the study of life. all living things share common characteristics 1. basic unit is the cell 2. they...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Study of LifeThe Study of Life
![Page 2: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
All Living Things Share All Living Things Share Common Common
CharacteristicsCharacteristics1.1. Basic Unit is the CellBasic Unit is the Cell
2.2. They ReproduceThey Reproduce
3.3. Grow & DevelopGrow & Develop
4.4. Respond To Their Respond To Their EnvironmentEnvironment
5.5. Maintain A Stable Internal Maintain A Stable Internal EnvironmentEnvironment
6.6. Have Complex ChemistryHave Complex Chemistry
![Page 3: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
All Organisms are made of Cells
![Page 4: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Facts About Cells•Cells are the smallest living
unit of an organism•All cells contain living
material called cytoplasm•All cells are surrounded by a
cell membrane that controls what enters & leaves the cell
![Page 5: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
More Cell Facts• Cells are complex &
highly organized• Cells have parts
called organelles that do different jobs
e.g. Chloroplasts in plants make sugars
![Page 6: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The simplest cells are called Prokaryotes
a. These cells DO NOT have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
b. Archaea and Bacteria are examples
![Page 7: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
More complex cells are called Eukaryotes
a. These cells DO have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
b. Eukarya (plants, animals, & fungi) are examples
![Page 8: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Unicellular Organisms - Living Organism Made Up Of One Cella. Examples: Archaea and Bacteria
Multicellular Organisms - Living Organism Made Up Of Many, Specialized Cellsb. Examples: Eukarya
![Page 9: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Organisms Reproduce to Pass on their Genetic Traits
![Page 10: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Two Types of Reproduction
• Sexual Reproduction
• Involves 2 parents
• Egg fertilized by sperm to make a ZYGOTE
• Offspring DIFFERENT from parents
![Page 11: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Two Types of Reproduction
• Asexual Reproduction
• Involves a single organism or cell
• Cell divides• Offspring
IDENTICAL to parent
![Page 12: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Organisms Grow & Develop
![Page 13: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Growth & Development
•Cells grow by producing MORE CELLS & by cell ENLARGEMENT
•Organisms develop as they mature into an adult organism
![Page 14: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Organisms Respond to Environment
•Organisms Respond to Temperature, Water, Food Supplies, etc. In Order To Survive & Reproduce
![Page 15: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Homeostasis
•Keeping The Internal Environment Of The Cell or Organism Within The Ranges Required For Life
•Stable internal conditions of pH, temperature, water balance, etc.
![Page 16: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Living things have complex chemistry
•Consist of large complex chemicals
•Undergo complex chemical reactions to carry out all functions for life
![Page 17: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Unifying Themes of Biology
•Cell theory•Gene theory•Homeostasis•Evolution
![Page 18: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Cell Theory
• All living things are made of cells
• Living cells come from other living cells
• Living things can be unicellular (bacteria) or multicellular (plants, animals)
![Page 19: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Gene Theory
• Characteristics of living things are controlled by genes
• Genes are passed on from parents to offspring
![Page 20: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Homeostasis
• Maintaining a stable environment
![Page 21: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Evolution
• Change in the characteristics of living things over time
• Evolution occurs through natural selection
• Organisms with more suitable adaptations for their environment are able to survive and reproduce
![Page 22: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Life is Organized on Life is Organized on Several LevelsSeveral Levels
![Page 23: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Organizational Levels of LifeOrganizational Levels of Life
A. BiosphereA. Biosphere1. Consists of all the parts 1. Consists of all the parts
of of the planet that are the planet that are inhabited by living inhabited by living
thingsthings
2. Includes most regions of 2. Includes most regions of land; most bodies of land; most bodies of
water and water and the atmosphere the atmosphere to an altitude to an altitude of several of several kilometerskilometers..
![Page 24: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
B. Biome – a group of similar B. Biome – a group of similar ecosystems with the same ecosystems with the same
general general type of physical type of physical environmentenvironment
Ex: tundra, desert, Ex: tundra, desert, tropical tropical rainforestrainforest
![Page 25: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
C. EcosystemsC. Ecosystems1. An ecosystem is the 1. An ecosystem is the
community community of living things in of living things in an area, along an area, along with the with the nonliving features of the nonliving features of the environment that support the environment that support the living living community.community.
a) Example: A forest a) Example: A forest (includes various types of (includes various types of
trees trees and plants, animals, and plants, animals, microscopic microscopic forms of life, forms of life, soil, water, air, soil, water, air, sunlight, sunlight, etc.)etc.)
![Page 26: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
D. Community – all the D. Community – all the populations in an populations in an areaarea
What makes up the What makes up the community in you community in you classroom?classroom?
E. Population – organisms of the E. Population – organisms of the same same species living in the same species living in the same areaarea
![Page 27: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
F. Organisms - are individual F. Organisms - are individual living living thingsthings
a) Examples: squirrels, insectsa) Examples: squirrels, insects
G. Organ system – group of organs G. Organ system – group of organs that work togetherthat work together
![Page 28: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
H. Organs – composed of one or H. Organs – composed of one or more more types of tissuestypes of tissues
I. Tissues- group of cells of the I. Tissues- group of cells of the same same kindkind
J. Cells - life’s basic units of J. Cells - life’s basic units of structure and functionstructure and function
![Page 29: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
The Diversity of LifeThe Diversity of LifeA. SpeciesA. Species
1. A species is a distinct form 1. A species is a distinct form of lifeof life
a) ~ 5,000 species of a) ~ 5,000 species of bacteria; ~8,600 bacteria; ~8,600
species of species of birds; ~30,000 birds; ~30,000 species of species of fishes; fishes; ~100,000 species of ~100,000 species of fungi; fungi; ~280,000 species of ~280,000 species of plants; plants; and ~1,000,000 and ~1,000,000 species of insectsspecies of insects
![Page 30: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
B. The 3 domains of LifeB. The 3 domains of Life1. A domain is the broadest 1. A domain is the broadest category for classifying life category for classifying life
formsforms
2. There are 3 domains: 2. There are 3 domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Archaea, Bacteria, and
EukaryaEukarya
![Page 31: The Study of Life. All Living Things Share Common Characteristics 1. Basic Unit is the Cell 2. They Reproduce 3. Grow & Develop 4. Respond To Their Environment](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051417/5697bf7c1a28abf838c83e29/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
C. Typical 6 kingdomsC. Typical 6 kingdoms