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THE STATE AND PEACEBUILDING FUND (SPF)Fragility, Conflict and Violence Group© 2016, The World BankWashington, D.C.The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 USA

NairobiDelta Center Menegai Road Upper Hill PO Box 30577-00100 Nairobi, Kenya

Telephone +1 202 458 2426Fax +1 202 522 2266Email [email protected] www.worldbank.org/spf

DISCLAIMERThis paper has not undergone the review accorded to official World Bank publications. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank Group and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent.

The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work.

RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONSThe material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The World Bank Group encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The 2015 SPF Annual Report was prepared by a core team including: David Andersson, Paul Bance, Anna Bokina, Zainiddin Karaev, Krishna Tapa, Matthias Mayr, Marc Neilson, Milena Stefanova, and Puteri Watson. The core team extends its gratitude to SPF development partners, and the SPF Technical Advisory Committee for contributing their expertise, leadership, and time to ensure high-quality SPF grant-making and robust knowledge agenda. The SPF Technical Advisory Committee includes Laura Bailey, Alejandro Cedeno, Andrew Sunil Rajkumar, Anthony Cholst, Bassam Ramadan, Bernard G. Funck, Boris Gamarra, Deborah Isser, Faisal Quraishi, Jimena Garrote, John Nasir, Talib Esmail, Juan Carlos Pereira, Kevin Carey, Luca Bandiera, Lynne D. Sherburne-Benz, Michelle C. Keane, Paola Ridolfi, Pilar Maisterra, Sakuntala Akmeemana, Tekabe Ayalew Belay, and Xavier Devictor.

The team also wishes to thank Saroj Kumar Jha and Kanthan Shankar for their advice and support, as well as colleagues in the Fragility, Conflict and Violence Group for their useful contributions. Finally, the team extends its sincere thanks to the SPF task teams, and to the SPF implementing partners, for their commitment to advancing innovative state and peacebuilding programming across the world.

PHOTO CREDITSCOVER WB Photo, Ali Abukumail (Abrahams Path Community Awareness Meeting)PV UN Photo, Tobin JonesP01 UN Photo, Tobin Jones P05 EJ MatelaP13 WB Photo, Jesus AlfonsoP18 UN Photo, Mark GartenP20 WB Photo, Sean BradleyP21 WB Photo, Mohamed AzakirP22 Bangsamoro Development AgencyP26 UN Photo, Tobin JonesP31 WB Photo, Judicael MontindaP33 WB Photo, Soraya UtutalumP42 WB Photo, Soraya UtutalumP46 WB Photo, Ali Abukumail

WITH ALMOST HALF OF THE WORLD’S POOR expected to live in countries affected by fragility, conflict and violence (FCV) by 2030, addressing this challenge remains a concern for achievement of the new Sustainable Development Goals, and a priority for the World Bank Group (WBG) to end poverty and promote shared prosperity. The challenge is widespread, and not confined to low-income countries. The last few years have seen a spike in conflicts with an increase in casualties. The wave of violence varying from different sources of conflict, from Central African Republic, Mali, Nigeria to Syria, Yemen, Ukraine, to sub-national conflict in Philippines and Thailand, and violence and organized crime in Latin America, illustrates the complexity of the challenge and the global and potential regional economic, political and social spill-over effects. Today, almost 60 million people are displaced globally – the highest level since the end of World War II. Violent extremism is a growing concern, and urban violence is on the rise, connected to inequality.

Responding to these challenges requires responsive, flexible and timely financing tools that are adapted to the particular contexts and conditions prevalent in FCV contexts. In recent years, the World Bank has scaled up its technical and financial support in FCV and the SPF has today positioned itself at the forefront of these efforts. Now in its eighth year of existence, the SPF is advancing transformative development approaches where they are needed most. The Fund has emerged to become a forward-thinking and innovative tool for state and peacebuilding programming, fully able to meet the challenging and often- diverse needs of clients.

The SPF’s unique value lies in its ability to meet needs that cannot be adequately addressed by traditional development lending. For example, the Fund is able to provide support in places with limited or no access to conventional financing, such as countries in arrears like Zimbabwe and Somalia. The SPF’s Strategy Initiative for Somalia Re-Engagement is providing critical support for the country’s transition process and is underpinning the World Bank’s expanding engagement in the country. The SPF’s unique role is also evident in its support for ‘special IBRD cases’- countries that would not borrow for FCV activities. For example, the SPF is, with success, financing priority municipal service delivery activities in Lebanon and Jordan, thereby helping to mitigate some of the worst spillover-effects of the Syrian refugee crisis. Moreover, the SPF is also at the forefront of addressing regional FCV dimensions such as the pastoralism conflict in the Sahel and Horn of Africa and citizen security challenges in Central America’s northern triangle. Further, the SPF works as a laboratory for new and operationally relevant knowledge to boost FCV response on emerging new topics. Examples include support for peace process in Mindanao, Philippines, land restitution for displaced populations in Colombia, support for the Evidence for Peace initiative, which seeks to measure development outcomes in FCV contexts, and the launch of a global learning platform on gender based-violence.

The past year has been a critical one for the SPF. It has undertaken a series of reforms designed to reposition the Fund to enhance its flexibility and responsiveness and ensure that it remains fit-for-purpose. Moving forward the SPF will continue to innovate and explore new ways of addressing state and peacebuilding challenges as a key complement to lending instruments, thereby helping meet the Bank’s Twin Goals of ending poverty and promoting shared prosperity, and contributing to the global SDG efforts. SPF is the instrument of choice for achieving SDG16, for catalyzing transformative development approaches in countries confronting FCV challenges, and for advancing global knowledge on critical FCV themes. I look forward to a peaceful 2016.

Saroj Kumar JhaSenior Director, Fragility, Conflict, and Violence Group

F O R E W O R D

Scene from Jowhar, Somalia

For more information on the work of State and Peacebuilding Fund, please contact:

The State and Peacebuilding Fund (SPF)Fragility, Conflict and Violence Group

Washington, D.C. The World Bank 1818 H Street, NWWashington, D.C, 20433 USA

Nairobi Delta Center Menengai RoadUpper Hill PO Box 30577-00100 Nairobi, Kenya

Telephone: +1 202 458 2426E-mail: [email protected] address: www.worldbank.org/spf

A B B R E V I A T I O N S A N D A C R O N Y M S

AfDB African Development Bank

AFR Africa Region

CDD Community-driven Development

DRC Democratic Republic of Congo

EAP East Asia and Pacific Region

ECA Eastern Europe and Central Asia Region

EU European Union

FCV Fragile and Conflict-affected Situations

FCV Fragility, Conflict, and Violence

GBV Gender-based Violence

IBRD International Bank for

Reconstruction and Development

IDA International Development Association

IDP Internally Displaced Persons

IMF International Monetary Fund

LAC Latin American and Caribbean Region

LDI Local Development Institute

LSCTF Lebanon Syria Crisis Trust Fund

MENA Middle East and North Africa Region

MDTF Multi-Donor Trust Fund

MTR Mid-Term Review

MPF Multi-Partner Fund

PFM Public Financial Management

NGO Non-governmental Organization

RKL Research, Knowledge, and Learning

SAR South Asia Region

SGBV Sexual and Gender-based Violence

SOMPREP Somalia Private Sector Development

Re-engagement Program

SPF State and Peacebuilding Fund

UN United Nations

WBG World Bank Group

WDR World Development Report

INTRODUCTION

About the SPF

SPF Governance

Re-positioning the SPF

About the Annual Report

Structure of the Annual Report

PILLAR 1: Tracking Fund Level Results

Pillar Overview

Promoting FCV sensitive strategies (Fund Level Result 1.1)

Fostering Partnerships (Fund Level Result 1.2)

Piloting New Approaches to Results and Risk (Fund Level Result 1.3)

Responding to Urgent Need (Fund Level Result 1.4)

Strengthening Institutions (Fund Level Result 1.5)

Capturing and Disseminating Knowledge (Fund Level Result 1.6)

PILLAR 2: Tracking Statebuilding and Peacebuilding Results

Pillar Overview

Contribution to Statebuilding Results

Contributions to Peacebuilding Results

Regional Focus and Distribution of Statebuilding and Peacebuilding Objectives

PILLAR 3: Financial and Portfolio Results

Pillar Overview

SPF Financial & Grant Making Status

SPF Projects– Processing, Implementation and Ratings

ANNEX: SPF GRANT LIST

C O N T E N T SSTATE AND PEACEBUILDING FUND2015

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27

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BOXES

Box 1: The SPF Reform Package

Box 2: SPF Fund-level results and sample performance indicators

Box 3: Regional Approaches to SPF Financing- Illustrative Examples

Box 4: SPF Strategic Initiatives

Box 5: Varied Forms of Strategic Support Provided by the SPF- Illustrative Examples

Box 6: Varied Recipients of SPF Grants

Box 7: SPF MDTF Transfers

Box 8: SPF Support for Select MDTFs- Illustrative Examples

Box 9: Innovative M&E in the SPF Portfolio

Box 10: Closed Projects that Have Been Continued or Scaled-up

Box 11: The SPF’s RKL Projects

Box 12: Defining Statebuilding and Peacebuilding

Box 13: Sample Activities of SPF StateBuilding and Peacebuilding Objectives

Box 14: Statebuilding Projects and Results- illustrative Examples

Box 15: Peacebuilding Projects and Results- illustrative Examples

Box 16: SPF Contribution to State and Peacebuilding Results: Africa

Box 17: SPF Contribution to State and Peacebuilding Results: Middle East and North Africa

Box 18: SPF Contribution to State and Peacebuilding Results: Latin America and the Caribbean

Box 19: SPF Contribution to State and Peacebuilding Results: East Asia and the Pacific

Box 20: SPF Contribution to State and Peacebuilding Results: Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Box 21: SPF Contribution to State and Peacebuilding Results: South Asia

Box 22: Timelines for SPF project implementation

Box 23: The World Bank Group Rating System

FIGURES

Figure 1: Share of SPF Financing To Countries With Limited/ No Access To Other Bank Instruments, in US$

Figure 2: The SPF Results Framework

Figure 3: New Grants by Region FY09-FY16, in US$ millions

Figure 4: SPF Grant Allocations, by Region

Figure 5: Fund-level Results

Figure 6: FCV Contexts That SPF Projects Address Per Region In Number Of Grants

Figure 7: Share of SPF Grants That Are Part of Strategic Initiatives, in US$ millions

Figure 8: Share of new SPF grants as part of strategic initiatives, over time

Figure 9: Types of SPF Grant Recipients, in $US millions

Figure 10: Number of SPF MDTF transfers, by financial year

Figure 11: Share of SPF projects that are pilot initiatives or testing new approaches, in US$ millions

Figure 12: Share of emergency or rapid response projects, in US$

Figure 13: Share of SPF Projects with Institution or Capacity Building Components, in $US

BOXES, F IGURES AND FEATURES

Figure 14: Share of SPF Projects with an Exclusive Focus on RKL Objectives, in $US

Figure 15: Share of SPF Projects with RKL component, in US$

Figure 16: Mapping Project-level Objectives to the SPF’s State and Peacebuilding Results

Figure 17: Mapping Project-level Objectives to State and Peacebuilding Results

Figure 18: Mapping of SPF Projects to Statebuilding Results, by Fiscal Year Grant Activated

Figure 19: Mapping the SPF Portfolio to Statebuilding Results by Number of Grants

Figure 20: Mapping of SPF Projects to Peacebuilding Results, by Fiscal Year Grant Activated

Figure 21: Mapping of SPF Portfolio to Peacebuilding Results by Number of Grants

Figure 22: The Relative Distribution of Project Statebuilding Objectives- AFR and MENA

Figure 23: The Relative Distribution of Project Peacebuilding Objectives- AFR and MENA

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Scene from Jowhar, Somalia

Figure 24: The Relative Distribution of Project Statebuilding Objectives- LAC and EAP

Figure 25: The Relative Distribution of Project Peacebuilding Objectives- LAC and EAP

Figure 26: The Relative Distribution of Project Statebuilding Objectives- ECA and SAR

Figure 27: The Relative Distribution of Project Peacebuilding Objectives- ECA and SAR

Figure 28: SPF Contributions by Donors FY09-FY16, in $US millions

Figure 29: SPF Contributions by Donors FY09-FY16, in %

Figure 30: New Grants by Region FY09-FY16 in US$ millions

Figure 31: Share of SPF Financing To Countries With Limited/ No Access To Other Bank Instruments, in US$ millions

Figure 32: Project Disbursements by Financial Year

Figure 33: Turn-over of Task Team Leaders

Figure 34: SPF Project Processing and Implementation Timelines, by Region, in Days

Figure 35: SPF Project Processing and Implementation Timelines, by Fiscal year, in Days

Figure 36: Ratings of SPF Projects Reporting

Figure 37: Overall Status of SPF Portfolio Ratings

FEATURES

Feature 1: Central America Strategic Initiative

Feature 2: The SPF Working in Partnership in Post-Conflict Colombia

Feature 3: Impact Evaluation in FCV- Towards a New Science of Delivery

Feature 4: Mitigating the Impacts of the Syrian Refugee Crisis in Jordan and Lebanon

Feature 5: Innovative Institution building in the Philippines

Feature 6: Using High Frequency Surveys to Address Data Deprivation in Somalia

1S T AT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D | 2 0 1 5 A N N U A L R E P O R T

I N T R O D U C T I O N

ABOUT THE SPF

ACHIEVING THE WORLD BANK GROUP’S (WBG) twin goals of ending poverty and promoting shared prosperity will require significant progress on development outcomes in countries impacted by FCV. To this end, the State and Peacebuilding Fund (SPF) seeks to advance the Bank’s work in FCV situations by promoting flexible and differentiated approaches to development financing.1

Working in complement to the International Development Association (IDA) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the SPF is the World Bank’s largest global multi-donor trust fund (MDTF) established to finance innovative approaches to state and peacebuilding in regions affected by FCV. The Fund was established in 2008, and specifically set up to:

• Support measures to improve governance and institutional performance in countries emerging from, or at risk of sliding into, crisis and arrears, and

• Support the reconstruction and development of countries prone to, in, or emerging from conflict.

The SPF portfolio, which as of December 30, 2015 was valued at approximately US$271 million2, supports countries with little or no access to other sources of Bank financing for FCV related activities. It also pioneers ‘frontier’ development approaches that can be brought to scale, and captures and disseminates global knowledge. Today the Fund is active in 35 countries across six regions world wide, and also finances regional and global initiatives.

All WBG member countries are eligible to receive SPF funding, as are non-members on a case-by-case basis and countries in arrears. The SPF is unique in its ability to work where IDA cannot, in special IBRD cases and in countries with limited IDA allocations who would not borrow for FCV related purposes. Figure 1 shows how 67 percent of the SPF’s funds have gone to countries with limited or no access to other sources of World Bank financing for FCV-related activities.

FIGURE 1: SHARE OF SPF FINANCING TO COUNTRIES WITH LIMITED OR NO ACCESS TO OTHER BANK INSTRUMENTS, IN US$ MILLIONS

1 The 2015 OECD ‘States of Fragility’ Report outlines the rationale for a different approach to financing in FCV. 2 All Annual Report data are as of Dec 30, 2015 unless otherwise noted. 3 Average IDA allocation is less than $US 13 million.4 Countries in arrears, non-members, and re-engaging.5 Total project management financing amounts to US$8.4 million, while allocations as of Dec. 30, 2015 equal US$6.2 million

LISCs/MICs with IDA/IBRD access (innovative pilots to influence larger invest-ments), $90.6, 33%

Countries with limited / no access to other Bank instruments, $180.6, 67%

LICSs with limited / no access to IDA, $118.7, 44%

MIC Special cases, $39.5, 15%

Regional / global initiatives, $16.2, 6%

SPF Project Mgt, $6.2, 2%

2 S T AT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D | 2 0 1 5 A N N U A L R E P O R T

SPF GOVERNANCE

TO BETTER LEVERAGE THE OPPORTUNITY to partner with external donors the SPF governance structure has been changed as part of the SPF’s and broader Bank reform processes (see Box 1 below) and includes:

SPF Steering Group: The Steering Group consists of WBG Senior Management and contributing development partners, and meets annually to provide feedback on progress and to provide guidance and direction for the Fund. It represents a strategic opportunity for SPF donors to ensure that resources are being channeled to initiatives that go beyond the WBG agenda, in a way that contributes to the wider engagement of the international development community as a whole in FCV.

SPF Technical Advisory Committee (TAC): The TAC is made up of representatives from Global Practices (GPs), Cross-cutting Solutions Areas (CCSAs), Regions, and WBG corporate units. Its role is to provide strategic guidance on FCV priorities and ensure quality review and enhancement of project proposals.

SPF Secretariat: The SPF Secretariat operates from within the FCV Group in Washington, DC and manages day-to-day operations of the Fund preparing projects, processing grants, monitoring and evaluating the SPF portfolio, and promoting knowledge exchange and learning.

RE-POSITIONING THE FUND

IN 2014 THE SPF underwent a comprehensive reform process, which was premised on the findings of the SPF’s 2012 Mid Term Review (MTR). The process was specifically designed to: (i) further enhance the SPF’s responsiveness and flexibility to respond in FCV-affected environments, (ii) revise the SPF’s governance arrangements in line with the WBG’s new operating model, and (iii) align project management costs with the scope and value of the Fund. In October 2014, the Board of Executive Directors approved a reform package comprised of six of areas, outlined in Box 1 below, with the purpose of further enhancing the breadth and flexibility of the Fund’s original mandate. The reform process also positioned the SPF for maximum impact in the context of the broader WBG change process.

BOX 1: THE SPF REFORM PACKAGE BOX 1: THE SPF REFORM PACKAGE

1. ENHANCE BANK EXECUTION OF SPF PROJECTS The vast majority of SPF projects are executed by Government or third party (NGOs, UN agencies) recipients. With increased flexibility to provide Bank-executed grants the SPF will improve its ability to provide quick technical assistance, to advance knowledge and learning on key FCV themes, strengthen M&E, and to provide enhanced implementation support. Following a recent round in financing in September 2015, the current SPF pipeline now includes a mixture of Bank and Recipient executed activities.

2. IMPROVE SPEED AND RESPONSIVENESS OF GRANT MAKINGThis area of reform will ensure, in line with the SPF’s original mandate, to further improve the speed and responsiveness of grant making to promote innovative development solutions and transformational programming, The new recipient-executed guidelines have been streamlined with a view to reducing the number of steps and requirements on team to process such grants and the SPF Secretariat has taken measures to simplify the SPF grant approval process and enforce stricter processing timelines for new projects in FY 16.

3. ALIGN GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS WITH THE WBG’S NEW OPERATING MODELThe governance of the SPF has been aligned with the Bank’s new institutional structure. The new SPF’s Technical Advisory Committee constituted in March 2015 seeks to maximize regional experience, technical expertise and operational background in FCV issues while maintaining its efficiency in decision-making.

4. ALIGN PROGRAM MANAGEMENT COSTS WITH THE FUND’S VALUE AND SCOPEGiven the SPF’s doubling in size since its founding, there was a need to adjust program management costs. This reform caps the amount transferable from donor contributions which will be based on SPF priorities and grant making status.

5. EXTEND THE SPF CLOSING DATEThe original closing date for the SPF was set for September 30, 2016. With this reform, the SPF‘s closing date has been extended by five years. The Fund now offers sufficient time to contribute to the fulfillment of IDA 17 and IDA 18 commitments on FCV, continue current SPF projects and further mainstream FCV work into Bank operations and IDA/IBRD lending.

6. ADVANCE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF GLOBAL FCV-FOCUSED TRUST FUNDSThis reform seeks to improve SPF collaboration with the three other global FCV-focused Trust Funds housed in the FCV Group. It also allows the FCV Group to improve strategic alignment and consolidation with other FCV focused WBG branches such as the International Finance Corporation’s Conflict-Affected States in Africa initiative.

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The aforementioned reforms are guided by a series of principles, centered on: (i) advancing relevant monitoring and evaluation and knowledge and learning activities; (ii) incentivizing multi-sectoral work on FCV across the WBG; (iii) piloting (and capturing knowledge on) fast and flexible operating procedures, and; (iv) Deepening partnerships with a diverse range of clients operating in FCV.

ABOUT THE ANNUAL REPORT

IN 2012 THE SPF CARRIED OUT A MTR with the objective of “assessing the degree to which the SPF has achieved its original objectives and is ‘fit for purpose’ moving forward, given the new ways of working in fragile- and conflict- affected situations and the strategic direction given by the 2011 WDR”. In 2014 the SPF launched its Pilot Monitoring Dashboard, which was one of the principal recommended reforms of the MTR. The 2015 Annual Report builds on the structure of the Pilot report. It is designed to provide critical cross-portfolio information on Fund- and project level progress as well as portfolio trends to SPF clients, contributing development partners, SPF Technical Advisory Committee, task teams, and other partners and stakeholders.

The Annual Report uses the SPF Results Framework (see 2 below) as a foundation for reporting Fund-level progress. This revamped framework was introduced as part of the

SPF’s 2012 Engagement Strategy to guide the selection of both strategic initiatives and stand-alone projects. All SPF proposals are now required to provide a rationale for how the proposed intervention contributes to SPF results. The framework was derived from the SPF’s founding documents and Board Paper as well as findings from the 2011 World Development Report.‘‘

STRUCTURE OF THE ANNUAL REPORT

THE ANNUAL REPORT IS STRUCTURED in a way that captures and disseminates valuable lessons from SPF activities, and allows for mid- course corrections. It is organized in a user-friendly and accessible way around three pillars: Pillar 1 looks closer at SPF results at the fund-level, while Pillar 2 tracks project-level contributions to state and peacebuilding results. The results and reporting in these two Pillars align with the SPF Results Framework and give a comprehensive picture of the overall performance of the Fund. Pillar 3 examines SPF financial and portfolio results. All data presented in the Annual Report has been obtained from standard World Bank documentation and reporting systems, including: project proposals, grant reporting and monitoring reports, independent evaluations, partner reports and interviews with project teams. It also draws heavily from SPF Secretariat monitoring and data systems.

introdu

ction

FIGURE 2: THE SPF RESULTS FRAMEWORK

FUND-LEVEL RESULTS

1.1 Transformative fragility-sensitive

strategy supported

1.2 Partnerships are strengthened

1.3 New approaches to risk and results in

FCV piloted

1.4 Timely support provided for early

confidence building

1.5 Catalytic support provided for institution building

1.6 Contributes RKL for

improved ops

SPF CONTRIBUTIONS TO COUNTRY/REGIONAL LEVEL RESULTS

STATEBUILDING

2.1 More effective, transparent and accountable collection,

management and use of public resources

2.2 Increased access to justice, including capability, accountability,

inclusion in both formal and informal institutions

2.3 Improved capacity for policy formulation, “inclusive-enough pacts” and strategic

communication

2.4 Increase in demand-side governance, including an active

role for civil society and improved state-society relations

2.5 Improved capacity to delivery services to promote

confidence building

3.1 Increased employment opportunities and private sector

development that benefits at-risk populations

3.2 Successfully negotiated and implemented peace and transition

agreements

3.3 Recovery and (re-) integration of conflict-affected populations and increased social cohesion

3.4 Gender-sensitive approaches utilized in transforming institutions

and managing stresses

3.5 Resilience built to manage external stresses, including cross-border violence, resource shocks, trafficking, and organized crime

PEACEBUILDING

4 S T AT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D | 2 0 1 5 A N N U A L R E P O R T

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TRACKING FUND-LEVEL RESULTS

Tracks the SPF portfolio against the results framework’s six Fund-level results. These results represent areas where the SPF seeks to advance the WBG’s response to FCV challenges through e.g. promoting FCV-sensitive strategies, advancing partnerships, piloting new approaches to risk and results, and capturing and disseminating knowledge from pilot initiatives.

PILLAR 1

FINANCIAL AND PORTFOLIO RESULTS

Examines a series of common portfolio indicators, including disbursement rates, project processing speeds, and project-level ratings with the aim of assessing the Fund’s performance.

PILLAR 3

TRACKING PROJECT CONTRIBUTIONS TO STATE AND

PEACEBUILDING RESULTS

Maps how the objectives and outcomes of individual projects contribute to the SPFs ten state and peacebuilding results. Pillar 2 provides an overview of the most common areas of SPF programming and provides some illustrative examples of project-level results.

PILLAR 2

Community Driven Development Exercise in Mindanao, Philippines


TURKEY

SYRIAIRAQ

SAUDI ARABIA

JORDAN

ISRAEL

WEST BANK& GAZA

LEBANON

IRAN

AZERBAIJAN

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZ REPUBLICUZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

TAJIKISTAN

PAKISTAN

INDIA

SRI LANKA

NEPAL

CHINA

BHUTAN

BANGLADESHBURMA

LAOS

THAILAND

CAMBODIAVIETNAM

MALAYSIABRUNEI

INDONESIA

SOLOMONISLANDS

INDONESIA

EAST TIMOR

PHILIPPINES

NORTH KOREA

SOUTH KOREA JAPAN

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

GEORGIAARMENIA

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

BRAZIL

FRENCH GUIANASURINAMEGUYANA

VENEZUELA

COLOMBIA

PANAMACOSTA RICA

HONDURAS

EL SALVADOR

BELIZEGUATEMALA

CUBADOMINICAN REPUBLIC

HAITIJAMAICA

THE BAHAMAS

ECUADOR

PERU

BOLIVIA

PARAGUAY

URUGUAY

CHILE

ARGENTINA

NICARAGUAETHIOPIA

DJIBOUTI

SOMALIAKENYA

UGANDA

RWANDABURUNDI

TANZANIA

REP. OFTHE CONGO

GABON

CAMEROON

NIGERIA

NIGERMALI

BURKINAFASO

GHANACOTEDʼIVOIRE

LIBERIA

SIERRA LEONEGUINEAGUINEA BISSAU

THE GAMBIASENEGAL

MAURITANIA

WESTERNSAHARA

ALGERIA

MOROCCO

LIBYAEGYPT

TUNISIA

TOGO

BENIN

ANGOLAZAMBIA

ZIMBABWE

MALAWI

MOZAMBIQUE MADAGASCAR

COMOROS

BOTSWANA

SWAZILAND

LESOTHOSOUTH AFRICA

NAMIBIA

ERITREASUDAN

SOUTH SUDAN

CHAD

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

BOS. & HER.

CROATIA

ALB.

MONT.

MAC.

LUX.

KOSOVO

1

24

5

34

4

1

2

14

1

6

1

3

4

3

5

3

1

3

4

2

1

3

1

1 21

34

4

1

1

23

AFRICA3

EAST ASIA1

EASTERN EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA REGION

1

CENTRAL AMERICA

3

MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA REGION

1SOUTH ASIA

1

SPF GRANTS, 2008-2016NUMBER OF GRANTS SHOWN IN BOXES

AFRICAEAST ASIA & PACIFIC REGIONEASTERN EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA REGIONLATIN AMERICA & CARRIBBEAN REGIONMIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICASOUTH ASIAWORLD

Since FY13, SPF grant making to Africa and the Middle East has increased sharply, including large investments in Somalia and to respond to the Syrian refugee crisis. The SPF’s portfolio in East Asia and the Pacific, Latin America, and Europe and Central Asia also continues to grow.

KEY NUMBERS

$271

TOTAL SPF VALUE

MILLION 35PROJECTS IN

COUNTRIES

121GRANTS 70.2%DISBURSEMENT

RATE

TURKEY

SYRIAIRAQ

SAUDI ARABIA

JORDAN

ISRAEL

WEST BANK& GAZA

LEBANON

IRAN

AZERBAIJAN

KAZAKHSTAN

KYRGYZ REPUBLICUZBEKISTAN

TURKMENISTAN

AFGHANISTAN

TAJIKISTAN

PAKISTAN

INDIA

SRI LANKA

NEPAL

CHINA

BHUTAN

BANGLADESHBURMA

LAOS

THAILAND

CAMBODIAVIETNAM

MALAYSIABRUNEI

INDONESIA

SOLOMONISLANDS

INDONESIA

EAST TIMOR

PHILIPPINES

NORTH KOREA

SOUTH KOREA JAPAN

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

GEORGIAARMENIA

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

BRAZIL

FRENCH GUIANASURINAMEGUYANA

VENEZUELA

COLOMBIA

PANAMACOSTA RICA

HONDURAS

EL SALVADOR

BELIZEGUATEMALA

CUBADOMINICAN REPUBLIC

HAITIJAMAICA

THE BAHAMAS

ECUADOR

PERU

BOLIVIA

PARAGUAY

URUGUAY

CHILE

ARGENTINA

NICARAGUAETHIOPIA

DJIBOUTI

SOMALIAKENYA

UGANDA

RWANDABURUNDI

TANZANIA

REP. OFTHE CONGO

GABON

CAMEROON

NIGERIA

NIGERMALI

BURKINAFASO

GHANACOTEDʼIVOIRE

LIBERIA

SIERRA LEONEGUINEAGUINEA BISSAU

THE GAMBIASENEGAL

MAURITANIA

WESTERNSAHARA

ALGERIA

MOROCCO

LIBYAEGYPT

TUNISIA

TOGO

BENIN

ANGOLAZAMBIA

ZIMBABWE

MALAWI

MOZAMBIQUE MADAGASCAR

COMOROS

BOTSWANA

SWAZILAND

LESOTHOSOUTH AFRICA

NAMIBIA

ERITREASUDAN

SOUTH SUDAN

CHAD

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

BOS. & HER.

CROATIA

ALB.

MONT.

MAC.

LUX.

KOSOVO

1

24

5

34

4

1

2

14

1

6

1

3

4

3

5

3

1

3

4

2

1

3

1

1 21

34

4

1

1

23

AFRICA3

EAST ASIA1


1

CENTRAL AMERICA

3

MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA REGION

1SOUTH ASIA

1

FIGURE 4: SPF GRANT ALLOCATIONS, BY REGION

The SPF has provided financing to all regions, with Africa (50 percent) and the Middle East and North Africa (20 percent) representing the largest shares

MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

20%

SOUTH ASIA 2% WORLD 3%

AFRICA 50%

EAST ASIA & PACIFIC REGION 9%


8%

LATIN AMERICA & CARRIBBEAN REGION

8%

REGIONALLY FOCUSED/ GLOBAL GRANTSEASTERN EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA REGION 1MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA REGION 1SOUTH ASIA 1EAST ASIA 1CENTRAL AMERICA 3AFRICA 3WORLD 5

pillar 1: promote fcv-sen

sitive strategies

PILLAR OVERVIEW

SPF SUPPORT is premised on a set of founding principles designed to increase state and society resilience to conflict risk. These include promoting fragility and conflict-sensitive strategies; advancing partnerships; providing innovative, and timely project support in response to urgent need; support for institution building; and capturing and disseminating FCV-relevant knowledge. The SPF is also designed to support high-priority state and peacebuilding activities that could not be financed by regular IDA and IBRD resources or that represent pilot approaches with the potential to be brought to scale (see Figure 1 above).

The top tier of the SPF Results Framework (see Figure 5 above) captures these ‘Fund-level’ results and measures the contributions and progress of the SPF as a whole against these principles, which are assessed in-depth in Pillar 1. Key findings of Pillar 1 include the following:

• The SPF operates in 35 countries, across regions and globally, and it brings the ability to address multiple forms of FCV - from sub-national conflict in East Asia to urban crime and violence in Latin America, and cyclical fragility and post-conflict challenges across sub-Saharan Africa.

• The share of financing for projects that are piloting new activities and approaches to FCV challenges is slowly increasing, and is currently at 47 percent.

• Strategic initiatives, packages of support behind a transformative peace or statebuilding strategy, are occupying an increasingly significant portion of the SPF portfolio. Currently, 42 percent of SPF financing is dedicated to projects that are part of a strategic initiative.

• SPF Projects today continue to build on and maintain diverse, complementary and strong partnerships, including with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), United Nations (UN) agencies, government institutions and universities.

• Projects with capacity or institution building components are increasingly common in the SPF portfolio, and constitute 68 percent of all SPF projects.

• 38 percent of SPF projects (measured by value) have a research, knowledge, and learning (RKL) component. The Secretariat and SPF Committee are encouraging an increase in RKL project activities following 2013 Mid-Term Review recommendation on increased investments in RKL.

• 27 percent of SPF grants are categorized as ‘emergency’ or ‘rapid response’.

RESULTS INDICATORS KEY: ON-TRACK MONITOR OFF-TRACK

PILLAR 1 TRACKING FUND LEVEL RESULTS

FIGURE 5: FUND-LEVEL RESULTS

PILLAR II —Tracking State and

Peacebuilding Results

PILLAR I —Tracking Fund-Level Results

PILLAR III —Financial and

Portfolio Results

FUND-LEVEL RESULTS

1.1 Promote FCY - Solution Strategies

1.2 FounderPartnerships

1.5 Strengthen institution

1.3 Take risks and monitor results

1.4 Respond to urgent need

1.6 Capture and Determine

Knowledge

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PROMOTING FCV-SENSITIVE STRATEGIES

THE FLEXIBILITY AFFORDED TO THE SPF allows it to respond to a broad range of FCV challenges in diverse regional and country contexts: • The Africa region (AFR) hosts the largest number of SPF

supported projects, which address multiple and diverse FCV contexts;

• The Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) is the second largest recipient of SPF financing, which tends to focus on service delivery and livelihood development for conflict-affected, displaced and marginalized populations;

• The East Asia and Pacific region (EAP) is the center of SPF initiatives that are geared towards addressing the drivers of sub-national conflict and fragility;

• The Eastern Europe and Central Asia region (ECA) hosts SPF supported projects that are geared towards inclusion, jobs, social cohesion, youth and marginalized populations, and Community Driven Development (CDD);

• The Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC) includes SPF projects which seek to address issues pertaining to post-conflict reconstruction and urban crime and violence; and

• The South Asia region (SAR) does not have a large SPF presence, mainly due to the presence of other large-scale trust funds (e.g. the Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund).

BOX 2: SPF FUND-LEVEL RESULTS AND SAMPLE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

FUND LEVEL RESULT 1.1

PROMOTE FCV-SENSITIVE STRATEGIES

- Number and diversity of FCV-sensitive World Bank strategy and programming support across a variety of country contexts - including preventive, post-crisis, fragile, criminal, sub-national, and regional engagements.

- Investments in strategic initiatives to promote impact of SPF financing on Bank country strategies and portfolios.


FOSTER PARTNERSHIPS

- Degree of diversity in recipients of SPF grants: e.g., government, NGO, regional, and international organizations.

- Percentages of projects that highlight partnership approaches in carrying out activities.- Degree of Fund-level cooperation with international partners on the FCV agenda, including the g7+,

the United Nations, regional institutions.


TAKE RISKS AND MONITOR RESULTS

- Percentage of SPF projects that are “pilots” or test new approaches for FCV settings.- Percentage of projects that highlight new and innovative M&E mechanisms to better capture results.


RESPOND TO URGENT NEED

- Percentage of projects designated as rapid response or emergency- Perceptions of Bank teams on speed of SPF financing and the Fund’s ability to respond to urgent need.


STRENGTHEN INSTITUTIONS

- Percentage of projects that focus on strengthening institutional capacity or legitimacy.- Number of SPF activities that are continued or scaled up through funding from IDA or other Bank

sources or external financing.- Number of projects that leverage co-financing or are coordinated with other funding (e.g. UN

Peacebuilding Fund).


CAPTURE AND DISSEMINATE KNOWLEDGE

- Percentage of project with learning components.- Number and impact of RKL activities that draw lessons from the SPF portfolio.- Cases where lessons from SPF pilot approaches are applied in future Bank engagements.- Number of opportunities provided for cross-portfolio learning, including workshops and exchanges.

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sitive strategies

Figure 6 below shows the absolute distribution of FCV types targeted by SPF projects in each region, as well as globally.

FIGURE 6: FCV CONTEXTS THAT SPF PROJECTS ADDRESS PER REGION IN NUMBER OF GRANTS

BOX 3: REGIONAL APPROACHES TO SPF FINANCING- ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

AFRICA An SPF grant in eastern DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (DRC) supports innovative community-based programming targeted at the prevention and mitigation of Sexual and Gender Based Violence (SGBV). In Casamance, SENEGAL, an SPF project has helped address a longstanding sub-national conflict through local peacebuilding initiatives, and empowering rural communities to reduce conflict drivers.

EAST ASIA & PACIFIC

The SPF is financing two projects in the SOLOMON ISLANDS, the only country in the East Asia and Pacific region on the Bank’s FCV list, in support of mining sector reform and job creation to improve the use of public resources and build citizen confidence. In the Bougainville region of PAPUA NEW GUINEA, the SPF is helping rebuild social capital by enabling inclusive development approaches, and the sustainable management and use of extractive industry revenue.

EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA

Two SPF projects in the KYRGYZ REPUBLIC focus on capacity building activities to promote more effective local governance, and building social cohesion through CDD initiatives. In GEORGIA, SPF financing is geared towards innovative programs for internally displaced populations, as well as youth development and employment schemes, which are common features of SPF financing across the region.

LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN

In HAITI, an SPF grant supported efforts to improve the provision of rural sanitation and water services. The SPF was also a contributor to the Haiti Reconstruction Multi Donor Trust Fund. In COLOMBIA, the SPF supported the third phase of a project designed to help protect the patrimonial assets of internally displaced people, which included the restitution of land, promoting peacebuilding and diminishing the risk of impoverishment.

MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA

In TUNISIA, an SPF grant piloted participatory approaches to job creation through a cash-for-service program for vulnerable households, with the aim of mitigating the socio economic spillover effects of the conflict, which followed the Libyan revolution. SPF transfers to MDTF’s in JORDAN and LEBANON are providing urgent support to mitigate the impacts, mainly on service delivery, of the Syrian refugee crisis on municipalities and host communities.

SOUTH ASIA In NEPAL, the SPF’s has supported a process of political transformation after 10 years of civil war, complimenting the Bank’s “supply-side” statebuilding activities with efforts to strengthen citizen engagement and build civil society and social accountability mechanisms. A newly approved grant in 2015 will address gender based violence in Nepal by building the capacity of local institutions to prevent and respond to the GBV challenge.

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

CYCLICAL FRAGILITY POST-CRISIS SUB-NATIONAL CONFLICT URBAN CRIME & VIOLENCE

35

45

30

4 5

2

11

1 2

9

31

45

3

7

3

19

31 1

4 32

32

AFRICA EAST ASIA &THE PACIFIC

EASTERN EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA

LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN


SOUTHASIA

WORLD

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GRANTS AS A SHARE OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES

A KEY RECOMMENDATION OF THE MTR highlighted the need for the SPF to continue shifting from funding discrete project interventions to financing strategic initiatives: enhanced ‘packages’ of projects in countries or regions that are engaging in, or committed to a transformative strategy to address FCV challenges. These strategic initiatives are built into country programs and strategies, with strong ownership by clients and Bank country teams, and are laying the foundations for enhanced upstream collaboration. The SPF is currently supporting eight strategic initiatives collectively valued US$114.4 million, equaling approximately 42 percent of SPF financing, as illustrated in Figure 7 below.

The absolute number as well as the share of strategic initiatives in the SPF portfolio has risen sharply since their introduction in 2012. Following a slump in FY14-15, the number of new grants that are part of strategic initiatives is also steadily rising. Over the course of the past year, as shown in Figure 8 below, the share of new SPF grants as part of strategic initiatives has reached 62 percent.

FIGURE 8: SHARE OF NEW SPF GRANTS AS PART OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES, OVER TIME

FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0

NOT PART OF SI PART OF SI

92%

38%

23%

58%

38%

8%

62%

77%

42%

62%

Not part of SI, $156.8, 58%

Part of SI, $114.4, 42%

FIGURE 7: SHARE OF SPF GRANTS THAT ARE PART OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES, IN US$ MILLIONS

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sitive strategies

BOX 4: SPF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES

SPF COMMITTEE-ENDORSED STRATEGIC INITIATIVES AMOUNT, US$

1) Supporting peace consolidation in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Piloting activities to inform the design of new IDA operations and the re- alignment of existing bank projects; supporting ongoing policy dialogue and reform initiatives to promote peace and stability. US $4.9 million

2) Supporting peace transformation in Colombia

Strengthening capacity for peace building and planning for a post- peace agreement period by enhancing knowledge services and financing rapid demonstration interventions at the municipal level. US $4 million

3) ECA strategic initiative on fragility and conflict

Promoting a conflict-sensitive approach to world bank strategy and operations in the ECA region to address underlying sources of fragility and violence. US $8.9 million

4) Sudan: consolidating peace and supporting opportunities for participative governance / growth

Supporting economic management and diversification; strengthening local governance and conflict management in areas emerging from conflict. US $21.2 million

5) Strategy initiative for Somalia re-engagement

Providing a solid foundation for the world bank’s expanding re- engagement in Somalia and support for its transition process. Activities focus on public financial management, private sector development, knowledge for operations and ICT, and service delivery.

US $34.8 million

6) Addressing sexual and gender-based violence in fragile and conflict situations

Contributing to sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) prevention and provision of services to survivors; foster south-south knowledge sharing to strengthen client capacity to address SGBV in the DRC, Papua New Guinea, Georgia, and Nepal. US $9.6 million

7) Transforming citizen security institutions in Central America’s northern triangle

Addressing rising urban violence in Central America, combining education, social services, job creation, youth outreach, and judicial activities in an integrated approach to promoting citizen security. US $5.8 million

8) Strategy initiative for the Syrian refugee crisis

Broadening existing SPF activities that seek to mitigate the many adverse impacts of the Syrian refugee crisis as they affect hosting communities in Lebanon and Jordan. US $25.2 million


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FEATURE 1: CENTRAL AMERICA STRATEGIC INITIATIVE

Since 2004, The World Bank has been engaged in citizen security initiatives in Latin America and the Caribbean in order to support the countries in their efforts to protect its citizens from crime or violence (citizen security refers to focusing on the protection of the person as opposed to the state). In April 2012, the World Bank launched the SPF-supported Central America Citizen Security Initiative, which combines education, social services, job creation, youth outreach and judicial activities across the countries of Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala; also known as the Northern Triangle.

The initiative is in direct response to the urban crime and violence that have, for years, had a crippling socio-economic effect on the three countries. The Triangle has the highest homicide rates in the world (on average 70 per 100,000 residents), rampant extortion, communities controlled by youth gangs as well as economic despair and lack of opportunity. A 2010 World Bank study estimated that the crime and violence industry amounted to 7.7 percent of GDP in Guatemala, 10.8 percent in El Salvador and 9.6 percent in Honduras. Even with a lull in violence during the past few years, rates have soared again in 2015.

Led by the World Bank Latin America and Caribbean Citizen Security Program, the Initiative has turned the World Bank into a key player in strengthening citizen security through activities, which prevent crime and violence in the region. With SPF support, each government is today receiving systematic and regionally focused assistance to improve the security and safety of its citizens. SPF support is also designed to fall in line with the World Bank country partnership strategies of each individual country, to ensure consistency in the initiative approach.

In Honduras, the Initiative is increasing capacity to implement an integrated citizen security strategy along with the improved response of local criminal justice institutions, while in El Salvador, it is addressing youth unemployment and helping re-build the social fabric in gang dominated communities. In Guatemala, SPF support has enhanced the capacity of the Vice Ministry of Violence Prevention and its approaches to citizen security. Additionally, the Initiative complements the country-level activities by strengthening knowledge platforms for evidence-based decision making across the Northern Triangle. It promotes opportunities for all three governments to share experiences, knowledge and develop integrated responses to crime and violence at the regional, national and local levels.

THE ROLE OF SPF GRANTS IN COUNTRY STRATEGIES

SPF GRANTS CONTRIBUTE IN DIFFERENT WAYS to the Bank’s overall engagement with FCV affected clients. This includes financing pilot initiatives that can be brought to scale, advancing the Bank’s efforts to address FCV challenges, co-financing grants, and providing crucial funding where no alternative financing is available. Box 5 below contains illustrative examples of the ways in which the SPF projects support such strategies.

Guatemala Police Officer



sitive strategies

BOX 5: VARIED FORMS OF STRATEGIC SUPPORT PROVIDED BY THE SPF- ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

WORLD BANK ENGAGEMENT (NO OTHER PROGRAMMING]

SPF support in SUDAN is enabled as a result of its arrears to IBRD and IDA as well as its FCV status. One of the many SPF supported initiatives in Sudan seeks to generate sustainable livelihoods for displaced people and other vulnerable communities in the eastern regions of Sudan. As a country also in arrears, Bank financing to SOMALIA is also restricted. Because of its flexibility, SPF support lies at the heart of the Bank’s efforts to support the country’s transition and post-conflict recovery process, through its Strategy Initiative for Somalia Re-Engagement.

COMPLIMENTARY CO-FINANCING In the SOLOMON ISLANDS an SPF supported Rapid Employment project is being co-financed by the Bank-administered Pacific Region Infrastructure Facility, and coordinated with the development agencies of Australia and New Zealand, the Asian Development Bank and the European Union (EU). The project has helped the government boost job creation and facilitate community reconciliation. In PAPUA NEW GUINEA the SPF is developing and advancing a community-driven development model to improve access to and the quality of basic services in rural communities, which in turn is being co-financed and scaled up by the government.

ADVANCING THE BANK’S WORK ON FCV ISSUES

Across NEPAL, PAPUA NEW GUINEA, GEORGIA, and the DRC, an SPF supported Strategic Initiative is contributing to the prevention and provision of services to survivors of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). Activities include south-south knowledge sharing to strengthen client capacity to address SGBV. In CÔTE D’IVOIRE, an SPF grant supported young entrepreneurs and urban job creation in response to a rise in youth unemployment. The grant identified new approaches to employment and was able to pre-position the Bank’s promotion of sustainable job creation, entrepreneurship and skills-building over the long-term.

PILOTING AND LEARNING FOR POSSIBLE SCALING-UP

The Community Recovery and Resilience project in the DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO contributed to stabilization efforts in eastern DRC by improving urgent social service delivery and providing development solutions to drivers of fragility and conflict in the east. It also supported experimentation with small projects which were scaled up with IDA funds. Similarly, in IRAQ, the SPF supported Consultative Service Delivery Project has also been scaled up within the Kurdistan Regional Government, through long-term strategy development. The project has contributed to improved social service delivery by way in institutionalizing CDD processes and expanding government-citizen collaboration, and has trained over 100 government officials in CDD approaches.

BUILDING PARTNERSHIPS

STRONG AND DIVERSE PARTNERSHIP are fundamental to ensure more coherent international responses in FCV settings, avoid fragmentation and burden on clients, and focus on comparative advantages at the project and Fund levels. As such, building and maintaining strong partnerships is a critical component of the SPF’s mandate.

Building Varied and Complimentary PartnershipsTHE SPF FOCUSES ON PARTNERSHIPS that are varied and complimentary, utilizing flexible financing procedures and arrangements. It has the ability to use the UN Fiduciary

Principles Accord, and is able to engage with a diverse set of partners and grant recipients. These include government agencies, international and national NGOs, universities and think tanks, as well as regional and international institutions. In exceptional circumstances, such as active conflict or in instances where the capacities of institutions are severely constrained, the Bank is also able to execute activities on behalf of recipients. Figure 9 details the broad range and share of institutions and partners that implement SPF grants.

foster partnerships


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BOX 6: VARIED RECIPIENTS OF SPF GRANTS

UN AGENCIES: Mitigating the Impact Of The Syrian Refugee Crisis In Jordan

At the request of the Government of Jordan, the SPF is co-financing, with the UN Development Programme (UNDP), the Emergency Services and Social Resilience Program, which is supporting the municipalities most affected by Syrian displacement. The SPF is tapping into UNDP’s expertise and presence on the ground to engage municipalities around service delivery and leverage UN and World Bank comparative advantages to strengthen local institutions, community participation and social cohesion initiatives.

NATIONAL NGOs: Southern Thailand: Promoting Peacebuilding in a Middle-Income Context

Together with the Local Development Institute (LDI), a national NGO, the SPF has helped build confidencve between communities and sub-district authorities in conflict-affected provinces of southern Thailand. Drawing on the knowledge and local access afforded to LDI, the grant is helping to reinforce participatory local development approaches and capacity building, thereby creating platforms for exploring governance issues and transformative methods of conflict resolution.

INTERNATIONAL NGOs: ECA Strategy Initiative on Fragility and Conflict

This strategic initiative addresses longstanding and emerging forms of sub-national and regional fragility, with an emphasis on common drivers of conflict in the region. Engagement with the NGO International Alert has guided efforts to mainstreaming conflict and fragility sensitive approaches in Central Asian Development Programs. The Aga Khan Development Network, a global leader in community-based development, co-financed and helped design the initiative’s community development and social cohesion component.

GOVERNMENT AGENCIES: Georgia IDP Community Development Project

This project helped increase opportunities for internally displaced people (IDPs) by improving the project management capacity of Georgia’s Ministry of Refugees and Accommodation. Target communities collectively identified and prioritized development and investment needs, after which the project was able to improve access to basic infrastructure, livelihood opportunities and services.

FIGURE 9: TYPES OF SPF GRANT RECIPIENTS, IN $US MILLIONS

Regional Organization, $2.5, 1%

INGO, $14.0, 5%

Government, $113.8, 42%

MDTF Transfer, $44.0, 16%

NGO $46.4, 17%

UN, $16.2, 6%

Academia, $4.8, 2%

Bank Executed (BE), $4.8, 2%

BE (on behalf of recipient), $14.7, 6%

BE/Program Management, $6.2, 2%

Recipient/Bank Executed

$3.6, 1%



sitive strategies

REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS: Pastoralism & Stability in the Sahel and Horn of Africa

The Intergovernmental Authority on Development and the Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel are both implementing institutions and beneficiaries of this project. It seeks to enhance knowledge on the links between pastoralism, development and stability, and is expected to strengthen these two institutions’ capacity to coordinate the implementation of two larger regional programs in a more conflict sensitive manner.

INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES: Guinea-Bissau Economic Governance Support

Project implementation involved extensive coordination with the International Monetary Fund, African Development Bank (AfDB), and the EU. Reforms supported by the project were instrumental to successfully meeting conditions leading to debt relief in 2010. The AfDB’s budget support operations to Guinea-Bissau were based on achievements facilitated by the project, which had strong synergies with EU-supported public administration reforms.

BILATERAL DONOR PARTNERS: Zimbabwe Agricultural Input Project

This project was financed by the SPF and implemented in partnership with the U.K. Department for International Development alongside other donors and development agencies. The project supported the shift from a humanitarian to a “humanitarian plus development” approach, and involved extensive coordination with the Food and Agriculture Organization’s Emergency Coordination Unit in Harare.

ACADEMIA AND RESEARCH INSTITUTES: Afrobarometer Governance Perception Surveys in AFR

Afrobarometer, an African-led research network, implemented this project in partnership with universities and research institutes across Africa. It centered on perception-based surveys in selected countries across Africa on progress towards peacebuilding and statebuilding. These surveys were designed to inform more responsive governance policies, and to advance sustainable dissemination of data to wide audiences.

Leveraging partnerships through Multi-Donor Trust FundsTHE WORLD BANK IS FREQUENTLY REQUESTED to administer MDTFs in situations of fragility, conflict and violence. MDTF’s can be efficient financing mechanisms to harmonize donor funds, pool risk and reduce the administrative burden on host governments. In recognition of the important role MDTFs can play in the Bank’s response to such situations, the SPF’s founding Board Paper gives the Fund the flexibility to transfer seed funding to support Bank-administered MDTFs in FCV to “ensure the rapid implementation of critical activities and to mobilize additional donor resources” (SPF Board Paper).

However, given the difficulties of operating in fragile environments, designing and implementing MDTFs can be challenging. Limited preparation budgets and slow start

up times, often a result of lengthy mobilization of donor contributions, may in turn impact the ability to respond to emergencies or urgent needs. In recognition of these challenges and the critical role MDTFs can play in the Bank’s response to FCV, they remain an important subset of the portfolio. As such the SPF is continuing its effective mobilization of donor funding, meeting urgent financing gaps and creating early entry points. To date the SPF Committee has approved eight transfers to MDTFs in three regions and five countries, collectively valued at US$44 million as shown in Figure 10 below.


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BOX 6: VARIED RECIPIENTS OF SPF GRANTS

COUNTRY MDTF NAME MDTF OBJECTIVE GRANT AMOUNT

DATE TRANSFERRED

SOMALIA Private Sector Development Re-en-gagement Program (SOMPREP) Phase I

Private Sector Development US$2.2 million 8/10/2011

SOMALIA Private Sector Development Re-en-gagement Program (SOMPREP) Phase II

Private Sector Development US$2.8 million 3/11/2014

JORDAN Emergency Services and Social Resilience Project

Syrian refugee crisis response US$10 million 10/20/2013

HAITI Haiti Reconstruction Fund Post-crisis reconstruction US$2 million 8/10/2011

LEBANON Lebanon Syria Crisis Trust Fund (LSCTF)

Syrian refugee crisis response US$10 million 5/5/2014

SOMALIA Multi- Partner Fund (MPF) Post-conflict reconstruction & devel-opment

US$8 million 8/13/2014

COLOMBIA Peace and Post-Conflict Fund Post-conflict reconstruction & peace consolidation

US$4 million 8/25/2014

ZIMBABWE Zimbabwe Reconstruction Fund (ZIMREF)

Private Sector Development & capacity building

US$5 million 11/19/2014

TOTAL US$44 MILLION

FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16

20

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

NON-MDTF GRANTS MDTF GRANTS

15

19

1213 13

11

1

17

5

13

2

FIGURE 10: NUMBER OF SPF MDTF TRANSFERS, BY FINANCIAL



sitive strategies

Since 2011, the use of MDTFs has helped advance effective and harmonized partnerships with donors and clients, and generated a number of important lessons, including the following: • MDTF transfers have been catalytic in their ability to

catalyze other donor funds: A majority of SPF funded MDTF’s teams have been able to attract additional donor funding. For example, the US$10 million contribution to the Jordan MDTF has leveraged a total of US$44 million from other donors. Even in instances where SPF funding did not directly trigger additional donor funding, quick SPF engagement often sent strong signals of Bank support and confidence in the ability of the MDTF to deliver.

• Timely SPF transfers to MDTF’s generally increase the ability to delivery early, often critical, interventions: Nearly all MDTF’s have been able to deliver early, at times critical, interventions as a result of the SPF’s timely financing mechanisms. Rapid and on-time SPF contributions helped prevent delays (e.g. Jordan) and expedited the launch of MDTFs (e.g. Somalia MPF). They also enabled concrete operational responses in the midst of a worsening refugee crisis (Lebanon, Jordan) and laid the foundation for international re-engagement (Zimbabwe).

• MDTF transfers oftentimes allow for interventions that otherwise wouldn’t be possible: All MDTF transfers have gone to countries with limited or no access to other sources of Bank financing for the proposed activities (e.g. countries in arrears and IBRD countries that would not borrow for crisis response) thus enabling interventions that would not be possible under other circumstances. Beyond this, approximately seventy-five percent of MDTF’s allowed for interventions that came about directly as a result of SPF financing.

• In several cases MDTF transfers have offered the World Bank a ‘seat at the table’ in donor discussions: Five out of seven SPF supported MDTF teams reported that SPF financing brought a ‘seat at the table’ in donor discussions, thereby increasing leverage and decision-making opportunities. Some instances where SFP financing did not result in significant leverage or ability to influence decision-making amongst donors reflect either the relatively small SPF contributions (e.g. Haiti, Somalia MPF) or situations wherein SPF engagement was already established (e.g. Lebanon).

FEATURE 2: THE SPF WORKING IN PARTNERSHIP IN POST-CONFLICT COLOMBIA

Over the past five decades, Colombia has experienced an internal conflict, which drastically impacted life in rural areas, displacing around six million people. Lack of land tenure security and limited records of land ownership still affects around 60 percent of all land property in the country. From 2002 until 2014, the SPF supported efforts to protect displaced persons’ land that was taken during key periods of conflict. The ‘Protection of Patrimonial Assets of Internally Displaced People Project’ helped diminish the risk of impoverishment of IDPs and contributed to the peacebuilding process. It used innovative mapping techniques and inclusive partnership approaches, forming strong alliances among national and local authorities, and affected communities. The methodologies and procedures developed by the project culminated with the creation in 2011 of a Restitution Law, which made mandatory the application of new land protective measures, and helped to influence public land restitution policies.

Post 2014, additional SPF support is being used for the Colombia Peace and Post-Conflict Multi-Donor Trust Fund, which finances a technical assistance and capacity building program to support the implementation of collective reparations within the framework of Colombia’s Victims Law. The fund is helping the government generate specific knowledge products for evidence-based policymaking, provide technical assistance for capacity building and access the financing needed for piloting and scaling-up activities to build confidence in the post-conflict agenda. The SPF’s early contributions to the fund have helped catalyze interest and attract further contributions from donor partners. Further, SPF support is encouraging broader donor support for key investments to build trust and confidence in the overall peace process.

Colombia IDPs


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PILOTING NEW APPROACHES TO RESULTS AND RISK

SPF GRANTS SEEK TO PILOT NEW WAYS of working in fragile and conflict-affected environments. Project cycles are often designed to be flexible enough to adapt to risk, not avoid it, and achieve results in challenging and continuously evolving contexts. An increasing share of SPF financing, currently 47 percent, is allocated to small and flexible grants that explore innovative areas of Bank programming, as illustrated in Figure 11 below.

FIGURE 11: SHARE OF SPF PROJECTS THAT ARE PILOT INITIATIVES OR TESTING NEW APPROACHES,

IN US$ MILLIONS

To capture lessons from such forward-thinking approaches, SPF teams are incorporating innovative Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) components and activities into their projects. Some SPF projects focus in a more direct manner on approaches to capturing and measuring progress in FCV (see box 9).

BOX 9: INNOVATIVE M&E IN THE SPF PORTFOLIO

Data produced by the SPF-supported Afrobarometer project provides feedback on public perceptions and priorities and the quality of government performance in Burundi, Cote d’Ivoire, Niger, Sierra Leone, Togo and Mali. As one of the most respected producers of public attitude research in Africa, Afrobarometer’s findings are underpinning responsive and informed policy making by local and national governments across the continent.

An SPF project in the Philippines has developed a violence conflict monitoring system designed to increase the peacebuilding capacity of the Office of the Presidential advisor on the peace process. The program has enabled the production of real-time analysis of conflict incidence. It aggregates levels and impacts of violence, and explores trends over time. The approach has proved useful to stakeholders in the peace process and has helped improve the M&E capacity of national and regional governments.

The SPF and the Social Development Unit in the ECA region jointly developed a regional M&E framework for youth engagement, outlining individual as well as common indicators of success for six youth development projects implemented across the region between 2007 and 2012. The framework measures performance and generates data to illustrate the effectiveness as well as gaps in particular project designs and strategies, and serves as a tool to inform future youth program design in FCV contexts.

In collaboration with the International Rescue Committee, the Johns Hopkins University implemented a rigorous impact evaluation of a mental health approach called Cognitive Processing Therapy used in an SPF grant on Gender Based Violence (GBV) in the DRC. It identifies cost-effective, scalable interventions that improve the psychological, social, and economic well-being of survivors of sexual violence. The findings of the impact evaluation have also informed the design of a larger IDA-funded project that addresses SGBV in Rwanda, DRC, and Burundi.

No pilot project $130.1, 48%Pilot project,

$128.1, 47%

Other, $12.9, 5%

take risks and monitor results



sitive strategies

FEATURE 3: IMPACT EVALUATION IN FCV- TOWARDS A NEW SCIENCE OF DELIVERY

The World Bank, the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie), and Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) are partnering on a joint initiative to improve and promote tailored and high quality evaluations in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCV). The goal of this joint initiative, Evidence for Peace: Evaluating to Improve Results in Countries Impacted by Conflict, Fragility and Violence (E4P), is to enhance the evidence base on development approaches to peace and statebuilding challenges and to link this with the policy design and management process to achieve better outcomes. The initiative support the development of improved methodologies and data collection tools tailored for FCV environments as well as the design and implementation of a series of impact evaluations on FCV-specific themes such as state and peacebuilding, CDD, and local governance. The goal is a better integration of evaluation methods in the Bank’s and other donors’ programming in FCV as well as into Government-led policy development processes.

The project is also working to create a community of practice on impact evaluations in FCV, generate knowledge products to be used by the Bank and its clients on how to carry out impact evaluations in FCV environments, and promote greater use of such evaluations for evidence-based policymaking in FCV. In the past year, the initiative completed numerous designs of impact evaluations and completed a gap map examining the demand for and supply of impact evaluation evidence on the effectiveness.

RESPONDING TO URGENT NEED

THE SPF IS PRESENT IN A WIDE ARRAY OF FRAGILE ENVIRONMENTS, including crises where speed, simplicity, and flexibility are keys to effective financing. Nevertheless, SPF financing for grants designated “rapid response,” remains somewhat limited and is currently at 27 percent as illustrated in Figure 12 below.

In spite of the limits on financing for emergency grants, SPF project processing remains relatively efficient and able to respond to urgent need, in part as a result of the recent SPF reform process. Today, project teams are subject to strict project implementation timelines. Teams are also benefiting from streamlined guidelines and procedures for recipient-executed grants, thereby making them easier to process. However, factors related to the wider project development process can at times still cause bottlenecks and delays and impact the Bank’s ability to respond rapidly to urgent situations. Pillar 3 of the Annual Report takes a closer look at the particular features and dynamics of SPF project processing.

Regular $198.3, 73%

Emergency, Rapid$72.9, 27%

respond to urgent need

FIGURE 12: SHARE OF EMERGENCY OR RAPID RESPONSE PROJECTS, IN US$ MILLIONS

WB Workshop in Nairobi, Kenya


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Despite occasional challenges and limited financing for emergency or rapid response projects, a number of SPF teams have successfully pushed forward urgently needed projects often with high-level political commitment as well as experienced task teams and implementing partners in place. These include projects that focus on: protection from gender-based violence in DRC, Papua New Guinea, Georgia,

and Nepal; support to the peace process in the Philippines; rapid employment initiatives in the Solomon Islands, and; emergency assistance to mitigate the immediate impacts of forced displacement in Jordan and Lebanon as a result of the Syrian civil war, as illustrated in Feature 4 below.

FEATURE 4: MITIGATING THE IMPACTS OF THE SYRIAN REFUGEE CRISIS IN JORDAN AND LEBANON

The Syrian conflict, now in its fifth year, has generated one of the largest refugee crises in recent memory. As of December 2015, it has generated 4.4 million refugees and caused the internal displacement of at least 6.5 million people. Lebanon and Jordan are receiving the majority of this mass exodus, hosting the highest per capita ratios of refugees worldwide. As a result of the refugee crisis, host communities in both countries are put under immense strain. Pressures are particularly evident at the municipal level where basic services are lacking, unemployment is rife and social cohesion is being undermined. Despite these pressures, the resilience demonstrated of local communities and authorities in both countries to manage such an overwhelming population influx has been remarkable.

Early on in the refugee crisis, World Bank engagement was enabled by a US$2 million grant from the SPF, which resulted in the ‘Mitigating the Socio-Economic Impacts of the Syrian Refugee Crisis’ project which supported assessment work in Jordan and piloted activities in both Jordan and Lebanon to respond to the immediate service delivery needs of both host communities and refugees. The project built capacity and provided technical assistance to relevant line ministries and explored options for livelihood development and youth engagement.

Following an in-depth needs assessment in 2015, municipal service delivery projects were designed in both countries. The SPF provided US$10 million in seed funding to two Multi-Donor Trust Funds, the Lebanon Syria Crisis Trust Fund and the Jordan Emergency Services and Social Resilience Project, to jump start activities and leverage additional bilateral donor contributions. Both projects provide a vehicle for the World Bank to channel international support to host communities through national systems as a complement to humanitarian aid.

The SPF’s early transfer to the Lebanon Trust Fund was critical in providing confidence in the ability of the Fund to deliver and leverage additional contributions from bilateral donors. The Lebanon and Jordan funds also represent the first initiatives of their kind for the World Bank to address host community needs in the context of a large-scale displacement crisis. Results to date include the promotion of local economic development and social cohesion by increasing the data on negative perceptions and incidents of violence, and the timely provision of priority municipal interventions, including maintaining basic services such as water, sanitation and roads.

Syrian refugees in Tripoli, Lebanon



sitive strategies

strengthen institutionsTHE SPF IS A CATALYTIC RESOURCE FOR APPROACHES to statebuilding that promote resilient institutions able to manage the stresses that can increase the risk of conflict and violence. Institution and capacity building are among the most common features of SPF projects. At present, 68 percent of SPF financing is dedicated to projects with an institution or capacity building component.

Approximately 38 percent of the SPF portfolio is made up of legally closed projects. A number of these, mostly smaller grants, are designed to pilot new approaches and build capacity that can later be brought to scale. Box 10 below outlines some examples of now closed projects that have led to follow-on investments by governments or clients, the Bank, and other international partners.

FIGURE 13: SHARE OF SPF PROJECTS WITH INSTITUTION OR CAPACITY BUILDING COMPONENTS, IN $US MILLIONS

FEATURE 5: INNOVATIVE INSTITUTION BUILDING IN THE PHILIPPINES

SPF support to the Philippines has centered on peacebuilding efforts and strengthening the capacity of institutions to successfully be ushered through a precarious transition process. The ‘Encouraging More Resilient Communities in Conflict Affected Areas’ project offered input and assistance to the Office of the Presidential advisor on the peace process and informed the broader policy development process through the building of an innovative system to track and monitor violent incidents. Assistance was also provided for the development of the Bangsamoro Conflict Monitoring System, which tracks the incidents, typography and impact of conflict and violent incidents in real time within the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao. Through the gathering and use of data, the program has enabled the exploration of crucial information and trends, thereby improving conflict mitigation and development programming efforts of national and regional government authorities.

Another innovative component of this SPF project sought to directly build institutional capacity for sustainable development. It included a sub-grant to the Asia Management Institution to train future community leaders in Mindanao; a priority identified in the official Government-Moro Islamic Liberation Front agreements. A related activity sought to inform Post-Conflict institutional arrangements through Bank-executed technical assistance to the peace process. This involved bringing international experts to inform peace negotiations and comparative analysis of international experiences with post-conflict governance arrangements, many of which were produced by Bank staff. Taken together, SPF financing to the Philippines has brought vital input to the overall transition process and implementation of the peace agreement. It has strengthened partnerships and provided timely advisory services in the form of technical assistance- all premised on the 2011 World Development Report framework and recommendations.

No institution or capacity building compnent, $79.7, 30%

Institution or capacity building component,

$185.2, 68%

Other, $6.2, 2%

Community Driven Development Program in Mindanao, Philippines


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BOX 10: CLOSED PROJECTS THAT HAVE BEEN CONTINUED OR SCALED-UP

THAILAND The Piloting Community Approaches in Conflict Situations in Three Southernmost Provinces in Thailand Project developed effective community approaches to local development. Project activities encouraged closer cooperation among different communities, as well as between communities and the state. The project has been continued and expanded to incorporate sub-district authorities through an additional SPF grant. Further, the project’s community-driven development approach has been well received by the government, which is today mainstreaming project activities, and matching funding for these activities at the local and sub-district level.

BOUGAINVILLE/ PNG The initial objective of the Inclusive Development in Post-Conflict Bougainville project in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville was to rebuild social capital in the aftermath of its civil war, particularly as it related to the islands extractive industries. The project enabled the establishment of a system to channel funds directly through women’s groups for development projects selected by the community. Following a successful first round of grant making, the government is now using the structures put in place by the project to channel its own resources to village-level development.

GEORGIA The Georgia IDP Community Development Project supported the Ministry of Refugees and Accommodation in their efforts to implement activities to assist IDPs, in part through the establishment of a project-implementing unit within the Ministry. Project investment needs were demand-driven, which enabled local priorities not otherwise noticed at the central level to be met. The project’s targeted community mobilization has since project closing been replicated in communities elsewhere as has the project management unit within the ministry with support from the EU.

capture and disseminate knowledgeCATALYTIC SUPPORT FOR INSTITUTION BUILDING

THROUGH THE SPF THE WORLD BANK is able to test new and innovative ways of working in FCV. Its research and knowledge strategy furthers this agenda by generating and disseminating operationally relevant knowledge that responds to client demand. The secretariat encourages the incorporation of RKL components in both strategic initiatives and stand-alone projects. Moreover, the SPF also provides small grants for relevant learning activities.

Although Bank-executed knowledge grants are an important part of the portfolio, the SPF remains a predominantly recipient-executed trust fund. Further, while the Secretariat has a mandate to promote RKL activities, it has somewhat limited financial means to do so. Only a small, albeit increasing, share of SPF financing is being allocated to projects with development objectives that exclusively target knowledge capture and exchange (see Figure 14 below).

In 2012, the MTR highlighted the need for increased investments in knowledge and learning, assessment, and strategy development efforts, as well as M&E to improve the

impacts of projects and capture lessons from the portfolio. It found that some progress has been made on promoting RKL, particularly as part of SPF project design, but a comprehensive strategy was needed for RKL that is aligned with the broader Bank efforts to advance learning on FCV response.

Since the release of the MTR, much progress has been made on the broader SPF knowledge and learning agenda. Today 38 percent of SPF financed projects contain at least one RKL component (see Figure 15 below). The SPF Secretariat has focused additional attention on RKL efforts and promoted hands on initiatives to improve the Bank’s operational response in fragile settings. It has e.g. organized knowledge exchange events on subnational conflict and CDD in FCV-affected countries, developing the ‘Evidence for Peace’ initiative to promote more evaluations of state and peacebuilding interventions, and provided small RKL grants from limited Secretariat funds. The Secretariat has also encouraged teams to include RKL components in (recipient executed) projects and as part of strategic initiatives.



sitive strategies

FIGURE 15: SHARE OF SPF PROJECTS WITH AN RKL COMPONENT, IN US$ MILLIONS

PROJECT NAME REGION AMOUNT MAIN ACTIVITY/ AREA OF FOCUS

Afrobarometer Governance Perception Surveys in AFR

AFR $3,212,780 Perception surveys conducted in multiple countries across Africa on issues pertaining to peacebuilding and statebuilding, to inform policy making.

Evaluation of GBV Program in South Kivu, DRC

AFR $38,939 Evaluation of the SPF project on SGBV in DRC; findings informing follow-on work on SGBV globally.

Evaluation of GBV Program in Côte d’Ivoire

AFR $310,000 Evaluation of SGBV projec in Côte d’Ivoire; findings have informed follow-on work on SGBV globally.

Learning from SGBV Prevention

AFR $1,000,000 Learning tour and knowledge exchange on SGBV prevention in Rwanda and DRC with implementing partner representatives from around the world.

Evaluation of the Colombia Protection of Land and Patrimony Assets Project

LAC $31,209 Evaluation of project on land rights and patrimonial assets; findings informed a global knowledge exchange on land reform efforts in FCV settings.

Dialogue Series on Citizen Security in LAC

LAC $200,000 Workshop series on urban crime and violence in LAC, aiming to exchange lessons and contribute to development implementation of a regional strategy.

Youth Employment and Crime and Violence in Central America

LAC $300,000 Developing and testing tools for individual-level measurement of soft skills and mental health, and community-level crime and violence measurement.

Refugee resilience: the role and impact of refugee camps

MENA $130,000 Determining and evaluating the role of refugee camps in contributing to resilience of forcibly displaced people and in accompanying economic integration of refugees.

Emergency Action Plan to Mitigate Power Cuts in the Kurdistan Regional Governorate (KRG) of Iraq

MENA $500,000 Supporting government to develop emergency plan to address power outages in Kurdistan, build stakeholder consensus to implement short-term measures, and identify electricity service reforms.

FIGURE 14: SHARE OF SPF PROJECTS WITH AN EXCLUSIVE FOCUS ON RKL OBJECTIVES, IN $US MILLIONS

Non-RKL Grants$262.6, 97%

RKL Grants, $8.6, 3%

No RKL$168.0, 62%

RKL$103.1, 38%

BOX 11: THE SPF’S RKL PROJECTS


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and Evaluation of Youth Development Projects in Conflict-Affected Areas

ECA $330,706 Knowledge exchange on indicators and M&E methods for measuring progress on youth engagement projects, building on several related projects in the SPF portfolio.

Restoring and Rebuilding Livelihoods through CDD Approaches in Conflict Settings

SA $350,000 Exploring options for livelihood generation in CDD projects in South Asia for broader application to other regions.

Impact Evaluation in FCS – Towards a New Science of Delivery

WORLD $350,000 Evaluation for evidence-based policy making to improve development outcomes in FCV settings.

Assessment of Lessons Learned in Livelihood Rehabilitation for Refugees and IDP’s

WORLD $230,000 Global study on building livelihood development into programming for displaced populations.

Knowledge Exchange and Support for CDD Projects in FCS

WORLD $327,000 Inter-regional WB knowledge exchange to facilitate dialogue on CDD programs in FCS on designing, implementing and sustaining programs.

Building States & Reducing Conflicts through Increased Disclosure in Extractives

WORLD $260,000 Generating operational insights on the link between improved access to and understanding of information, particularly contract data, and mitigation of conflict in resource rich, fragile settings.

Strengthening Health Service Delivery Resilience in FCV Settings

WORLD $1,000,000 Enhancing global knowledge and supporting innovative pilots in FCV settings, strengthening health service delivery resilience in participating countries.

The Secretariat has also promoted several types of

knowledge exchange activities, with limited resources, to further influence how the World Bank does business in FCV settings. Activities include cross-country knowledge exchanges held in Nairobi in 2013 and 2015, on themes such as CDD, MDTFs and sub- national conflict, as well as events held during the World Bank’s annual FCV Forum. The Forum, which is a high profile event bringing together donors,

experts, policy makers and practitioners to discuss a wide range of issues pertaining to conflict and fragility, regularly showcases the SPF’s programmatic and analytical work. The SPF also organizes brown-bag lunches and smaller events, including on results of an SPF project on GBV in DRC, conflict issues in ECA, sub- national conflict in EAP, and a regional event in the LAC region on urban crime and violence, and on social accountability projects in West Africa.



sitive strategies

FEATURE 6: USING HIGH FREQUENCY SURVEYS TO ADDRESS DATA DEPRIVATION IN SOMALIA

A high-frequency survey initiative is helping Somalia leap ahead to bridge gaps in economic and development data. Using a dynamic questionnaire loaded on a smartphone, data on expenditure, price and perception can be collected within 60 minutes of interviewing a household. This innovative approach is part of the SPF supported Somalia Knowledge for Operations and Political Economy Program. The initiative is being conducted in close coordination with the Federal Government’s Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation and the Statistical Departments of the Puntland and Somaliland authorities.

The new approach was developed to deliver required data overcoming lack of security, limited data gathering capacity and budgetary constraints, and avoids the lengthy paper and pencil approach to gathering data. Between October and November 2014, 20 trained Somali enumerators collected data from 1,500 households comprising a statistically representative sample including both residential neighborhoods and camps housing internally displaced people in Mogadishu. Through a cellular network, which was enabled for real-time GPS-based monitoring, data quality was validated “on the fly” and transmitted to a cloud-based server.

Early results show that the data collected was accurate. The findings, which will be disseminated publicly, are helping to shed light on the economy and living conditions in Mogadishu. They are helping Somalia’s development partners understand the actual drivers of poverty, and target their interventions more effectively. The initiative is now being repeated in Mogadishu as well as expanded to other parts of the country including camps for the internally displaced, urban and rural settlements, Somaliland and Puntland. Given the low cost of this approach, the next high-frequency survey in 2016 will measure the impact of peace on livelihoods by collecting consumption data following the peace agreement, which was signed in August 2015.

Beach in Mogadishu, Somalia


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PILLAR OVERVIEW

THE SPF’S MAIN GOAL IS to address state and local governance and peacebuilding needs in FCV. Pillar 2 measures progress toward this objective by mapping project development objectives to the state and peacebuilding results outlined in the SPF Results Framework (see Figure 16 above). It details noteworthy trends in the SPF portfolio alongside illustrative examples of project-level results and project outcomes. Pillar 2 also looks closer at common regional themes in the SPF’s response to FCV challenges, globally, and demonstrates the various ways in which the portfolio contributes to state and peacebuilding objectives. Key findings include:

• The most common areas of statebuilding programming contribute to the delivery of basic services, public confidence in the management of resources, policy formulation, improved state- society relations and responsiveness to the demands of citizens. In this sense there has been much continuity over the course of the past two years, albeit with an increase in programming focused on state- society relations (e.g. southern Thailand) and service delivery (e.g. Jordan, Lebanon and Tunisia).

• As with the SPF’s statebuilding activities over the course of the past two years, there has been a degree of continuity with regards to the portfolio’s peacebuilding programming. The most common programming areas during the reporting period, have contributed to job creation and private sector development (e.g. Kosovo, Somalia and West Bank and Gaza). Other common forms of programming has centered on building resilience to external stress and promoting social cohesion and reintegration of conflict-affected populations.

• The SPF portfolio remains limited in its support to the justice sector as well as in its support to peace processes and implementation, even though the SPF has provided innovative support to the peace processes in Colombia and in Mindanao, Philippines. Similarly, the portfolio remains limited in exploring Bank engagement in the socioeconomic dimensions of peace agreements.

• In FY15 thirteen new grants were approved, focusing mainly on improving local governance and citizen-state relationships in Central Asia, supporting service delivery and pastoralism livelihoods in Somalia, and gender based violence in DRC, Papua New Guinea and Nepal.

• In FY16, the SPF Committee has approved 11 new proposals totaling US$24.7million. These proposals are a coherent and timely set of investments, addressing key fragility, conflict and violence issues such as delivery of justice sector services to Syrian refugees in Jordan, conflict monitoring and planning recovery in eastern Ukraine, and the infrastructure gap in the peripheral regions of the Central African Republic. The SPF portfolio is diverse and typically geared towards addressing the priority drivers of FCV in any given region. In Africa, the largest recipient of SPF financing, projects address issues pertaining to post-conflict recovery and cyclical fragility. Support to the Middle East and North Africa region, the second largest recipient, is focused on the response to the Syrian refugee crisis, and inclusion and citizen engagement issues. In Latin America, SPF activities are focused on urban crime and violence, while sub-national conflict and small-island state fragility is the main focus in East Asia.

BOX 12: DEFINING STATEBUILDING AND PEACEBUILDING

STATEBUILDING efforts strengthen, build, or rebuild institutions

of governance, including: institutions that provide transparent

and accountable management of public finances; invest in

human capital and social development; promote the rule of law;

deliver basic services and infrastructure; and create an enabling

environment for market development.

PEACEBUILDING efforts seek to develop the conditions, values, and

behaviors that foster and sustain social and economic development

that is peaceful, stable, and sustainable. The term incorporates a

broad spectrum of activities, including: recovery and reintegration

of conflict-affected populations and increased social cohesion; the

use of gender-sensitive approaches, and; response to vulnerable

groups. It also encompasses the management of external stresses,

such as trans-national organized crime and cross-border violence.

While there are distinctions between the above activities, the SFP

does not view state and peacebuilding as separate objectives, but

rather as interrelated and complementary processes.





Portfolio Results

P ILLAR 2 TRACKING STATEBUILDING AND PEACEBUILDING RESULTS

2 7S T AT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D | 2 0 1 5 A N N U A L R E P O R T

pillar 2: overview

FIGURE 16: MAPPING PROJECT-LEVEL OBJECTIVES TO THE SPF’S STATE AND PEACEBUILDING RESULTS

The SPF’s five statebuilding objectives center on improving institutional capacity and legitimacy with the aim of increasing resilience to the stresses that increase risk of conflict and violence, while the peacebuilding objectives focus on the reduction and management of these stresses. Figure 17 below shows the number of individual projects that align with each state and peacebuilding result under the SPF Result Framework. Service delivery and social cohesion are the most common areas that projects focus on.

FIGURE 17: MAPPING PROJECT-LEVEL OBJECTIVES TO STATE AND PEACEBUILDING RESULTS

As peacebuilding and statebuilding results tend to overlap, most SPF projects contribute to multiple results, and support several, often interlinked, activities. Box 13 below takes a closer look at sample activities for each state and peacebuilding result.

SPF CONTRIBUTIONS TO COUNTRY/REGIONAL LEVEL RESULTS

STATEBUILDING

2.1 Public Financial Management

2.2 Justice

2.3 Policy Formation

2.4 State-society Relations

2.5 Service Delivery

3.1 Jobs & Private Sector Development

3.2 Peace and Transition Agreements

3.3 Social Cohesion

3.4 Gender

3.5 Resilience to External Stress

PEACEBUILDING

28

12

31

25

40

32

5

39

17

21

RESULTS INDICATORS KEY: ON-TRACK MONITOR OFF-TRACK

Publicfinancial

management, 36

Justice, 21

Policy formation, 34

State society relations, 39

Service delivery, 55

Jobs & private sector development, 47

Peace and transition agreement, 8

Social cohesion, 59

Gender, 24

Resilience to external stress,

32

2 8 S T AT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D | 2 0 1 5 A N N U A L R E P O R T

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BOX 13: SAMPLE ACTIVITIES OF SPF STATEBUILDING AND PEACEBUILDING OBJECTIVES

SPF STATE AND PEACEBUILDING OBJECTIVES

SAMPLE ACTIVITIES

STATEBUILDING RESULT 2.1PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

Public financial management; anti-corruption initiatives; natural resource management

STATEBUILDING RESULT 2.2JUSTICE

Judicial sector capacity building; local-level dispute and conflict resolution mechanisms; human rights protection; human rights commissions; land reform and land rights; reparation for victims of conflict

STATEBUILDING RESULT 2.3 POLICY FORMULATION

Capacity building of government ministries and executive; capacity building of local governance structures; polling; public information campaigns; leadership development

STATEBUILDING RESULT 2.4 STATE-SOCIETY RELATIONS

Civil society and NGO capacity building; social accountability mechanisms; civic engagement programs

STATEBUILDING RESULT 2.5 SERVICE DELIVERY

Delivery of services (infrastructure, health, education, water and sanitation, etc.); CDD programming

PEACEBUILDING RESULT 3.1 JOBS & PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT

Job creation; livelihood creation; micro-enterprise; private sector development

PEACEBUILDING RESULT 3.2 PEACE AND TRANSITION AGREEMENTS

Peace process technical support; conflict and violence monitoring; national dialogue support; local and sub-national inputs to national peace and transition processes

PEACEBUILDING RESULT 3.3 SOCIAL COHESION

Refugee and IDP support; reintegration of ex-combatants and the conflict-affected; community- based programs targeted to serve minority and marginalized populations and increase inter-group trust

PEACEBUILDING RESULT 3.4 GENDER

SGBV prevention and response; programs targeting vulnerable young men; women’s empowerment and leadership programming

PEACEBUILDING RESULT 3.5 RESILIENCE TO EXTERNAL STRESS

Cross-border development programming; urban violence prevention; anti-trafficking programs; food security; disaster response and disaster risk reduction


pillar 2: overview

CONTRIBUTION TO STATEBUILDING RESULTS

Figure 18 below identifies the share of projects that meet each statebuilding goal by fiscal year each grant was activated, and shows that the most common forms of statebuilding programming (in the current financial year, to date) are in the service delivery (objective 2.5) and justice (objective 2.2) sectors.

Figure 19 above maps the total number of grants in the portfolio to the SPF’s statebuilding results. It shows that in spite of the justice sector being one of the most common current statebuilding activities, it remains among the least common areas of SPF programming in the portfolio as a whole. Service delivery remains the most commonly met objective in the portfolio.

FIGURE 19: MAPPING THE SPF PORTFOLIO TO STATEBUILDING RESULTS BY NUMBER OF GRANTS

Publicfinancial

management, 36

Justice, 21

Policy formation,

34

State society relations, 39

Service delivery, 55


12

10

8

6

4

2

0

PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT JUSTICE POLICY FORMATION STATE-SOCIETY RELATIONS SERVICE DELIVERY

FIGURE 18: MAPPING OF SPF PROJECTS TO STATEBUILDING RESULTS, BY FISCAL YEAR GRANT ACTIVATED

statebuilding results


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BOX 14: STATEBUILDING PROJECTS AND RESULTS- ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

STATEBUILDING OBJECTIVE

SAMPLE PROJECTS SAMPLE RESULTS AND PROJECT OUTCOMES

2.1 PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

Somalia: Public Financial Management Capacity Strengthening Project

This project has been critical in the establishment of Somali public sector institutions and putting in place a working Public Financial Management (PFM) system. An early PFM Self- Assessment led to the formulation of a PFM reform strategy and action plan. It also helped the Somali Federal Government of Somalia pilot its new Financial Management Information Systems, and establish a new Chart of Accounts. In addition, SPF assistance supported training of key government staff, and laid foundations for an expansion of the project.

2.2 JUSTICE Jordan: Delivering Legal Aid Services to Displaced Iraqis, Palestinians, and Poor Jordanians

With SPF support, this project has improved access to legal aid services to displaced Iraqis, Palestinians and Poor Jordanians. While implementation is ongoing, progress has been made through the provision of legal information, counseling and representation services through legal aid centers. The services provide a mechanism for poor and vulnerable persons, such as refugees, to understand and advocate for their basic social and economic rights and in so doing, gain access to other social benefits. Further, the project has helped create public awareness and improved case management systems at the SPF supported legal aid centers.

2.3 POLICY FORMULATION

Somalia: Private Sector Development Re-engagement Program Phase II

The Private Sector Development Re-engagement Program for Somalia Phase II program set out to improve access to markets and generate employment in key productive and service sectors. In addition to boosting Somalia’s investment climate, developing Public Private Partnerships and value chain development, the program helped strengthen the banking and legal frameworks in accordance with international standards. It also helped develop employment policies and laid the foundations for economic sector policies through a comprehensive political economy study.

2.4 STATE-SOCIETY RELATIONS

Thailand: Expanding Community Approaches in Conflict Situations in the Three Southernmost Provinces

This project is developing effective approaches to local development in a middle-income country affected by sub-national violence. By gaining knowledge, local understanding and building trust among authorities and stakeholders, the project is helping improve more accountable collection, management, and use of public resources. The project has spurred an increase in demand-side governance, engaging civil society and community efforts to improve state- society relations in a volatile environment. It has also improved policy formulation capacity among local and district governments.

2.5 SERVICE DELIVERY

Tunisia Participatory Service Delivery for Reintegration

In Tunisia, this SPF project piloted participatory approaches to social service delivery and job creation through a cash-for-service program for vulnerable Tunisian households. The project contributed to fostering social cohesion and stabilization among disadvantaged populations following the country’s 2011 revolution, while also mitigating the socioeconomic risks faced by Tunisians fleeing civil strife in neighboring Libya. It also provided a basis for input to the country’s post-revolution Bank partnership strategy.

SPF Project Beneficiaries in Gamboula, Central African Republic


pillar 2: overview

CONTRIBUTION TO PEACEBUILDING RESULTS

THE PEACEBUILDING OBJECTIVES OF GRANTS activated to date are somewhat varied and evenly spread, as demonstrated in Figure 20 below, which identifies the share of projects that meet each peacebuilding goal by fiscal year each grant was activated. The most common peacebuilding objectives met by projects made effective in FY16 (and in FY15) include social cohesion (objective 3.3) as well as jobs and private sector development (objective 3.1). Figure 20 also shows that support for peace and transition agreements (objective 3.4) has, consistently over time, been the least common feature of the SPF’s peacebuilding programming.

peacebuilding results

FIGURE 20: MAPPING OF SPF PROJECTS TO PEACEBUILDING RESULTS, BY FISCAL YEAR GRANT ACTIVATED

Figure 21 maps the total number of grants in the portfolio to the SPF’s peacebuilding results. Overall, the most common peacebuilding activities supported by the SPF center on building social cohesion (objective 3.3) as well as promoting job creation and private sector development (objective 3.1).

FIGURE 21: MAPPING OF SPF PORTFOLIO TO PEACEBUILDING RESULTS


14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

JOBS & PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL COHESION RESILIENCE TO EXTERNAL STRESS PEACE & TRANSITION AGREEMENTS GENDER

Jobs & private sector development, 47

Peace and transition

agreement, 8

Social cohesion, 59

Gender, 24

Resilience to external stress, 32


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BOX 15: PEACEBUILDING PROJECTS AND RESULTS- ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES

PEACEBUILDING RESULT SAMPLE PROJECTS & RESULTS

3.1 JOBS AND PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT

Abraham’s Path: Economic Development Across Fragile Communities The Abraham trekking path follows the historical footsteps of the religious figure across the Middle East. In the West Bank it is a popular tourist destination and a vital economic asset to shops, guesthouses, restaurants and other businesses in 53 often-rural communities. In partnership with Masar Ibrahim Al Khalil, a national NGO, the SPF is helping to develop and promote the path as a catalyst for socioeconomic development and social cohesion. SPF support focuses on improving the lives of women and youth in particular, and offers tour guide certifications, hospitality training, and the creation of practical and promotional resources. The project has so far trained nearly 300 community members in different tourism activities and benefited more than 800 locals. It has also created partnerships between local councils and associations, youth and women’s groups and NGOs.

3.2 PEACE AND TRANSITION AGREEMENTS

Sudan: Peacebuilding for Development SPF financing for this project, helped promote peaceful coexistence in the South Kordofan, Blue Nile and Darfur states of Sudan by tackling livelihoods-related causes of conflict. Working with civil society and community business organizations, the SPF used conferences to rally divergent groups to enhance peaceful co-existence and development along livestock migration routes. The project helped demarcate 7 migration routes spanning 875 kilometers, provide 40 water points, and construct 12 multi-purpose development centers, availing training and resources for income generating activities for nearly 1200 women, youth and IDP’s. Since the route demarcation, no incidents of violent conflict have been reported, which has encouraged the government and local and international partners to co-finance, with the SPF, a second phase of the project, which is currently under implementation.

3.3 SOCIAL COHESION Jordan and Lebanon- Mitigating the Socio Economic Impact of Syrian Displacement In Jordan and Lebanon, together with international donor partners, the SPF is funding programs to mitigate the most urgent service delivery needs and development priorities of municipal authorities. Through the maintenance of basic services such as water and sanitation, and community oriented economic initiatives, municipal authorities have been able to promote local development and social cohesion between host communities and authorities, and vis-à-vis refugee populations. SPF financing was provided at an early stage of the refugee crisis, and helped inform program design, co-financing and the expansion of project activities in both countries.

3.4 GENDER Addressing GBV in South Kivu, DRCSPF financing for this project enabled the provision of basic services to nearly 4,000 GBV survivors. It allowed for the building of a referral system between community organizations and service providers as well as partnerships with community members who lead advocacy and community awareness sessions on GBV. The project also provided medical, legal, and psychosocial assistance to GBV survivors in 65 sites in South Kivu. It helped empower 28 community organizations supporting women, encouraged local leaders to improve safety and well-being of women, and successfully advocated for policies promoting their protection, such as ‘free medical certificate for victims of rape’ pursuing legal action against attackers.

3.5 RESILIENCE TO EXTERNAL STRESS

Zimbabwe: Agricultural Inputs Project SPF support came in response to a request from the Government of Zimbabwe for support in improving food security for the most vulnerable farming households during a drought in 2010. The SPF response was a one-time intervention to alleviate the food crisis, and supported national efforts, while taking into consideration the fragile context in which it operated. Through the provision of nitrogen-based fertilizer to smallholder farmers, and in partnership with fourteen NGOs, the project managed to reach 138,500 beneficiaries in 20 districts. It also helped foster agricultural input market linkages between fertilizer suppliers and rural retail outlets, and helped increase donor harmonization efforts.

Fishing Fleet in Mindanao, Philippines 3 3S T AT E A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G F U N D | 2 0 1 5 A N N U A L R E P O R T

pillar 2: overview

AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA REGION

THIS SECTION TAKES A CLOSER LOOK AT THE REGIONAL ALIGNMENT of the SPF portfolio with state and peacebuilding results. The figures and boxes below provide a snapshot of regional focus areas and programs, and the types of results targeted by SPF projects. While the SPF portfolio is diverse, SPF financing typically addresses the priority drivers of FCV in any given region, including: cyclical fragility in Africa; urban crime and violence in Latin America; sub-national conflict in East Asia, and; refugee crises in Middle East and North Africa.

R E G I O N A L F O C U S A N D D I S T R I B U T I O N O F S T A T E B U I L D I N G A N D P E A C E B U I L D I N G O B J E C T I V E S

FIGURE 22: THE RELATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECT STATEBUILDING OBJECTIVES

FIGURE 23: THE RELATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECT PEACEBUILDING OBJECTIVES

SPF CONTRIBUTION TO STATE AND PEACEBUILDING RESULTS

AFRICA MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICABOX 16 BOX 17

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%AFRICA

34%

17%

17%

5%

27%

44%

16%

16%

12%

12%


PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT JUSTICE POLICY FORMATION

STATE-SOCIETY RELATIONS SERVICE DELIVERY

JOBS & PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PEACE & TRANSITION AGREEMENTS

SOCIAL COHESION GENDER RESILIENCE TO EXTERNAL STRESS

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%AFRICA

19%

15%

28%

6%

31%


24%

12%

41%

24%

AFRICA REMAINS THE LARGEST recipient region of SPF financing, which has

continued to increase in the course of the past year. SPF programming in Africa

includes a focus on supporting diverse country contexts, including: countries

in arrears with no access to other sources of Bank financing (Somalia, Sudan,

Zimbabwe); countries with limited IDA (Guinea-Bissau, CAR), and; projects that

pilot innovative approaches to inform future IDA investments (Liberia, DRC). The

nature of SPF support to the Africa region is also diverse. It is geared toward

addressing a diverse range of challenges associated with conflict and fragility,

and is in part channeled through three strategic initiatives. These initiatives

provide support to early institution building and conflict recovery priorities in

Somalia, and investments to encourage peace consolidation in eastern DRC,

including pilot projects for job creation, CDD, and management of natural

resource wealth. They also include a strategic initiative for Sudan, which focuses

on public financial management and budget transparency as well as livelihood

development and pastoralism. The distribution of project financing in Africa

over the course of FY15, which was comparable to FY14, has been dedicated to

improving service delivery job creation and livelihood development for conflict-

affected populations with a slight increased share in spending afforded to PFM

activities and building resilience to external stress. The most recently approved

SPF projects in Africa meet similar state and peacebuilding objectives, and all

focus on areas pertaining to service delivery as well as jobs and social cohesion.

SPF FINANCING to the MENA region has centered on the response to the Arab

Spring transitions and the Syrian refugee crisis in particular. Programming in

MENA includes a focus on countries that cannot access other sources of financing

for FCV response, such as West Bank and Gaza, which is not a World Bank member,

and Jordan, Lebanon and Libya as these countries would not borrow from IBRD for

FCV- related activities. SPF support to the region also includes pilot programming

with the potential to be brought to scale, e.g., financing for participatory service

delivery in Tunisia and CDD models in Iraq.

As a whole, the MENA region remains the second-largest recipient of SPF funding,

which includes US$20 million in SPF transfers to MDTFs in Lebanon and Jordan

to help host communities and municipalities address the immediate economic

and service delivery impacts of the Syrian refugee crisis. Around 44 percent of

projects in the MENA portfolio consists of activities that focus on service delivery

(and CDD for conflict-affected populations), which also remains the most common

statebuilding objective for the newest statebuilding projects in the region. Other

common areas of peacebuilding programming in the region focus on social

cohesion, policy formulation to support improved governance and livelihood

development for conflict-affected and marginalized populations.


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LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC



IN 2015 THE EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC REGION overtook LAC as the third-largest

recipient of SPF financing, which remains focused on addressing challenges

pertaining to shared prosperity in middle-incomes countries, as well as conflict

at the sub-national level in Philippines and Thailand. SPF financing to the region is

also focused on responding to fragility in small island states, including the Solomon

Islands and Papua New Guinea. The bulk of this support is designed to address

sub- national challenges through e.g. technical assistance to peace processes,

increased civic participation, improved national-local dialogue, and capacity

building of local-level governance institutions and civil society organizations. The

SPF’s EAP portfolio also includes projects designed to improve the management of

natural resources, CDD, and job creation, notably in the Solomon Islands and Papua

New Guinea. In addition, over the course of the past year the EAP region has seen

an increase in gender programming and project activities that focus on improving

state-society relations.


OVER THE COURSE OF THE PAST YEAR the Latin American and Caribbean Region

has become the fourth-largest recipient of SPF financing. The LAC portfolio

includes two SPF strategic initiatives, one of which is dedicated to support peace

agreement implementation and victims’ reparations and land reform in Colombia,

and builds on earlier SPF grants. The other is focused on citizen security and

urban violence prevention in Central America.

Together, these strategic initiatives and the projects they are made up of

have directed SPF statebuilding programming In the region toward justice

related activities (54 percent), mainly focusing on land policy reform, and

access to justice in urban crime prevention efforts in Colombia. The SPF also

has a service delivery project and provided an early MDTF transfer to support

reconstruction efforts in Haiti, the only country in the region classified by the

World Bank as a fragile state. SPF projects in Central America and Colombia are

pilot initiatives with the potential for scale-up through government, IDA, IBRD,

and other donor financing. Peacebuilding activities in LAC are largely centered

on building resilience to external stresses (46 percent), with themes tackled by

SPF supported projects including cross-border drug trafficking and illicit financial

flows. 38 percent of SPF peacebuilding activities in the region also focus on issues

pertaining to social cohesion.

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN

EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFICBOX 18 BOX 19

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%EAST ASIA &THE PACIFIC

LATIN AMERICA &THE CARIBBEAN



14%

34%

31%

3%

17%

15%

8%

23%

54%



100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%EAST ASIA &THE PACIFIC

LATIN AMERICA &THE CARIBBEAN

5%

19%

38%

5%

33%

46%

38%

15%


pillar 2: overview

EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA SOUTH ASIA

SPF ACTIVITIES IN THE SOUTH ASIA REGION REMAIN LIMITED, albeit growing, mainly

due to the presence of other large-scale country-based trust funds, notably the

Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund and a Multi-Donor Trust Fund in Pakistan.

The SPF is currently financing a small knowledge and learning grant in South

Asia on livelihood generation as part of CDD programming in conflict- affected

areas in the region. In Nepal, the SPF’s Program to Promote the Demand for Good

Governance supported a process of political transformation after the country’s

civil war. This project complimented the Bank’s “supply-side” statebuilding

activities with efforts to strengthen citizen engagement and build civil society and

social accountability mechanisms. Most recently, the SPF has begun to expand

its presence in Nepal with a focus on gender-based violence prevention and

response.


IN THE EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA REGION, SPF grants support activities

that meet a wide variety of state and peacebuilding objectives. However the bulk

of SPF financing in the region is dedicated to support for the provision of basic

services and building social cohesion. The latter objective has seen a marked

increase over the past year, and today accounts for nearly half of the SPF’s

peacebuilding activities in the region.

Most SPF programming in the region is centered around the ECA Strategic

Initiative on Conflict and Fragility, which focuses on youth engagement, piloting

CDD to increase social cohesion, and improving state-society relations, including

through the building of local governance systems. This includes youth engagement

pilots in the North and South Caucuses and CDD and social cohesion pilots in the

Kyrgyz Republic. The portfolio also targets marginalized and under-represented

group such as IDPs and ethnic minorities for service delivery and job creation.

The SPF-supported Georgia IDP Community Development project, for example,

increased livelihood opportunities, access to services, and basic infrastructure

for IDPs in 40 target communities, while the newest project addresses conflict

response, monitoring and recovery issues in Ukraine.

EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA

SOUTH ASIABOX 20 BOX 21



100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%EASTERN EUROPE &

CENTRAL ASIASOUTHASIA



39%

22%

11%

17%

11%

14%

43%

14%

29%



100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%EASTERN EUROPE &

CENTRAL ASIASOUTHASIA

5%

19%

48%

10%

19%

33%

67%


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PILLAR OVERVIEW

PILLAR 3 TAKES A CLOSER LOOKS at the SPF’s financial and portfolio status, which is assessed against a series of common World Bank indicators. These include project approvals, commitments, disbursements, project processing timelines, and project ratings. In so doing, Pillar 3 is able to identify noteworthy trends or changes that occurred over the past year, as well as the financial health of the Fund. Key findings include:

• By the end of December 2015, the SPF had approved 121 grants and 8 MDTF transfers valued at approximately US$271 million.

• In 2015 SPF experienced a curb in the approval of new grants and lower Bank contributions. This reduction came after a spike in grant making in 2014 that saw particularly high demand from Africa (Somalia’s transition) and the Middle East (Syrian

refugee crisis). In total, 26 new grants have been approved since the beginning of FY15.

• The SPF’s overall disbursement rate, including MDTF transfers is currently 70.2 percent.

• On average, SPF projects take 11 months to move from SPF Committee approval to first disbursement of funds due to a variety of internal as well as external bottlenecks, which are now being addressed as part of the SPF reform process.

• 98 percent of SPF projects have ratings of satisfactory or moderately satisfactory. Several grants are too early to report and two projects remain ‘stalled’ with long delays in project start-up due to a combination of country-specific developments (political changes and crises) and challenges with program management.

spf financial status

SPF FINANCIAL STATUS

THE SPF WAS ESTABLISHED IN 2008 with an initial pledge of US$100 million over three fiscal years (2009-2012) from the World Bank. Ever since, the SPF has received annual contributions from the IBRD as a grant-making facility that is a “below-the-line”, or separate, component of the Bank’s administrative budget. Between FY09 and FY16 to date, World Bank contributions to the SPF amount to over US$212 million, as illustrated in Figure 28 below, which represents approximately 78% of donor financing to the Fund. These contributions have been complemented by an additional US$59 million in financing from bilateral donors, which include Australia, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Total contributions to the SPF currently amount to approximately US$271 million.

FIGURE 28: SPF CONTRIBUTIONS BY DONORS FY09-FY16, IN US $ MILLIONS





Portfolio Results

P ILLAR 3 FINANCIAL AND PORTFOLIORESULTS

$240,000,000

$220,000,000

$200,000,000

$180,000,000

$160,000,000

$140,000,000

$120,000,000

$100,000,000

$80,000,000

$60,000,000

$40,000,000

$20,000,000

0WORLD NETHERLANDS NORWAY AUSTRALIA DENMARK SWEDEN UK GERMANY BANK


pillar 3: overview

FIGURE 29: SPF CONTRIBUTIONS BY DONORS FY09-FY16, IN %

As part of the new WBG Strategic Planning and Budgeting process, the Grant Making Facility has been phased out so as to better align the WBG budget with corporate priorities and the twin goals of ending poverty and promoting shared prosperity. The World Bank contributed US$46 million to the SPF for FY15-16, with pledge commitment for additional $14 million in FY17. The Bank will consider any future contributions to the SPF as part of the strategic budget process.

SPF GRANT MAKING TO DATE, THE SPF HAS APPROVED 121 GRANTS and MDTF transfers for a total of US$271 million, which includes over US$6 million allocated to Secretariat costs. Figure 30

below shows new grant and MDTF approvals by fiscal year for each region. Between FY09 and FY12, the average yearly approval of grants was approximately US$34 million, which was followed by a decrease in grant making during FY13 as the SPF carried out its MTR and revised the strategic directions for the Fund. FY14 saw a spike in grant making, partly as a result of the implementation of the MTR’s recommendations and the expansion of Strategic Initiatives. High demand for grant financing, notably from teams working to support Somalia’s transition, and helping the Lebanese and Jordanian Governments mitigate the impacts of the Syrian refugee crisis, also played a role. The largest share of new financing (approved in FY16) is supporting projects in Africa and valued above $US14 million.

FIGURE 30: NEW GRANTS BY REGION FY09-FY16, IN US$ MILLIONS

World Bank 78%

Netherlands 5%

Norway 5%

Australia 3%Denmark 4%

Sweden 2% UK 2%Germany 1%


$160

$140

$120

$100

$80

$60

$40

$20

$0

AFRICA EAST ASIA & THE PACIFIC EASTERN EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN

MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA SOUTH ASIA WORLD


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FIGURE 31: SHARE OF SPF FINANCING TO COUNTRIES WITH LIMITED/ NO ACCESS TO OTHER BANK INSTRUMENTS, US$ MILLIONS6

LOOKING AHEAD AND PIPELINE

DEMAND FOR SPF FINANCING greatly exceeds available funds. As of the end of July 2014, the SPF pipeline is US$45 million, and the World Bank has pledged US$25 million in new funds for FY15. The SPF pipeline includes strategic initiative projects (for Somalia, eastern DRC, and GBV) and urgent need grants (applications are pending, for example, from Zimbabwe, for regional response in the Sahel, and for West Bank and Gaza), including MDTF transfers.

DISBURSEMENTS

AS THE SPF PORTFOLIO HAS MATURED, disbursements have steadily increased. This trend has been consistent with the Bank’s IDA portfolio in fragile and post-conflict settings, characterized by capacity constraints and difficult operating environment that affect the initial pace of project initiation. Figure 28 shows project disbursements by fiscal year. The SPF is currently 66 percent disbursed, including MDTF transfers.

FIGURE 32: PROJECT DISBURSEMENTS BY FINANCIAL YEAR, IN US$ MILLIONS

6 Total project management financing amounts to US$8.4 million, while allocations as of Dec. 30, 2015 equal US$6.2 million

LISCs/MICs with IDA/IBRD access (innovative pilots to influence larger investments), $90.6, 33%

Countries with limited / no access to other Bank instruments, $180.6, 67%

LICSs with limited / no access to IDA, $118.7, 44%

MIC Special cases, $39.5, 15%

Regional / global initiatives, $16.2, 6%

SPF Project Mgt, $6.2, 2%

30,000,000

25,000,000

20,000,000

15,000,000

10,000,000

5,000,000

0FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16

$1.4

$6.5

$20.8

$26.4

$23.3

$26.8$26.3

$13.4


pillar 3: overview

spf projects– processing, implementation and ratings

SPF PROJECTS—PROCESSING AND IMPLEMENTATION

SPF PROJECTS TAKE ON AVERAGE 11 MONTHS to move from Committee approval of funding to first disbursement of funds and early implementation. Delays most commonly occur in the project preparation and early implementation phases, and are often related to internal Bank processing. External factors can also contribute to delayed project processing and implementation in instances where the implementing partner or government capacity are weak, or in contexts of challenging political and security conditions. Similarly, the quality of project design and the experience levels of task team leaders can also have an impact. SPF teams have pointed to issues related to the timeliness of SPF grant making, including: confusion over procedures for trust fund processing; differences in processing steps across regions; lack of experience among safeguard, legal, procurement, and financial management staff in tailoring reviews to FCV contexts; proliferation of regional review requirements that have added extra layers to processing; and turnover of task team leaders. SPF task teams also reported insufficient Bank budget resources for project preparation and supervision, particularly important in low-capacity and highly volatile FCV environments. The SPF portfolio has experienced a significant turnover of task team leaders. Figure 33 below shows that nearly 50 percent of project TTLs have at some point changed. In some cases, this has in some cases led to delays in project implementation.

In 2012 new guidelines for processing small recipient-executed trust funds were introduced with the intention of bringing trust- funded operations within the Bank’s

mainstream quality control processes. SPF Task Teams faced difficulties in navigating the new guidelines and per MTR findings, pointed to delays and bottlenecks in the review and approval process. As shown in Figure 35 below, these timelines have shortened significantly in recent years as the small RE grant instructions have been revised, clarified and simplified and the Secretariat and Committee have supported teams through the project cycle. Following the FY15 SPF reform process, the Secretariat has taken further steps to simplify the SPF grant approval process in line with the new small recipient-executed guidelines and enforce stricter processing timelines. The Secretariat has also introduced top-up matching grants of $50,000 dollars for preparation, supervision and communication to ensure task teams have access to additional resources to efficiently operate in complex environments.

AVERAGE MONTHS BETWEEN COMMITTEE APPROVAL AND GRANT AGREEMENT 6.1 MONTHS

AVERAGE MONTHS BETWEEN GRANT AGREEMENT AND FIRST DISBURSEMENT 4.5 MONTHS

AVERAGE MONTHS BETWEEN COMMITTEE APPROVAL AND FIRST DISBURSEMENT 11 MONTHS

BOX 22: TIMELINES FOR SPF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

FIGURE 33: TURN-OVER OF TASK TEAM LEADERS, IN PERCENT

No Change 54%

Change 46%


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FIGURE 34: SPF PROJECT PROCESSING AND IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINES BY REGION IN DAYS

FIGURE 35: SPF PROJECT PROCESSING AND IMPLEMENTATION TIMELINES BY FISCAL YEAR IN DAYS

The SPF Secretariat not only assists teams in developing grant proposals, it also supports teams throughout the implementation process. To do this the SPF Secretariat collaborates with central units, such as the Bank’s central trust fund unit. Also, the Secretariat works closely with the Operational Solutions Team to provide just-in-time support in cases where teams face challenges such as project bottlenecks in the effectiveness of grants, implementation, and reporting,

or developing FCV-appropriate results frameworks. In other cases the Secretariat works with task teams to restructure projects to adapt to changing dynamics on the ground. The SPF Secretariat has offered FCV trainings and clinics for SPF teams, including the design and implementation for the Africa Region of new training modules for managing trust-funded projects in FCV.

SPF PROJECT RATINGS AND REPORTING

THE SPF SECRETARIAT REQUIRES TASK TEAM LEADERS to report periodically to the SPF Secretariat on the implementation status of their project. This includes an annual report on project implementation progress as well as a mid-term review. The Secretariat also supports teams to develop sound results frameworks at project design stage, using lessons learned and indicators appropriate for FCV settings that, for example reflect low-capacity environments, or what realistically can be achieved in FCV environments. In addition, the Secretariat participates in mid- term reviews and has joined in multiple mid-term review missions on a continuous basis.

The SPF uses the standard World Bank Group rating system to evaluate project performance. Projects are rated on a six-point scale ranging from Highly Satisfactory to Highly Unsatisfactory. A full explanation of each rating category is in Box 23 below.

98 percent of reporting SPF projects have been rated either satisfactory or moderately satisfactory. One project in Nigeria has a moderately unsatisfactory rating due to implementation and design challenges. Several projects were recently approved and thus are too early to rate, while two projects remain ‘stalled’ with long delays in project start-up due to a combination of country contextual factors, as well as program management difficulties. The Secretariat is continuously seeking to improve portfolio tracking and attain more regular reporting from project teams, as well as more direct links to the SPF Fund-level results framework.

As the analysis and presentation of data and becomes further refined, based on user feedback, the annual report will be able to continue to improve and support portfolio management and track results at the project-level. It will also help improve the reporting practices and monitoring capacity of the SPF Secretariat, the SPF Committee, task teams, clients, donor partners and the wider SPF community.

AVERAGE OF COMMITTEE APPROVAL - GRANT AGREEMENT

AVERAGE OF GRANT AGREEMENT - FIRST DISBURSAL

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15

140.5

188

130.5

185

174.8

219

155

350

134

17671

70

71

70

88

79

AVERAGE OF COMMITTEE APPROVAL - GRANT AGREEMENT

AVERAGE OF GRANT AGREEMENT - FIRST DISBURSAL

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

136

210

103.5

207

100.2

110

176

182.25

161

160

144

67.5

AFRICA EAST ASIA &THE PACIFIC

EASTERN EUROPE &

CENTRAL ASIA

LATIN AMERICA & THE

CARIBBEAN


SOUTHASIA


pillar 3: overview

RATING RATIONALE

HIGHLY SATISFACTORY There were NO SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its efficiency or its relevance

SATISFACTORY There were MINOR SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its efficiency or its relevance

MODERATELY SATISFACTORY There were MODERATE SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its efficiency or its relevance

MODERATELY UNSATISFACTORY There were SIGNIFICANT SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its efficiency or its relevance

UNSATISFACTORY There were MAJOR SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its efficiency or its relevance

HIGHLY UNSATISFACTORY There were SEVERE SHORTCOMINGS in the operations achievement of its objectives, in its efficiency or its relevance

BOX 23: THE WORLD BANK GROUP RATING SYSTEM

FIGURE 36: RATINGS OF SPF PROJECTS REPORTING, IN PERCENT

FIGURE 37: OVERALL STATUS OF SPF PORTFOLIO RATINGS, IN PERCENT

Moderately Satisfactory 32%

Moderately Unsatisfactory 2%

Satisfactory 66%

Moderately Satisfactory 20%

Moderately Unsatisfactory 1%

RKL 8%Satisfactory 40%

SPF Sec 1%Stalled 2%

Too early 14%

Other 5% Delayed start 1%MDTF 8%

Meeting on Institutional Strengthening Agreement, Mindanao, Philippines


ANNEX SPF GRANT L IST

WB REGION COUNTRY PROJECT

GRANT AMOUNT USD

AFR Central African Republic Safe and Reliable Public Electricity Project $2,250,801.02

AFR Central African Republic Local connectivity emergency project $4,900,000.00

AFR Cote d’Ivoire Young Entrepreneurs and Urban Job Creation $2,500,000.00

AFR Cote d'Ivoire Strengthening communication and transparency for governance reform $1,400,000.00

AFR Cote d’Ivoire Protection from Gender-Based Violence $2,044,473.81

AFR Cote d’Ivoire Evaluation of Gender Based Violence Program in Côte d Ivoire $310,000.00

AFR Democratic Republic of Congo Community Recovery and Resilience Pilot $4,900,000.00

AFR Democratic Republic of Congo Addressing Gender Based Violence in South Kivu $1,984,787.00

AFR Democratic Republic of Congo Evaluation of GBV Program in South Kivu $38,939.39

AFR Democratic Republic of Congo Prevention and Mitigation of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in North and South Kivu $4,000,000.00

AFR Democratic Republic of Congo Learning from SGBV Prevention Pilot $1,000,000.00

AFR Guinea Public Sector Governance and Accountability $2,045,000.00

AFR Guinea Public Sector Governance and Accountability $655,000.00

AFR Guinea Participatory Rural Development Grant (PRD) $5,000,000.00

AFR Guinea-Bissau State and Peace Building Fund - Guinea Bissau: Economic Governance Support Project $1,128,081.29

AFR Guinea-Bissau Extractive Industries Sectors Technical Assistance $338,000.00

AFR Guinea-Bissau Extractive Industries Sectors Technical Assistance $2,860,216.00

AFR Guinea-Bissau Support to National Health Development Plan - Phase II $2,041,500.00

AFR Liberia Civil Service Reforms and Capacity Building $2,000,000.00

AFR Liberia Improving Access to Justice and Enhancing Accountability $1,500,000.00

AFR Liberia Land Sector Reforms: Rehabilitation and Reform of Land Rights Registration Project $2,979,605.00

AFR Liberia MSME and Rural Finance for Post-Ebola Reconstruction in Liberia $4,800,000.00

AFR Nigeria Community Foundations Initiative $603,290.39

AFR Regional - Africa Africa: IGAD Pastoralism & Stability in the Sahel and Horn of Africa (PASSHA) $1,250,000.00

AFR Regional - Africa Africa: CILSS Pastoralism & Stability in the Sahel and Horn of Africa (PASSHA) $1,250,000.00

AFR Regional - Africa Afrobarometer Governance Perception Surveys in AFR: Enhancing Capacity and Knowledge on Peacebuilding and Statebuilding for Development $3,212,780.00

AFR Senegal Community Peacebuilding Initiatives in Casamance $2,300,000.00

AFR Senegal Community Peacebuilding Initiatives in Casamance $700,000.00

AFR Somalia MDTF Transfer: Private Sector Development Re-engagement Program for Somalia - Phase II $2,200,000.00

AFR Somalia MDTF Transfer: Supplementary Contribution to PSD Re-engagement Program for Somalia - Phase II $2,800,000.00

AFR Somalia Drought Management and Livelihood Project $3,974,271.06

AFR Somalia Somalia Public Financial Management Capacity Strengthening Project $4,500,000.00

AFR Somalia Somalia Knowledge for Operations and Political Economy (AF) $2,500,000.00

AFR Somalia Support to the Extended Program of Immunization (EPI) in Somalia $499,990.00

AFR Somalia SPF Grant for Emergency Livestock Disease Surveillance and control Promoting Competitive Meat Industry $900,000.00

AFR Somalia Somalia Knowledge for Operations and Political Economy Program (SKOPE) $2,000,000.00

AFR Somalia Support to the Information and Communication Technologies Sector $1,200,000.00

AFR Somalia Support to the Information and Communication Technologies Sector $800,000.00

AFR Somalia MDTF Transfer - Somalia $8,000,000.00


AFR Somalia Water for Agro-Pastoral Livelihoods Pilot Project $1,000,000.00

AFR Somalia Somaliland Water for Agro-Pastoral Livelihoods Pilot Project $1,000,000.00

AFR Somalia Somalia Towage Services in Berbera Port $4,900,000.00

AFR South Sudan Strengthening Core Functions for Managing Resource Dependence $3,260,000.00

AFR Sudan Sustainable livelihoods for displaced and vulnerable communities in Eastern Sudan $2,622,000.00

AFR Sudan Sustainable livelihoods for displaced and vulnerable communities in Eastern Sudan $458,000.00

AFR Sudan Sudan Peacebuilding for Development Project - Phase 2 $4,990,000.00

AFR Sudan Peacebuilding for Development in Sudan $3,737,909.40

AFR Sudan Budget Capacity Strengthening Project $4,995,000.00

AFR Sudan Sustainable Livelihoods for Displaced and Vulnerable Communities in Eastern Sudan Project (SLDP): Phase II $4,435,000.00

AFR Togo Private Sector Revitalization $1,100,000.00

AFR Zimbabwe Agricultural Inputs Project $4,779,821.48

AFR Zimbabwe Beitbridge Emergency Water Supply and Sanitation Project $2,641,785.01

AFR Zimbabwe MDTF Transfer - ZIMREF $5,000,000.00

EAP Papua New Guinea Inclusive Development in Post-Conflict Bougainville (IDB) $2,518,230.00

EAP Papua New Guinea Piloting Rural Service Delivery and Local Governance $1,800,000.00

EAP Papua New Guinea Additional Financing - Inclusive Development in Post-Conflict Bougainville (IDB) $2,300,000.00

EAP Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea: Addressing Family and Sexual Violence in Extractives Communities in Papua New Guinea $2,623,000.00

EAP Philippines Encouraging More Resilient Communities in Conflict-affected Areas in the Philippines $1,799,711.00

EAP Philippines Encouraging More Resilient Communities in Conflict-affected Areas in the Philippines $345,485.00

EAP Philippines Encouraging More Resilient Communities in Conflict-affected Areas in the Philippines $424,113.45

EAP Regional - East Asia Opportunities and Challenges for Aid Delivery in Sub-National Conflict Areas $1,769,992.52

EAP Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project - Recipient Executed $3,221,250.00

EAP Solomon Islands Solomon Islands State and Peace Building Fund for Rapid Employment Project( Bank executed) $137,658.20

EAP Solomon Islands Technical Assistance Project: Phase 1 (Recipient-Executed) $728,787.16

EAP Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Mining Sector Technical Assistance Project: Phase 1 (Bank-Executed) $148,790.25

EAP Solomon Islands Solomon Islands Rapid Employment Project -Additional financing (BE) $150,000.00

EAP Thailand Expanding Community Approaches in Conflict Situation in Southern Thailand $4,200,000.00

EAP Thailand Piloting Community Approaches $1,892,640.70

EAP Thailand Applied research on Piloting Community Approaches $541,245.80

ECA Armenia Youth Project - South Caucasus $1,000,000.00

ECA Georgia Georgia IDP Community Development Project $2,074,802.23

ECA Georgia Youth Inclusion and Social Accountability $500,000.00

ECA Georgia Strengthening Capacity for Prevention and Response to Sexual and Gender Based Violence $480,000

ECA Kosovo Second Kosovo Youth Development $1,981,291.28

ECA Kosovo Kosovo Social Inclusion and Local Development - State and Peace Building Trust Fund $4,902,762.00

ECA Kosovo Kosovo: Youth Development Project Additional Financing $200,000.00

ECA Kosovo Kosovo: Youth Development Project Additional Financing $1,800,000.00

ECA Kyrgyz Republic Social Cohesion/CDD project $2,000,000.00

ECA Kyrgyz Republic Building Capacity for Effective Local Governance in Kyrgyzstan $1,400,000.00

ECA Regional - ECA Strengthening Monitoring and Evaluation of Youth Development Projects in Conflict-Affected Areas $330,706.42

ECA Ukraine Conflict Response, Monitoring and Recovery $3,600,000.00

LAC Colombia Evaluation and knowledge Capture of the Colombia Protection of Land and Patrimony Assets Project $31,208.75

LAC Colombia Protection of Patrimonial Assets -Phase III $5,840,732.77

LAC Colombia MDTF Transfer - Colombia $4,000,000.00


LAC El Salvador Regional Program for Municipal Citizen Security - El Salvador $1,000,000.00

LAC Guatemala Regional Program for Municipal Citizen Security - Guatemala $1,000,000.00

LAC Haiti MDTF Transfer: Haiti Reconstruction TF $2,000,000.00

LAC Haiti Haiti Rural Water and Sanitation Project - SPF $4,626,643.04

LAC Honduras Regional Program for Municipal Citizen Security - Honduras $1,500,000.00

LAC Regional - Central America Regional Citizen Security Knowledge Network $1,500,000.00

LAC Regional - Central America Dialogue Series on Citizen Security in LAC $200,000.00

LAC Regional - Central America Youth Employment and Crime and Violence in Central America $300,000.00

MENA Iraq Consultative Service Delivery Program (Phase III) $4,789,032.00

MENA Iraq Iraq: SPF grant for Consultative Service Delivery Program(Phase II) $4,963,845.06

MENA Iraq Emergency Action Plan to Mitigate Power Cuts in the Kurdistan Regional Governorate (KRG) of Iraq $500,000.00

MENA Jordan MDTF Transfer: Jordan Emergency Services $10,000,000.00

MENA Jordan Delivering Legal Aid Services to Displaced Iraqis, Palestinians, and Poor Jordanians $1,827,530.00

MENA Jordan Mitigating the Socio Economic Impact of Syrian Displacement (Part 2 - Impact Assessment Jordan) Project $299,608.51

MENA Jordan Piloting Delivery of Justice Sector Services to Poor Jordanians and Refugees in Host Communities $2,500,000.00

MENA Lebanon Lebanon - MDTF transfer $10,000,000.00

MENA Lebanon The National Volunteer Service Program (NVSP) $2,000,000.00

MENA Lebanon Recovery and Reconstruction of the Nahr el-Bared Palestinian Refugee Camp and Conflict Affected areas of North Lebanon $90,000.00

MENA Lebanon Leveraging Innovation in Financial Service Provision to Manage Crisis in Lebanon $2,300,000.00

MENA Libya Transitional Assistance to Libya $3,000,000.00

MENA Regional - MENA Mitigating the Socio Economic Impact of Syrian Displacement $900,000.00

MENA Regional - MENA Mitigating the Socio Economic Impact of Syrian Displacement (Save the Children Lebanon) $900,000.00

MENA Regional - MENA Regional Perspectives on Iraqi Displacement $264,015.94

MENA Regional - MENA Refugee resilience: the role and impact of refugee camps $130,000.00

MENA Tunisia Participatory Service Delivery for Reintegration $5,000,000.00

MENA West Bank and Gaza Water Supply and Sanitation Improvements for West Bethlehem Villages $3,650,000.00

MENA West Bank and Gaza Abraham’s Path: Economic Development Across Fragile Communities $2,324,008.00

SA Nepal Program for Accountability in Nepal (PRAN) $2,518,000.00

SA Nepal Program for Accountability in Nepal (PRAN) $1,292,891.66

SA Nepal Integrated Platform for Gender Based Violence Prevention and Response in Nepal $2,000,000.00

SA Regional - South Asia Restoring and Rebuilding Livelihoods through CDD Approaches in Conflict Settings $350,000.00

WORLD World SPF RKL: Impact Evaluation in FCV – Towards a New Science of Delivery $350,000.00

WORLD World Assessment of Lessons Learned in Livelihood Rehabilitation for Refugees and Internally Displaced $230,000.00

WORLD World SPF RKL: Knowledge Exchange and Support for CDD Projects in FCV $327,000.00

WORLD World Building States & Reducing Conflicts through Increased Disclosure in Extractives: An Analysis for Guidance in World Bank FCV Operations $260,000.00

WORLD World Strengthening Health Service Delivery Resilience in FCV Settings $1,000,000.00


Abrahams Path, Nablus, West Bank

THE STATE AND PEACEBUILDING FUND (SPF)Fragility, Conflict and Violence Group© 2016, The World BankWashington, D.C.The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 USA

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Telephone +1 202 458 2426Fax +1 202 522 2266Email [email protected] www.worldbank.org/spf

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