IWGGMS‐9  2013.5.29~31

The Status of Chinese Carbon Dioxide Observation Satellite (TanSat)

Yi Liu, Zhaonan Cai, Dongxu Yang, Minzheng Duan,, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS 

ZengShan YinZengShan YinShanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites , CAS

Yuquan Zheng, Changxiang YanChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, CAS

ZhongDong YangNational Satellite Meteorological Center CMA

29 May 2013, Yokohama, Japan

National Satellite Meteorological Center, CMA

Outline

1 Introduction of TanSat Mission1. Introduction of TanSat Mission2. Satellite platform3. Payload & Calibration4. Ground based validation network 5. Retrieval algorithm 6 Current Status and Schedule6. Current Status and Schedule

Why should we start TanSat mission?

‐‐‐China is large emission country

‐‐‐CO2 flux observation from space need more satellites

‐‐‐There are challenges (high aerosol …) over China

1. The TanSat Mission –Introduction

(1) National High Technology Research &                      D l P b Mi i f S i

TagertTerm‐1(2011‐2015)Development Programs by Ministry of Science 

and Technology of China (MOST)

Term‐1(2011‐2015)Measurement Goals

XCO2Term‐1 (2011‐2015)‐SECMTerm‐2 (2013‐2015) – IAP

1~4 ppmvMonthly 

k 2

(2) Strategic Priority Research Program of the 

500 x 500 km2

Term‐2(2013‐2015)Chinese Academy of Sciences‐Climate Change:Carbon Budget and Relevant Issue by Chinese 

( )Measurement GoalsAircraft experiment

O2 lg y

Academy of Sciences (CAS) – (2011‐2015) – IAP CO2 FluxMonthly 

500 x 500 km2500 x 500 km

Team of The TanSat Project‐Term 1

Team Leader MissionZengshan Yin

Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites

Team leader and Satellite platformMicrosatellites

Yuquan ZhengChangchun Institute of Optics, Fine Carbon Dioxide Spectrometerg p

Mechanics and Physicsp

Changxiang YanChangchun Institute of Optics Fine

Cloud and Aerosol Polarization Imager (CAPI)Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine

Mechanics and PhysicsImager (CAPI)

Zhongdong Yang Data receiver, Calibration and National Satellite Meteorological

Center, CMAOperational Process

Yi LiuYi LiuInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS CO2 Retrieval Algorithm, Science

requirement and application

TanSat Project Term‐2 (2013‐2015)

ContentContent

1. CO2 flux inverse model system will be

developed (ACPD paper will be available soon)

2 Airborne mode will be developed and aircraft2. Airborne mode will be developed and aircraft

experiment will be held during 2014

3. Application of TanSat product will be

i l t d th i f Chiimplemented over three regions of China.

2. Satellite Platform ‐ Observation ModeName Characters

Orbit type sun‐synchronous 

Altitude 700 km

Inclination 98°Nadir mode

Sun‐glint mode

Local time 13:30 ±30min

Weight 500Kg

Nadir mode‐ Observation over land‐ Push broom 

T t d

‐ Principle plane trackSun‐glint mode‐ Observation over oceanSun glint track Target mode‐ Sun glint track

‐ Principle plane trackTarget mode‐ Validationg‐ Surface target track‐Multi angles for one target

3. Carbon Dioxide Spectrometer

O2‐A CO2 weak CO2 StrongSpectral Range (nm) 758‐778 1594‐1624 2042‐2082Spectral Resolution 0.044 0.081 0.103

SNR 360 250 180Spatial Resolution 1km×2km, 2km×2km

Swath 20km

Cloud and Aerosol Polarization Imager ‐ CAPI 

Name Characters

Instrument Specs of CAPI

FOV 400km

Spatial resolution 500mp

VIS Samples 800

NIR Samples 800

Lens structure

NIR Samples 800

Channel Specs of CAPIλ [μm] Range SNR polarization angle

0.38 0.365-0.408 260 -VNIR

0.67 0.66-0.685 160 0⁰, 60⁰, 120⁰0.87 0.862-0.877 400 -

1 375 1 36 1 39 1801.375 1.36-1.39 180 -1.64 1.628-1.654 110 0⁰, 60⁰, 120⁰

SWIR

CalibrationWavelength Calibration accuracy:

i 1/10 FWHM superior to 1/10 FWHM

Radiometric calibration accuracy:y 3%(relative)

5%(absolute) (Also for CAPI) 5%(absolute) (Also for CAPI)

On Board Calibrator (OBC) :CO2 Spectrometer : LED + solar Calibration

CAPI : LED +lunar + Solar Calibration

4. Ground based measurement network 

Ground‐based Measurement Sites in China

Site Instrument

Ground sites

Site  Instrument

Beijing IFS125/HR+325mTower+7 Licor

Urumqi

Mobile St.

325mTower 7 Licor

Shenzhen IFS125/HRCIMEL+MWR

b l /

Waliguan Beijing

Inner MongolInner Mongol

Mobile St. IFS 125/M 

Shandong Optical Spectrum Analyzer(OSA)

Shandong

Analyzer(OSA)

Inner Mongol

Optical Spectrum Analyzer(OSA)

ShenzhenHainan Island

Optical Spectrum Analyzer(OSA)

Urumqi FGGA/LGR

Shenzhen

Hainan

Calibration, Validation &  priori data

Urumqi FGGA/LGR

Waliguan FGGA/LGR

Instruments in stations

• OSA for total column CO2 (=0.05nm)

• Aerosol optical parameters(POM 02)• Aerosol optical parameters(POM-02)

• Grimm aerosol spectrometer

• Licor 7500 CAST3 for surace CO2

POM-02 Sky Radiometer

Licor• Licor 7500, CAST3 for surace CO2

• P, T, Rh, Radiation(LW, SW)

• Whole Sky imagerWhole Sky imager

• Sounding (CO2 and P, T, Rh, Wind)

Thethered Balloon Sky imagerThethered Balloon Sky imager

Aerosol size CounterAerosol size Counter

外观图外观图

太阳跟随系统(研制)太阳跟随系统(研制)

IFS 125M FTSIFS 125M FTS

IFS/125M spectral resolution :0.0066 cm-1，coverage：0.9~5m

Xiang he, 2012-11-20 16:17 g ,

2012-11-20 14:51

Balloon measurements.

系留探空

2012, inner mongol，0-800m CO2 concentration0 , e o go ，0 800 CO2 co ce o

Aerosol observation network over China :

26 sites : aerosol optical properties;

( “Carbon Budget and Monitoring in China”‐CAS )

36 sites : total mass, size‐resolved (10 sunphotometer +13 handing photometers + 3 laser stations)

,and speciated aerosols; and GHGs etc.

海伦

阜康

策勒

敦煌沙坡头

长白山兴隆

禹城

乌鲁木齐

沈阳

北京

太原

青海湖

通榆

香河阿里

无锡长沙

千烟洲重庆

贡嘎山

纳木错 西安

上海

合肥

成都珠峰

烟台青海湖

拉萨

藏东南

西双版纳

三亚

鼎湖山

广州

昆明台北

碳专项气溶胶及其前体物观测网（ 站）碳专项气溶胶及其前体物观测网（36站）

一级观测站20个 二级观测站16个

Forward Model Framework

Atmospheric profileT, P, Z

HITRAN data baseCO2, H2O, O2

Gases profileCO2, H2O, O2

LBLRTM 2 RT models was used in  

Absorption ODMIE Scattering

AOD Phase matrix SSA

building forward model:LBLRTM – for ABS ODVLIDORT – for RT 

VLIDORT

pCO2, H2O, O2

AOD, Phase matrix, SSA

VLIDORTRayleigh scatteringOD, Phase matrix

SurfaceAlbedo,  BDRF

Radiance(Reflectance I)

Weighting functions

Stokesparameters(Reflectance, I) functions (Q, U, V)

Preliminary retrieval - Validation studies

Current Status -1 TANSAT undersampling

TANSAT O2A Weak CO2 Strong CO2

Range 758-778nm 1594-1624 nm 2042-2082 nm

Resolving Power 17454 19864 20019

Spectral resolution 0.044 nm 0.081 nm 0.103 nm

Spectral interval 0 022 nm 0 081 nm 0 103 nm÷ ÷ ÷= 2 = 1 =1

Spectral interval 0.022 nm 0.081 nm 0.103 nm

Number of pixels 909 370 388

SNR 360:1@5.8×1012 250:1@2.1×1012 180:1@1.1×1012

photons/s/cm2/sr/nm photons/s/cm2/sr/nm photons/s/cm2/sr/nm

Due to the limitation in detector array (512 pixels)

whole spectrum coverage, high resolution, under-sampling

(1) whole spectrum coverage, low resolution, full-sampling

(2) Part of spectrum, high resolution, full-sampling

CO2 Band Select – by GOSAT data

1594-1614nm@0.081nm is best

1594-1624nm@0.16nm

to improve SNRp

Current Status‐2• Two prototype

spectrometers arespectrometers are

developed (760 and

1610 nm)

760nm  Prototype 

1610 nm)

• Large-area

diff ti ti i1610nm  Prototype 

diffraction grating is

manufactured

• Prototype model

and electrical

Payload Main frame

interface test has

been finished! Large‐area grating

5x 104

3 5

4

4.5Sample spectra at 760nm O2A band with principle prototypeSample spectra at 760nm O2A band with principle prototype

2.5

3

3.5

DN

1

1.5

2

0.76 0.762 0.764 0.766 0.768 0.77 0.7720

0.5

Wavelength(μm)

S li t f 1 61 b dSampling spectra of 1.61um band

7500

8000

狭 半 段缝 谱60μm

FWHM: 0.16nm~0.19nm

Sampling: 0.035nmSampling rate:4.6‐5.4

6500

7000

p g

6000

5000

5500

4000

4500

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10004000

Current Status‐2

TanSat in the vibration and CO2 spectrometer in thermal and mechanical experiment

mechanical experiment

NSMC Data processing systemTanSat ScheduleTanSat Schedule

2011.2 kick off of project

2011.9 SRR-Science Requirement Review

2013.5 PDR-Preliminary Design Review

2013.6: Kick off phase C

2013 12 CDR C itit l D i R i2013.12 CDR- Crititcle Design Review

2014 12 SRR- Satellite Readyness Review2014.12 SRR- Satellite Readyness Review

2015.6 Launchingg

The 1st TanSat International workshop-2012Was held Oct. 15-18 in Beijing

The 2nd TanSat International Workshop will be in pShanghai this October, You are welcome to attend!

IWGGMS‐9  2013.5.29~31