the standard model of particle physics
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The Standard Model of Particle Physics. What is the Standard Model of Particle Physics ????. A theory of three of the four known fundamental interactions and the elementary particles that take part in these interactions. The 4 fundamental interactions are: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
What is the Standard Model of Particle Physics ????1. A theory of three of the four known
fundamental interactions and the elementary particles that take part in these interactions.
2. The 4 fundamental interactions are: Electromagnetism force that causes the
interaction between electrically charged particles
Strong Interaction strongest of interactions that can involve protons and neutrons
Weak Interaction the weakest of the interactions that is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons.
Gravitation we are most familiar with this; It is the means by which objects with mass attract one another ( not included in this theory)
3. It is not a law yet4. It is used to explain the existence of
all particles that have been observed and the forces that hold atoms together or lead to their decay
5. Particles, according to this theory, are described as force carriers because forces are brought about as a result of an exchange of particles
6. Particles can be classified according to the types of interactions they have with other particles
7. This leads to a large variation of subatomic particles
Hadron = particle that interacts through the strong nuclear force, electromagnetic, weak, and gravitational forces
Can be subdivided into 2 groups = Baryons & Mesons
Protons + Neutrons = hadrons
Lepton= particle that interacts through the electromagnetic, weak , and gravitational forces, but not a strong nuclear force
A leptons mass is less than a proton( Lepton Mass < proton) Made up of : Electrons, positrons, and
neutrinos = leptons
Positron = particle whose mass is equal to the mass of the electron, and whose positive electric charge is equal in magnitude to the negative charge of the electron
Neutrino = neutral particle that has little mass but does possess energy and momentum
•Baryon – elementary particle that can be transformed into a proton or neutron and mesons and lighter particles (known for its heavy particles) ( one of the groups made out of hadrons)
o Mesons - particle of intermediate mass
Antiparticles- particle having mass, lifetime, and spin identical to the associated particle, but with an opposite charge and magnetic moment reversed in sign.
They are identified by a bar over the symbol of their particle
Example: An antiproton would be a p with a bar over it which indicates that it is a stable baryon carrying a unit negative charge, but has the same mass as a proton
The antiparticle exists for the neutrino ( they are identical except for their direction of spin)
Antimatter- material made up of atoms that are composed of antiprotons, antineutrons & positrons
Makes up the particles inside baryons & mesons It is one of the basic particles and has multiple charges,
which causes some of the elementary particles to be built Names for quark are: strange, top, bottom, up, down,
charmBaryons= 3 quarks & 1 antiquark Mesons = 1 quark & 1 antiquark Antiquark = antiparticle of the quark; it has the
opposite electric charge, baryon number & strangenessQaurk in protons are uud ( up up down) Quark in neutrons are udd ( up down down) When quarks combine to make baryons there charge
adds up to zero
Test – answers are italicized Antiparticle has the same spin, lifetime and_______ as the associated particle
matter shape protons mass
Antiparticles are identified by the ______ on top of their symbols A dot A bar A swiggle line A number 3
Antimatter is material made up of atoms which are composed of antiprotons, positrons, and ____ Antineutrons Leptons Hadrons Baryons
Quarks make up the material inside Protons & neutrons Baryons & mesons Neutrons & leptons Antimatter & hadrons
Quarks in protons are ____ Udd Ddu Uud Dud
Quarks in neutrons are Ddu Udu Ddd Udd
The antiquark has the opposite electric charge, strangeness, and Mesons Number of baryons Protons Electrons
Baryons are made up of 3 quarks & 2 antiquarks 1 quark & 1 antiquark 3 quarks & 1 antiquark 0 quarks & 1 antiquark
Mesons are made up of 3 quarks & 2 antiquarks 1 quark & 1 antiquark 3 quarks & 1 antiquark 0 quarks & 1 antiquark
Baryons are known for their light particles heavy particles wet particles smooth particles
Which group can be subdivided? Leptons Baryons Mesons Hadrons
Mesons are particles of intermediate Shape Matter Mass Oxygen
Positrons are particles whose mass is equal to the mass of the _____ Neutron Electron Proton Antimatter
A Neutrino possess Speed & density Endurance & light Momentum & energy Mass & negative charges
Which fundamental interaction does the Lepton not partake in? Strong nuclear force Gravitational forces Weak forces Electromagnetic
A leptons mass is Greater then a proton Greater then neutron Less then a proton Less then a neutron
Leptons are made up positrons, electrons, and Hadrons Baryons Neutrinos Protons
Hadrons are made up of Electrons & neutrons Protons & neutrons Electrons & protons Neutrinos & baryons
True or False : The Standard Model of Particle Physics is a law False True
Which fundamental interaction does The Standard Model of Particle Physics not interact with Electromagnetism Strong interaction Weak interaction Gravitational force
Particles are classified according to the types of interactions they have with other Protons Mesons Neutrons
ParticlesTrue or False: Are there subatomic particles within this theory? False True
Electromagnetism is force that causes the interaction between electrically charged particles strongest of interactions that can involve protons and neutrons the weakest of the interactions that is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons. we are most familiar with this; It is the means by which objects with mass attract one another
gravitational force is force that causes the interaction between electrically charged particles strongest of interactions that can involve protons and neutrons the weakest of the interactions that is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons. we are most familiar with this; It is the means by which objects with mass attract one another
The antiparticle and neutrino are identical except for their Mass Protons Baryons Direction of spin
NICK DELPINO and ALEX CACCOMA
INTRODUCTIONAfter Ernest Rutherford proposed his nuclear
model, physicists began to question whether the nucleus had a structure of its own.
There is still no complete answer to this question.
However in the mid 1930s, a simple nuclear model was in place.
NucleonsThe components of the nucleus are called
nucleons and are described by a number of properties including electric charge.
Nuclear charge is measured by elementary charge(e) rather than the coulomb.
Two principal nucleons are the proton and the neutron.
Nuclear symbolsAll atomic nuclei and their components
nucleons are represented by the same general symbol
The symbol identifies the particle, atomic number, indicates the number of elementary charge present and the mass number.
IsotopesNuclei that have the same atomic number but
have different mass numbers are called isotopes.
Classification of subatomic particles part 1Hadron: a particle that intersects through the
strong nuclear force as well as the electromagnetic, weak and strong gravitational force.
Lepton: a particle that intersects through the electromagnetic, weak gradational forces, but not the strong nuclear force.
C.o.s.p part2Positron: a particle whose mass is equal to
the mass of the electron, and whose positive electric charge is equal in magnitude to the negative charge of the electron
Neutrino: a neutral particle that has little, if any mass, but does not possess both energy and momentum.
Baryon: an elementary particle that can be transformed into a proton or neutron, and some number of mesons and lighter particles.
C.o.s.p part 3Meson: a particle of intermediate massAntiparticle: a particle having mass, lifetime
and spin identical to the associated particle, but with charge of opposite sign and magnetic moment reversed in sign.
Antimatter: is material consisting of atoms that are composed of antiprotons, antineutrons and positrons.
The QuarkThe quark is one of the basic particles Having charges of −1⁄3 or +2⁄3 Many of the elementary particles may be
built upName by: up, down, charm, strange, top and
bottom
The antiquarkThe antiparticle of the quark, having an
electric charge, baryon number and strangeness opposite in sign to that of the corresponding quark
When quarks combine to form baryons, their charges add algebraically to a total of 0, +1 or -1.
End. Done.
Test (open notes)1. What are the two principle nucleons?2. name 3 parts of a nuclear symbol3. What are isotopes?4. What are the charges of quarks?5. What is the difference between a hadron
and a lepton? 6. What are two names of quarks?