battelle.org/environment/publications/envupdates/Summer2003/gfx/question.jpg

Page 5: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Scientific Method: Step #2

• Hypothesis– An educated guess to

answer the question.– MUST BE TESTABLE.

• Use “If . . . then . . .”

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Page 6: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Good Hypotheses• If I place a rock into

water, then it will sink.

• If I use a prism, then light will be split into many different colors.

• If my mom adds sugar to cereal, then my sister will eat more.

• If my class gets rid of “transition time” in class, then they will get more recess.

Image Courtesy of http://www.physics.ohio-state.edu/~gilmore/images/collection/misc/prism.gif

Page 7: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Scientific Method: Step #3• Experiment

• Experiments often have 2 parts.

– One setup where everything is left alone• This is called the “Control.” • Absolutely nothing is change.

– And another setup where only one thing is changed.• Constant: Anything that never changes between the two setups• Independent Variable: The one thing you changed in the second

setup.• Dependent Variable: What ends up happening because you

changed the Independent Variable.

Page 8: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Confused?

• Let me walk you through a simple experiment.

Page 9: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Does Salty Water Freeze As Fast As Fresh Water?

Sample Question

Page 10: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

If I add one teaspoons of salt to one glass of water, then it will

freeze slower than one glass of fresh water.

Hypothesis

Page 11: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

The Experiment

Page 12: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Experiment

• Independent Variable:– The ONE (and only

one) thing we make different from the control.

• Dependent Variable:– What happens

because of the independent variable

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Page 13: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Independent Variable Versus Dependent Variable

Page 14: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Scientific Method: Step #4

• Observation

• Use your five senses (seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, and smelling) to notice any dependent variables.

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Page 15: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Scientific Method: Step #5• Collect Data

• Take notes. Jot down interesting numbers and observations.

Page 16: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Scientific Method: Step #6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

FreshWater

SaltWater

• Analyze

• Make some sense out of the data. – Make graphs– Draw pictures– What can you

infer because of the data?

Min

utes

nee

ded

till f

roze

n

Page 17: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Scientific Method: Step #7• Conclusion

• What is the answer to your question based on the experiment.– Do you need to

perform more experiments?

– Are there new questions?

– Are there new hypotheses?

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Page 18: The Scientific Process By Mr. Lin. What is Science? Science is simply the solving of problems in our natural world. Image Courtesy of

Scientific Method: Summary • Question• Hypothesis• Experiment

– Control– Constants– Independent Variable– Dependent Variable

• Observe• Collect Data• Analyze• ConclusionImage Courtesy of

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