i

THE STRUGGLE TO GET FREEDOM IN FRANK DARABONT

“THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” MOVIE: AN INDIVIDUAL

PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For Getting Bachelor Degree in English Department

By

ARIF SETIAWAN A 320 040 062

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2013

ii

iii

iv

TESTIMONY

I witness that there is no similar research that has been conducted before. This

research paper has been done by me honestly. In this research paper, I use my own

words and there is no opinion that has been written or published before, except the

written references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the bibliography.

If in the future, there will be any incorrectness which is proved and contradicted with

my statement here, I will be fully responsible.

Surakarta, June 2013

The Writer

Arif Setiawan

v

MOTTO

Practice makes perfect Nobody is perfect It’s difficult to be number one, but still more difficult to

be ourselves. I ‘am just an ordinary people but have an extra ordinary

dream.

vi

DEDICATION

This research paper is dedicated to: My father and Mother who have

sacrificed everything for me and always support me with love, praying and trust.

My beloved sister and bothers, thank for love, attention, support and prayer.

My beloved one who has always supported me and helped me find the meaning of my life, thank for togetherness.

vii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb. Alhamdulillahirabbil alamin, In the name of ALLAH SWT, the Merciful, The

Lord of the universe. It is because of His blessing and guidance, so that the writer is

finally able to finish his research paper. It is entitled “THE STRUGGLE TO GET

FREEDOM IN “THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” FRANK DARABONT’S

MOVIE: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH”.

It is impossible to claim that the writer accomplishes the research paper

without the help of the other people. There are many people who have given their

contribution to the writer. Therefore the writer would like to express his gratitude and

appreciation to:

1. Dra. N. Setyaningsih M.Si, the dean of School of Teacher Training and

Education of Muhammdiyah University of Surakarta.

2. Titis Styabudi,S.S, M.Hum, the head of English Department of School of

Teacher Training and Education.

3. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum, as the first consultant, who has given great

help, advice, correction and guidance in accomplishing this research paper.

4. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M.Hum, as the second consultant and academic

consultant, who has given great help, advise, correction and guidance in

accomplishing this research paper.

5. All of the English Department lecturers for their knowledge.

6. All the librarians of UMS whose place has been visited by researcher to get

the data.

viii

7. His beloved Mother and Father, who always give her/his love and spirit to the

writer, they always pray for the writer’s success.

8. His elder sister, Mbak Endang, Mbak Nining, and younger brother, Budi, for

the love and spirit.

9. All his families, for the wisdom advice and criticsm.

10. His very close friend evens more, Iqbal, silo, Maretha, Roy, Bokir and Andy

for the supports.

11. The B class of English Department 2004, and all of English Community.

12. All my friends in BOMBAY, KENDALI SODO, SRIGUNTING,

KADEMANGAN and KURING boarding house.

The writer believes that there are many drawbacks revealed by this study. In

this case he would like to ask for apology. Any suggestion and criticism are

appreciated.

Wassalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.

Surakarta, 2013

The writer

Arif

ix

SUMMARY

ARIF SETIAWAN, A.320 040 062, “THE STRUGGLE TO GET FREEDOM IN “THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION” FRANK DARABONT’S MOVIE: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH”. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2013

The main aim’s of study is to reveal how the struggle to get freedom from shawshank prison of the major character influences his personality. The objective of this study is to analyze the movie based on the structural analysis and the individual psychological analysis.

This study is a qualitative study. The data sources are divided into two, namely primary data source and secondary data source. The primary data is the movie itself, and the secondary data source are the other literatures and virtual references which are relevant to the film. The method of data collection is watching the movie repeatedly, understanding the movie, and uses library research by collecting and selecting the appropriate data from many sources. The technique of data analysis is descriptive analysis by applying the individual psychological approach.

Based on the analysis, Andy Defrusneis the reflection of the human trying to get his desire. Frank Darabont wants to describe how human beings have many ways making his dream come true. He also wants to show that human are full of imagination and desire. Andy who always tries to fulfill his wish by struggling and striving to make all dreams become true.

Keyword :Struggle, Freedom,individual,Shawshank Prison.

x

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE ……………………………………………………. i

APPROVAL ……………………………………………... ii

ACCEPTANCE ………………………………………….. iii

TESTIMONY…………………………………………….. iv

MOTTO ………………………………………………….. v

DEDICATION …………………………………………… vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENT ………………………………… vii

SUMMARY ………………………………………………. ix

TABLE OF CONTENT ………………………………….. x

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study ……………………... 1

B. Previous Study ………………………………... 4

C. Problem Statement ……………………………. 5

D. Limitation of the Study ……………………….. 5

E. Objective of the Study ………………………... 5

F. Benefit of the Study …………………………... 5

G. Research Method ……………………………... 6

H. Paper Organization……………….…………… 7

CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY

A. Notion of the Individual Psychology …………. 8

B. Basic Concept of Individual Psychology ……... 10

1. Fiction Finalism …………………………… 10

2. Inferiority Feeling ……………………......... 10

3. Striving for Superiority ………………........ 11

4. Style of Life ………………………………. 12

5. Social Interest …………………………….. 14

6. Creative Power ……………………………. 15

C. Structural Elements of the Movie……………… 16

xi

1. Narrative Elements ………………………….. 16

a. Character and Characterization ………... 16

b. Plot …………………………………….. 16

c. Setting …………………………………. 16

d. Point of View ………………………….. 16

e. Theme …………………………………. 17

2. Technical Elements ………………………… .. 17

a. Mise-en-Scene…………………………… 17

1) Set Dressing and Props ………….. 17

2) Costume ………………………… 17

3) Make-Up ………………………… 17

4) Lighting …………………………. 18

5) Design …………………………… 20

b. Cinematography ………………………. 20

1) Photographic Quality of the Shot….. 21

2) Framing of the Shot………………. 21

3) Duration of the Shot ……………… 21

c. Casting ………………………… …….. 22

d. Sound ,,,………………………… ……. 22

e. Editing ……………………… ………. 23

D. Theoretical Application ……………………….. 26

CHAPTER III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

A. Structural Elements ……………………………. 27

1. Narrative Elements ………………………….. 27

a. Character and Characterization ………... 27

b. Plot …………………………………….. 32

c. Setting …………………………………. 31

d. Point of View ………………………….. 35

e. Theme …………………………………. 36

2. Technical Elements ………………………… 39

xii

a. Mise-en-Scene and Design ……………... 40 1) Set Dressing and Props ………….. 40 1) Costume ………………………… 42 2) Make-Up ………………………… 43 3) Lighting …………………………. 44 4) Design …………………………… 48

b. Cinematography ………………………. 49 1) Photographic Quality of the Shot….. 49 2) Framing of the Shot………………. 50 3) Duration of the Shot ……………… 50

c. Casting ………………………… …….... 50 d. Sound…………………………………... 55 e. Editing ……………………… ……….. 55

B. Discussion …………………………………….. 55 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS

A. Individual of Psychological Analysis of The Shawshank Redemption………………….. 58

1. Fiction Finalism ………………………………. 58 2. Inferiority Feeling …………………………….. 60 3. Striving for Superiority ……………………….. 62 4. Style of Life …………………………………... 64 5. Social Interest ………………………………… 65 6. Creative Power ……………………………….. 67 B. Discussion …………………………………….. 69

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion ……………………………………. 72 B. Suggestion …………………………………….. 73

BIBLIOGRAPHY VIRTUAL REFERENCES

APPENDIXS

xiii

LIST OF FIGURE

Page

Figure 1. Andy dufresne............................................................................................ 27

Figure 2. . Ellis Boyd "Red" Redding....................................................................... 28

Figure 3. Wardon Samuel Norton............................................................................. 29

Figure 4. Capt. Byron Hadley................................................................................... 30

Figure 5. Heywood …...…………………………………………………………… 30

Figure 6. Tommy Williams..………………………………………………………. 31

Figure 7. Brooks Halten …………………………………………………………... 31

Figure 8. Bogs Diamond ………………………………………………………….. 32

Figure 9. Andy in the Court State of Maine ……………………………………..... 36

Figure 10. The Shawshank Prison…………………………………………………. 36

Figure 11. Prison room …………………………………………………………… 36

Figure 12. Dining room ……………………………………………………. ……. 37

Figure 13. Library room …………………………………………………………... 37

Figure 14. Laundry room …………………………………………………………. 37

Figure 15. Field of Shawshank Prison ……………………………………………. 38

Figure 16. Norton office ………………………………………………………….. 40

Figure 17. Library room…………………………………………………………… 41

Figure 18. Andy's cell room ………………………………………………………. 41

Figure 19. Small hammer ………………………………………………………..... 41

Figure 20. Andy & Red in Field of prison ………………………………………… 42

Figure 21. Brooks Halten in front gates prison…….……………………….……… 42

xiv

Figure 22. Andy in national bank of Main…………………………...…………….. 43

Figure 23. Andy & Red natural make up…………………………………………... 43

Figure 24. Brooks Halten with natural make up …………………………………... 44

Figure 25. Red with natural make up………………………………………………. 44

Figure 26. Bright lighting ……………………………………………………….…. 45

Figure 27. Dark Lighting ……………………………………………………………45

Figure 28. Source of Sun ……………………………………………………….. 46

Figure 29. Source of Lamp ………………………………………………………… 46

Figure 30. Blue color ………………………………………………………………. 47

Figure 31. Yellow color ……………………………………………………………. 47

Figure 32. Top lighting …………………………………………………………..… 48

Figure 33. Side lighting ……………………………………………………………. 48

Figure 34. Bottom lighting ……………………………………………………….... 48

Figure 35. Andy in hole of wall …………………………………………………… 59

Figure 36. Andy dufresne ………………………………………………………….. 61

Figure 37. Red in top of building ………………………………………………….. 63

Figure 38. Andy and Red …………..……………………………………………… 65

Figure 39. Red Ridding …………………………………………………….………66

Figure 40. Andy Dufresne ……………………………………………………….... 68