the water reuse roadmap...the goal of the reuse roadmap is to develop a high-level approach to help...

The Water Reuse Roadmap

P R I M E R

Essential practices to make water

reuse an element of a diverse and resilient water

management strategy

Book coming Fall of 2017

2 THE WATER REUSE ROADMAP PRIMER

Introduction 3

Major Themes 4

Fit for Purpose 4

Legitimacy 7

Key Terms 8

Matrices 9

Product Development 10

Implementing Treatment Technologies 11

Monitoring and Control 12

Implementing Innovation 13

Message Development 14

Communication & Outreach 15

Risk Management & Communication 16

Regulatory Environment 17

Local Issues 18

Strategic Management 19

Financial Sustainability 20

Resiliency 21

Experts’ Meeting Attendees 22

Partners 23

Water Reuse Roadmap Primer

“Water should not be judged by its history, but by its quality.”Dr Lucas Van Vuuren, National Institute of Water Research, South Africa

THE WATER REUSE ROADMAP PRIMER 3

Introduction

T wo of the Water Environment Federation’s (WEF) critical objectives are to “generate

an increased public awareness of the value of water leading to increased funding to protect water quality through appropriate levels of infrastructure, management approaches, and services” and to “establish the conditions that promote accelerated development and implementation of innovative technologies and approaches in the water sector.”

WEF has been successful at striving toward those objectives through the use of a “maturity model” approach with the development of two roadmaps, on Energy (2013) and Nutrient Management (2015) The Reuse Roadmap development process builds on the experience gained developing the two previous WEF roadmap publications, which demonstrated the importance of a sector scan, effective partners, leveraging planned events with a similar theme, and building off of existing WEF programs

The goal of the Reuse Roadmap is to develop a high-level approach to help guide utilities and industry decision-makers in issues to address when considering water reuse Like the Energy and Nutrients roadmaps, the Water Reuse roadmap is brief and high level to be accessible to all types of stakeholders, including public officials, utility managers, operators, engineers, and regulators The roadmap will not “reinvent the wheel,” with all of the great technical resources available Rather, the focus will be to help decision-makers to quickly understand the strategic issues inherent in a water reuse effort

In February 2016, the Water Environment Federation, the Water Environment & Reuse Foundation (WE&RF), the National Water Research Institute (NWRI), and WateReuse sponsored a 2-day meeting at Orange County Sanitation District (OCSD) in California to take

the next steps in developing a roadmap for the vision of sustainable water resources through the implementation of water reuse OCSD was chosen as the location for the experts’ meeting because of the County’s leadership in water reuse OCSD and the Orange County Water District (OCWD) have partnered on water recycling projects for more than 40 years, including the Groundwater Replenishment System (GWRS) Beginning in 2008, the GWRS is the world’s largest indirect potable reuse project of its kind that produces 100 MGD

The OCSD experts’ meeting brought together more than three dozen diverse representatives from water utilities, regulatory agencies, academia, consultants, associations, non-governmental organizations (NGO) These attendees built the framework for the Reuse Roadmap based on the aspirational goal developed:

Water reuse is an element of a diverse and resilient water management strategy.

Achieving this goal will require a dedication to integrated resource management (IRM) in order to overcome the public relations challenges, technical barriers, and financial constraints while ensuring public health and environmental quality The development of the Reuse Roadmap will progress in two phases This Primer represents the first phase, a matrix of best practices developed from the major topics and subtopics identified by the experts’ meeting participants This matrix will be further developed by a larger group of subject-matter experts into a guidance document to be published in 2017 The guidance document will be supplemented with case studies and additional resources The Roadmap will also inform future research, training, and advocacy programs to support the movement toward incorporating water reuse into IRM efforts at utilities


W ater reuse is a multifaceted issue and two important terms are used to describe how recycled water is an integral part of the water cycle Recycled Water generally refers to

treated domestic wastewater that is used more than once before it passes back into the water cycle The terms “reused” and “recycled” are often used interchangeably depending on where you are geographically

While a number of topics were discussed by the experts about how to ensure that water reuse is an element of a diverse and resilient water management strategy, two themes were present across the entire conversation: Fit for Purpose and Legitimacy

Major Themes

Fit for PurposeFit for purpose means matching water of a specific quality to a use appropriate for that quality For example, a water with quality suitable for irrigation might not be suitable for industrial use as boiler feedwater Because water can be treated to varying qualities depending on the need, water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) should be aware of the end use of the product water they treat This focus on treating to the appropriate use (fit for purpose) ensures both sufficient treatment for public health, environmental, or product needs while also minimizing the cost of overtreating water to a quality level much different than is actually required by the end use The following three examples show how water reuse can be used for environmental quality and irrigation, industrial, and even for drinking

Environment Agriculture Industry Potable

Tres Rios Wetlands, Arizona

West Basin’s Designer Water, California

Clean Water Services’ Pure Water Brew, Oregon


Habitat Restoration and Public Recreation at Tres Rios Wetlands In 1990, the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality released new water quality standards for wastewater discharges into Arizona waterways The solution that was selected by the City of Phoenix was the construction of the Tres Rios wetland project, meeting water quality requirements while providing habitat for threatened and endangered species, as well as public recreation space After passing through the wetlands, the water is then used for crop irrigation Phoenix reuses 100 percent of their effluent, as the water that does not go to the wetland is provided as cooling water for the nearby power plant

West Basin’s Designer WaterIn the early 1990s, the West Basin Municipal Water District in Los Angeles, California, added recycled water to its portfolio to serve a population of a million people To meet the unique needs of their commercial and industrial customers, the utility produces “designer water,” or amended tertiary water for industrial and irrigation use The types of designer water the district produces include the following:• Irrigation Water: Filtered and disinfected

for industrial and irrigation use• Cooling Tower Water: Tertiary treated

water with ammonia removal • Seawater Barrier and Groundwater

Replenishment Water: Secondary water, with either lime clarification or microfiltration and reverse osmosis (RO)

• Low-Pressure Boiler Feed Water: microfiltration and reverse osmosis membranes for pure RO water

• High-Pressure Boiler Feed Water: Ultra-pure RO water treated by microfiltration membranes and passed through RO membranes twice

The designer water strategy enables the use of recycled water far beyond the potential of common irrigation applications for street medians, parks, and golf courses West Basin also helps ensure the economic production in the area by supplying a critical resource to several local refineries and a power generation company


Clean Water Services’ Pure Water Brew ChallengeIn order to demonstrate that water should be judged by its quality, not its history, Clean Water Services (Portland, OR) began partnering with Oregon brewers in 2014 with the goal of raising awareness and starting conversations about the reusable nature of all water The Pure Water Brew Challenge advances the understanding of how high-purity water can be used for product manufacturing by highlighting one particular product: beer The utility produced a batch of high-purity water that far exceeds safe drinking water standards and provided it to local brewers to make beer These beers were featured at WateReuse’s One Water Innovations Gala at WEFTEC® 2014 and in the Innovation Pavilion at WEFTEC 2015 and 2016 Beer is a product that Oregon is known for around the world; the Pure Water Brew Challenge is engaging industry professionals, public leaders, and people everywhere in this conversation about water The hope is that conversations inspired by Pure Water Brew will broaden understanding about the potential of reused water as a source of clean water


Legitimacy

Three Levels of Legitimacy

Innovative potable reuse projects have often been met with public opposition, despite having proven technology and water quality meeting or exceeding drinking water standards The general mindset from technical professionals such as engineers and scientists is that the public will accept new technologies when provided with information through marketing and public education activities A study at OCWD and OCSD about the success of their indirect potable reuse program showed that the success of their program was due to the legitimacy of their effort In order to have a successful project, answering questions is required to address the concerns of the user at three levels of legitimacy such as:• Pragmatic – How do I benefit?

How am I involved in decision-making?• Moral – How are safety and quality

guaranteed? How has the organization performed in the past?

• Cognitive – How essential is the technology, given any alternatives? How does the technology fit with my daily life?

The OCWD/OCSD exampled showed the benefits of having utility managers become recognized as trustworthy and competent experts through their dedication to the outreach efforts 1,2,3

Another key reference that blends technical, regulatory, and public support efforts to foster

legitimacy is the Framework for Direct Potable Reuse released in 2015 This framework document was developed through a collaborative effort between WateReuse, WEF, and the American Water Works Association through an independent advisory panel administered by NWRI The panel convened over a period of almost 2 years to identify the subject areas and topics that future direct potable reuse (DPR) guidelines will need to address and prepare the final document This framework represents a consensus among the panel, while taking into consideration input from a Project Advisory Committee comprised of technical experts in water and wastewater treatment, as well as state and federal regulators

The Framework document provides a context for DPR, including the costs, benefits, energy requirements, and comparative issues with other water sources and measures Following this introduction, three key components of a DPR program are examined: • regulatory considerations (e g , measures

to mitigate public health risks); • technical issues related to the production

of advanced treated water; and • public support and outreach

The Framework is freely available at: https://watereuse org/watereuse-research/framework-for-direct-potable-reuse/

1 Binz, C , S Harris-Lovett, M Kiparsky, D L Sedlak, and B Truffer (2016) “The thorny road to technology legitimation— Institutional work for potable water reuse in California ” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 103: 249–263

2 Jordi, A (2015) “Legitimacy – the key to successful implementation ” Eawag Aquatic Research News, October 2015 www eawag ch/fileadmin/Domain1/News/User_Acceptance_englisch pdf

3 Harris-Lovett, S R , C Binz, D L Sedlak, M Kiparsky, and B Truffer (2015) “Beyond user acceptance: a legitimacy framework for potable water reuse in California ” Environmental Science & Technology 49(13): 7552–7561

Pragmatic – the user’s self-interest

Moral – social values and welfare

Cognitive – customs and taken- for-granted routines


W ateReuse has developed a common set of definitions to describe the many technical words, often interchangeably used, to explain the different options for water reuse that a community

could choose from:

Potable Reuse refers to recycled water you can drink The reclaimed water is purified sufficiently to meet or exceed federal and state drinking water standards and is safe for human consumption

Nonpotable Reuse refers to reclaimed water that is not used for drinking, but is safe to use for irrigation, industrial uses, or other non-drinking water purposes

De facto, Unacknowledged, or Unplanned Potable Reuse occurs when water intakes draw raw water supplies downstream from discharges of clean water from wastewater treatment plants, water reclamation facilities, or resource recovery facilities For example, if you are down-stream of a community, that community’s used water gets put back into a river or stream and is delivered downstream to your community and after further treatment becomes part of your drinking water supply

Planned Potable Reuse is publicly acknowledged as an intentional project to reclaim water for drinking water It is sometimes further defined as either direct or indirect potable reuse It commonly involves a more formal public process and public consultation program than is observed with de facto or unacknowledged reuse

Indirect Potable Reuse (IPR) water is blended with other environmental systems such as a river, reservoir, or groundwater basin, before the water is reused

Direct Potable Reuse (DPR) water is distributed directly into a potable water supply distribution system downstream of a water treatment plant or into the source water supply immediately upstream of the water treatment plant

Key Terms


Matrices

The best practices identified by the participants at the experts’ meeting were grouped into 12 themes and displayed in the following matrices The themes are grouped into three basic topic areas:

• Product Development • Implementing Treatment

Technologies• Monitoring and Control• Implementing Innovation • Message Development

• Communication & Outreach• Risk Management

& Communication• Regulatory Environment • Local Issues

• Strategic Management• Financial Sustainability• Resiliency

Product Focus

External Communications

Management and Organizational

TOPIC AREA 1

TOPIC AREA 2

TOPIC AREA 3


1: P

RO

DU

CT

DE

VE

LOP

ME

NT

PLA

NP

RE

PA

RE

& I

MP

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EN

TE

VA

LUA

TE &

IM

PR

OV

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ata

Col

lect

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• C

olle

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ata

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nder

stan

d th

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arke

t

•

Iden

tify

stak

ehol

ders

and

pot

entia

l cus

tom

ers

in

the

mar

ket f

or w

ater

reus

e an

d ot

her

reco

vere

d re

sour

ces

• A

sses

s co

mpe

titio

n fo

r pro

duct

(a

ltern

ativ

e so

urce

s of

sup

ply)

• Id

entif

y an

chor

cus

tom

ers

and

dist

ribut

ion

syst

em•

Det

erm

ine

end

uses

, qua

lity

requ

irem

ents

, an

d va

riabi

lity

(sea

sona

l, da

ily) f

or c

usto

mer

s

or e

nd u

se:

• A

gric

ultu

re

•

Envi

ronm

ent/

Hab

itat

• IP

R

•

DP

R

•

Indu

stria

l use

s (c

oolin

g, w

ashi

ng, e

tc )

Dev

elop

Mar

ketin

g S

trate

gy•

Cre

ate

a va

lue-

cost

pro

posi

tion

• Id

entif

y va

lue

of v

ario

us w

ater

qua

lity

le

vels

for p

rodu

ct

•

Eval

uate

sal

es p

oten

tial w

ith re

spec

t to

treat

men

t, m

onito

ring,

and

dis

tribu

tion

cost

s•

Dev

elop

mar

ketin

g, s

ales

, and

bra

ndin

g st

rate

gy•

Com

mun

icat

e be

nefit

s an

d ad

vant

ages

of

wat

er re

use

Sel

l Rec

over

ed R

esou

rces

• B

rand

and

sel

l rec

ycle

d w

ater

and

oth

er

reco

vere

d re

sour

ces

• Vi

ew c

usto

mer

s as

par

tner

s in

effo

rts to

m

eet c

usto

mer

nee

ds th

roug

h su

stai

nabl

e

wat

er m

anag

emen

t

Fit f

or P

urpo

seId

entif

y Le

vel o

f Tre

atm

ent

• D

eter

min

e le

vels

of t

reat

men

t req

uire

d to

m

eet n

eeds

of c

usto

mer

s an

d en

viro

nmen

t

•

Is re

use

desi

rabl

e, g

iven

sou

rce

w

ater

con

stra

ints

, env

ironm

enta

l nee

ds?

• Is

nut

rient

rem

oval

nec

essa

ry

or a

re n

utrie

nts

desi

rabl

e fo

r irr

igat

ion?

• W

hat l

evel

s of

con

stitu

ents

(met

als,

to

tal d

isso

lved

sol

ids,

etc

) ar

e ne

eded

by

end

use

?

•

Wha

t are

the

seas

onal

, diu

rnal

, or d

aily

va

riatio

ns in

sou

rce

wat

er a

nd p

rodu

ct

wat

er d

eman

ds?

Iden

tify

Opp

ortu

nitie

s•

Pro

duce

pro

duct

s fo

r mar

ket n

eeds

, suc

h as

:

•

Irrig

atio

n (a

gric

ultu

re, m

unic

ipal

, res

iden

tial)

• C

oolin

g

•

Fire

pro

tect

ion

• B

oile

r mak

eup

• W

ash

wat

er•

Dua

l tre

atm

ent o

r flex

ible

trea

tmen

t opt

ions

av

aila

ble

to p

rodu

ce v

aryi

ng q

ualit

y of

wat

er fo

r in

tend

ed p

urpo

ses

• C

onsi

der d

ecen

traliz

ed in

frast

ruct

ure

to

optim

ize

reco

very

•

Trea

tmen

t (se

wer

sca

lpin

g)

Prio

ritiz

e an

d Im

plem

ent

• Te

chni

cal s

olut

ions

des

ign/

tailo

red

to fi

t-

for-p

urpo

se w

ater

dem

ands

• W

ater

allo

catio

n ar

e pr

iorit

ized

am

ong

va

rious

use

rs b

ased

on

wat

er s

uppl

y

need

s an

d bu

sine

ss c

onsi

dera

tions

• D

esig

ner w

ater

app

roac

h pr

ovid

es o

pera

tiona

l fle

xibilit

y to

sup

ply

“flav

ors”

of w

ater


2: I

MP

LEM

EN

TIN

G T

RE

ATM

EN

T TE

CH

NO

LOG

IES

PLA

NP

RE

PA

RE

& I

MP

LEM

EN

TE

VA

LUA

TE &

IM

PR

OV

E

Tech

nolo

gy

Eval

uatio

nId

entif

y Tr

eatm

ent L

evel

s•

Det

erm

ine

leve

l of t

reat

men

t ava

ilabl

e•

Det

erm

ine

leve

l of t

reat

men

t req

uire

d or

des

ired

• D

efine

ope

ratio

nal/p

roce

ss c

hang

es re

quire

d

to p

rovi

de w

ater

qua

lity

• Id

entif

y av

aila

ble

tech

nolo

gies

to p

rovi

de

appr

opria

te m

ulti-

barr

ier p

rote

ctio

n

•

Whe

re u

sed/

expe

rienc

e w

ith te

chno

logy

• M

atur

ity o

f tec

hnol

ogy

• A

ltern

ativ

e an

alys

is

•

Was

te s

tream

(brin

e, o

ther

) im

plic

atio

ns

•

Reg

ulat

ory

issu

es

Iden

tify

Opp

ortu

nitie

s•

Ensu

re a

dequ

ate

treat

men

t vs

ove

rtrea

ting

to

mee

t reg

ulat

ory

requ

irem

ents

with

min

imum

co

ncen

trate

gen

erat

ion

• C

onsi

der s

tora

ge

•

Emer

genc

y

•

Pro

cess

ups

ets

• D

eman

d va

riabi

lity

• Eq

ualiz

atio

n

•

Mon

itorin

g

•

Atte

nuat

ion

• Id

entif

y ad

ditio

nal o

ppor

tuni

ties

requ

iring

mor

e tim

e or

cap

ital t

o im

plem

ent,

and

deve

lop

a

plan

to fi

nanc

e/im

plem

ent

• A

sses

s liq

uid

vs s

olid

reco

very

(wat

er re

use

vs

land

app

licat

ion/

stru

vite

reco

very

)

Eva

luat

e an

d Im

plem

ent

• M

ulti-

barr

ier a

ppro

ach

usin

g co

st-e

ffect

ive

an

d lo

w c

arbo

n fo

otpr

int t

echn

olog

y to

pro

vide

rig

ht q

ualit

y re

use

• U

nint

ende

d co

nseq

uenc

es a

re e

valu

ated

th

roug

h sc

enar

io p

lann

ing

or o

ther

mea

ns,

such

as

• N

o re

turn

flow

s

•

Col

lect

ion

syst

em is

sues

from

sca

lpin

g

•

Agg

ress

ive

wat

er

• Id

entif

y re

sear

ch a

nd d

evel

opm

ent n

eeds

to

driv

e in

nova

tions

• Id

entif

y w

ater

qua

lity

tradi

ng a

nd g

reen

hous

e

gas

offs

et c

redi

t opp

ortu

nitie

s

Trea

tmen

t M

anag

emen

tP

lan

for

the

Futu

re•

Iden

tify

unit

oper

atio

ns/b

asin

s fo

r use

in

futu

re it

erat

ions

of d

esig

ner w

ater

pro

duct

ion

• Lo

ng-te

rm p

lann

ing

such

as

leav

ing

spac

e in

the

faci

lity

hydr

aulic

pro

file

to a

ccom

mod

ate

futu

re

proc

esse

s•

Dev

elop

sce

nario

ana

lysi

s in

mas

ter p

lann

ing

• Fu

ture

regu

latio

ns

•

Wat

er s

uppl

y/de

man

d

•

Trea

tmen

t res

ilienc

y an

d fa

ilsaf

e pl

anni

ng

Miti

gate

Ris

ks•

Des

ign

for c

urre

nt re

quire

men

ts w

ith a

n ey

e to

war

d fu

ture

requ

irem

ents

• Va

lidat

e te

chno

logi

es

•

Rel

iabi

lity

• Lo

ng-te

rm p

rosp

ects

• P

ath

depe

nden

cy

• P

ublic

sup

port

• In

telle

ctua

l pro

perty

issu

es

•

Ope

ratio

nal e

ffici

ency

• S

cala

bilit

y

•

Mon

itorin

g re

quire

men

ts

•

Byp

rodu

cts

and

copr

oduc

ts

Man

age

Trad

eoffs

• U

nder

stan

d tra

deof

fs

•

Rel

iabi

lity

vs a

dvan

ced

tech

nolo

gy

•

Reg

ulat

ory

requ

irem

ents

vs

bus

ines

s ne

eds

• R

esou

rce

reco

very

vs

trea

tmen

t


3: M

ON

ITO

RIN

G A

ND

CO

NTR

OL

PLA

NP

RE

PA

RE

& I

MP

LEM

EN

TE

VA

LUA

TE &

IM

PR

OV

E

Mon

itorin

gC

olle

ct In

form

atio

n•

Par

amet

er m

onito

ring

for d

ecis

ion-

mak

ing,

po

tent

ially

incl

udes

• U

pstre

am

•

Col

lect

ion

syst

em

•

Indu

stria

l dis

char

gers

• A

t tre

atm

ent f

acilit

y

•

Influ

ent,

in-fa

cilit

y, a

nd e

fflue

nt

•

End

Use

• C

usto

mer

(agr

icul

ture

, ind

ustri

al)

• En

viro

nmen

t (re

ceiv

ing

body

, aqu

ifer)

• La

bora

tory

cap

acity

at f

acilit

y an

d th

roug

hout

re

gion

ana

lyze

d fo

r ana

lytic

al, b

iolo

gica

l ser

vice

s fo

r cat

ion-

exch

ange

cap

acity

, CC

L3, a

nd

unre

gula

ted

cont

amin

ant m

onito

ring

rule

• W

RR

F co

nsid

ers

frequ

ency

of s

ampl

ing

to

acco

unt f

or d

iurn

al a

nd s

easo

nal v

aria

tions

Ana

lyze

Dat

a•

Pro

cess

info

rmat

ion

to u

nder

stan

d op

tions

, ex

ampl

es in

clud

e

•

Rat

e of

acc

umul

atio

n an

d

cont

rol o

f sal

ts a

nd m

etal

s

•

Tech

nica

l res

ilienc

y (e

g, d

ynam

ic re

spon

se

time

to s

pike

load

ing)

• M

odel

the

treat

men

t pro

cess

to u

nder

stan

d its

con

stra

ints

and

opp

ortu

nitie

s, a

nd e

nsur

e re

dund

ancy

in d

esig

n •

Ass

ess

curr

ent f

acilit

y pe

rform

ance

for

vary

ing

wat

er q

ualit

y ne

eds

of c

usto

mer

s•

Bio

assa

y to

ols

for p

roce

ss m

onito

ring

ar

e de

velo

ped

• R

elia

ble

onlin

e/ea

rly w

arni

ng m

onito

ring

sy

stem

s ar

e in

pla

ce•

Dat

a an

alyt

ics

man

agem

ent p

lan

deve

lope

d

Pro

activ

ely

Use

Dat

a•

Use

dat

a to

impr

ove

• Fa

cilit

y op

erat

ions

• Tr

adin

g pr

ogra

ms

• S

ourc

e co

ntro

l

•

Nex

t des

ign

upgr

ade

• C

ontin

ual i

mpr

ovem

ent o

f mon

itorin

g pr

ogra

m•

Sen

sor a

nd m

onito

ring

adva

nces

for

repo

rting

are

trac

ked

• W

ell-d

evel

oped

labo

rato

ry c

apab

ilitie

s an

d/or

pa

rtner

ship

s fo

r per

form

ance

and

com

plia

nce

• U

CM

R

•

CC

L3

•

LEC

•

Unr

egul

ated

wat

er q

ualit

y pa

ram

eter

s

Pro

cess

Con

trol

Get

the

Big

Pic

ture

• B

asel

ine

perfo

rman

ce (w

ater

qua

lity,

ene

rgy

use,

et

c ) a

nd b

ench

mar

ks a

re d

eter

min

ed•

Sup

ervi

sory

con

trol a

nd d

ata

acqu

isiti

on

(SC

AD

A) a

nd o

ther

con

trol s

yste

m c

apab

ilitie

s

and

need

s ar

e id

entifi

ed

Und

erst

and

Key

Pro

cess

es•

Pro

activ

e m

aint

enan

ce is

in p

lace

thro

ugh

com

pute

rized

mai

nten

ance

man

agem

ent s

yste

m

• Te

chno

logi

es fo

r rem

ote

mon

itorin

g sy

stem

ar

e in

pla

ce (e

g ,

wid

e in

tegr

atio

n in

clud

ing

sate

llite

syst

ems)

• R

eal-t

ime

mon

itorin

g an

d co

ntro

l stra

tegy

in p

lace

• D

evel

oped

mas

s ba

lanc

es

• W

ater

• O

rgan

ics

(ene

rgy)

• N

utrie

nts

(nitr

ogen

and

pho

spho

rus)

• S

alts

• M

etal

s

Mon

itor

for

Rea

l-Tim

e C

ontro

l and

Opt

imiz

atio

n•

Rea

l-tim

e co

ntro

l is

in p

lace

(e g

, S

CA

DA

) to

optim

ize

wat

er q

ualit

y, c

hem

ical

use

, ene

rgy

use,

an

d ef

ficie

ncy

• S

yste

m le

arni

ng a

lgor

ithm

s (d

ata

driv

en) t

hat

inco

rpor

ate

dyna

mic

sup

ply–

dem

and

chal

leng

es

are

in p

lace

Qua

lity

Con

trol

Pro

duct

Dev

elop

men

t•

Dev

elop

a q

ualit

y as

sura

nce

prog

ram

and

pr

oces

s fo

r pro

duct

s•

Impl

emen

t ada

ptiv

e m

anag

emen

t tec

hniq

ues

Pro

duct

Pro

duct

ion

• Q

ualit

y as

sura

nce

proc

esse

s in

pla

ce

•

Wat

er q

ualit

y (in

clud

ing

chem

ical

add

ition

)

•

Wat

er q

uant

ity (t

o av

oid

supp

ly d

isru

ptio

ns)

Qua

lity

Verifi

catio

n•

Util

ity h

as a

dopt

ed a

qua

lity

stan

dard

(H

AC

CP,

Six

Sig

ma,

ISO

900

1)

• Pe

rmit

and

com

plia

nce

prog

ram

exis

ts w

ith

esta

blis

hed

wat

er a

naly

sis

prot

ocol

•

Act

ive

partn

ersh

ip w

ith a

gric

ultu

re e

xists

to

ensu

re d

owns

tream

pro

duct

qua

lity


4: I

MP

LEM

EN

TIN

G I

NN

OV

ATI

ON

PLA

NP

RE

PA

RE

& I

MP

LEM

EN

TE

VA

LUA

TE &

IM

PR

OV

E

Res

earc

h an

d D

evel

opm

ent

(R&D

)

Pre

pare

for

R&

D•

Col

labo

ratio

n w

ith re

sear

ch o

rgan

izat

ions

as

WE&

RF

driv

es in

nova

tion

and

unde

rsta

ndin

g

and

adop

tion

• S

taff

wel

l-ver

sed

in e

xistin

g te

chno

logi

es•

Opp

ortu

nitie

s ar

e id

entifi

ed b

y su

rvey

of

emer

ging

tech

nolo

gies

•

Red

uce

risk

thro

ugh

colla

bora

tive

rese

arch

an

d in

form

atio

n sh

arin

g •

Hav

e W

RR

F le

ader

ship

/man

ager

s re

cogn

ize

an

d re

war

d in

nova

tive

appr

oach

es

Pre

form

R&

D•

Util

ity b

udge

t inc

lude

s R

&D fu

ndin

g to

de

mon

stra

te c

ultu

re o

f em

brac

ing

inno

vatio

n•

Util

ity a

ctiv

ely

parti

cipa

tes

in w

ater

inno

vatio

n pa

rtner

ship

s (e

g ,

Wat

er In

nova

tion

Cen

ters

, re

sear

ch fo

unda

tions

, uni

vers

ity p

artn

ersh

ips,

etc

)

Exp

and

R&

D•

Site

vis

its to

faci

litie

s ut

ilizin

g in

nova

tive

tech

nolo

gies

occ

ur re

gula

rly

• C

ompl

eted

tria

ls a

nd re

sear

ch p

roje

cts

pr

ovid

e th

e fo

unda

tion

for f

urth

er a

dvan

cem

ent

with

in th

e in

dust

ry•

Util

ity s

erve

s as

a d

emon

stra

tion

faci

lity

for

publ

ic e

duca

tion

and

colla

bora

tion

with

re

sear

ch o

rgan

izat

ions

like

WE&

RF

Test

Bed

sE

valu

ate

Tech

nolo

gies

• Te

chno

logi

es th

at re

duce

ene

rgy

use

or

incr

ease

gen

erat

ion

are

iden

tified

• Te

st b

eds

are

iden

tified

to e

nhan

ce c

olla

bora

tion

with

uni

vers

ities

, R&D

of t

he e

quip

men

t sup

plie

s an

d ag

enci

es a

nd o

ther

sta

keho

lder

s •

Valid

atio

n an

d da

ta re

quire

men

ts fo

r new

/al

tern

ativ

e te

chno

logi

es a

re id

entifi

ed

Initi

ate

Tria

ls•

Trea

tmen

t tec

hnol

ogie

s ar

e de

mon

stra

ted

• S

tand

ard

valid

atio

n pr

otoc

ols

deve

lope

d

to e

valu

ate

tech

nolo

gies

for e

ffect

iven

ess

an

d su

stai

nabi

lity

• D

evel

op m

obile

trea

tmen

t tes

ting

for fi

eld

test

ing

• P

lans

are

mad

e to

leve

rage

test

bed

s an

d co

mm

unic

ate

resu

lts w

ith d

ata

base

of r

esul

ts•

Inst

itutio

nal r

esis

tanc

e is

ove

rcom

e by

de

mon

stra

tion

faci

lity,

pilo

t pro

ject

s, s

peci

ficity

of

des

ign

and

tech

nolo

gy o

ptio

ns, a

nd g

oals

of

the

reus

e pr

ojec

t

Impl

emen

t Ful

l-Sca

le S

olut

ion

• Fl

exib

le a

nd e

ffect

ive

tech

nolo

gies

are

im

plem

ente

d to

mee

t the

nee

ds o

f the

va

rious

qua

lity

leve

ls o

f rec

ycle

d w

ater

s

Alte

rnat

ive

Man

agem

ent

App

roac

hes

Iden

tify

Alte

rnat

ives

• D

ecen

traliz

ed tr

eatm

ent o

ptio

ns a

re c

onsi

dere

d

•

Pac

kage

pla

nts

and

tech

nolo

gies

• S

calp

ing

plan

ts

•

On-

site

reus

e

•

Gre

en in

frast

ruct

ure

• P

lann

ing

is p

erfo

rmed

on

a w

ater

shed

bas

is a

nd

incl

udes

con

side

ratio

n of

robu

stne

ss o

f sat

ellit

e no

dal s

truct

ure

of d

ecen

traliz

ed in

frast

ruct

ure

Impl

emen

t Alte

rnat

ives

• G

reen

Infra

stru

ctur

e te

chno

logi

es s

uch

as

treat

men

t wet

land

s an

d rip

aria

n bu

ffers

are

im

plem

ente

d w

here

app

ropr

iate

as

part

of

mul

tiple

bar

riers

app

roac

h•

Enha

nced

regi

onal

izat

ion

(e g

, bi

osol

ids

proc

essi

ng) h

as b

een

cons

ider

ed a

nd

impl

emen

ted

whe

re a

ppro

pria

te

Exp

and

Inte

grat

ion

• A

ltern

ativ

e m

anag

emen

t app

roac

hes

(e g

, de

cent

raliz

atio

n, re

gion

aliz

atio

n, e

tc )

are

used

, w

here

app

ropr

iate

, to

max

imiz

e ov

eral

l,

regi

onw

ide

bene

fit


5: M

ES

SA

GE

DE

VE

LOP

ME

NT

PLA

NP

RE

PA

RE

& I

MP

LEM

EN

TE

VA

LUA

TE &

IM

PR

OV

E

Legi

timac

yId

entif

y R

esou

rces

• A

tran

spar

ent p

lann

ing

proc

ess

is d

evel

oped

to

est

ablis

h le

gitim

acy

of p

roje

ct o

wne

r

•

Inde

pend

ent a

dvis

ory

grou

p or

exp

ert

pane

l con

side

red

• S

ucce

ss s

torie

s an

d be

st p

ract

ices

from

re

leva

nt o

rgan

izat

ions

are

iden

tified

Col

labo

rativ

e C

omm

unic

atio

n•

App

rais

al c

ondu

cted

of p

ublic

per

cept

ion

of:

utilit

y co

mpe

tenc

e le

gitim

acy,

pub

lic h

ealth

is

sues

, wat

er s

uppl

y, ri

sks

• P

lans

in p

lace

to a

ddre

ss P

ragm

atic

, Mor

al,

and

Cog

nitiv

e Le

gitim

acy

Ong

oing

Lea

ders

hip

• Le

gitim

acy

of p

roje

ct a

nd p

roje

ct o

wne

r es

tabl

ishe

d to

mee

t the

regi

on’s

wat

er n

eeds

• O

rgan

izat

iona

l com

mitm

ent t

o pu

blic

hea

lth

prot

ectio

n is

acc

epte

d by

pub

lic•

Util

ity is

the

trust

ed s

ourc

e of

qua

lity

Sta

keho

lder

Iden

tify

Sta

keho

lder

Val

ues

• Id

entif

y va

lues

of c

omm

unity

and

ut

ility

boar

d of

trus

tees

• S

hift

cultu

ral m

inds

et fr

om “

mee

ting

the

perm

it”

to re

cove

ring

reso

urce

s•

Iden

tify

envi

ronm

enta

l, so

cial

, and

eco

nom

ic

ince

ntiv

es fo

r wat

er re

use

• Id

entif

y vi

sibl

e ag

ency

cha

mpi

on

Pub

lic O

utre

ach

& In

take

• D

evel

op p

ublic

und

erst

andi

ng o

f the

new

pu

rpos

e of

a W

RR

F•

Gat

her i

nput

from

all

stak

ehol

der c

ateg

orie

s

Sha

red

Exp

erie

nce

• S

hare

bes

t pra

ctic

es w

ith o

ther

util

ities

an

d th

e se

ctor

•

Iden

tified

sta

keho

lder

gro

ups

vest

ed in

ea

ch b

enefi

t/se

rvic

e

Mes

sage

D

evel

opm

ent

Dev

elop

Mes

sage

• U

nder

stan

d lo

cal c

ultu

ral v

alue

s •

Posi

tive

mes

sagi

ng (N

OT

“do

not d

rink

from

pu

rple

pip

e”) d

evel

oped

for r

euse

Th

emes

to in

clud

e•

Res

ilienc

y•

Wat

er in

depe

nden

ce•

Dro

ught

pro

ofing

• S

usta

inab

le•

Saf

ety

• “A

ll w

ater

is re

used

” –

de fa

cto

reus

e•

“Wat

er s

houl

d be

judg

ed b

y its

qua

lity,

no

t its

his

tory

”•

“One

Wat

er”

– re

use

is ju

st a

noth

er

part

of th

e po

rtfol

io•

Valu

e of

wat

er•

Wat

er a

s a

valu

able

ser

vice

whi

ch e

nhan

ces

heal

th a

nd w

ealth

of c

omm

unity

•

Wat

er a

s cr

itica

l pro

duct

for a

gric

ultu

re,

indu

stry

, com

mer

cial

use

s an

d th

e

asso

ciat

ed e

cono

mic

dev

elop

men

t

Enh

ance

Mes

sage

• C

onsi

sten

t ter

min

olog

y us

ed

• C

ount

er-a

rgum

ent d

evel

oped

to c

ount

er

fals

e in

form

atio

n•

Mes

sage

use

s ea

sy-to

-und

erst

and

com

mon

te

rmin

olog

y fo

r reu

se te

chno

logi

es a

nd p

rese

nts

them

in e

xciti

ng a

nd e

ntic

ing

way

s

Con

tinua

lly E

valu

ate

Mes

sage

• A

ll ut

ility

mem

bers

kno

w th

e “e

leva

tor s

peec

h” o

f th

e re

use

mis

sion

and

can

cle

arly

arti

cula

te th

e m

essa

ge w

heth

er a

t wor

k or

in th

e co

mm

unity

• P

artn

er a

genc

ies

are

cons

iste

nt in

mes

sagi

ng

on re

use

• “F

lavo

rs”

of w

ater

use

d to

dem

onst

rate

fit

for p

urpo

se•

Mea

sure

s of

pub

lic o

pini

on a

re u

sed

on a

pe

riodi

c ba

sis

to e

valu

ate

prog

ram

and

upd

ate

mes

sagi

ng to

ens

ure

publ

ic a

ccep

tanc

e•

Ong

oing

eng

agem

ent w

ith o

ppon

ents

w

ith re

spec

t •

Educ

atio

nal a

ctiv

ities

are

eng

agin

g fo

r ap

prop

riate

aud

ienc

es (e

g ,

field

trip

s fo

cusi

ng

on e

nviro

nmen

t and

tech

nolo

gy fo

r stu

dent

s,

reus

e be

er ta

stin

g fo

r adu

lts)


6: C

OM

MU

NIC

ATI

ON

& O

UTR

EA

CH

PLA

NP

RE

PA

RE

& I

MP

LEM

EN

TE

VA

LUA

TE &

IM

PR

OV

E

Cus

tom

ers

and

Com

mun

ity•

Com

mun

ity e

duca

tion

on fi

t for

pur

pose

wat

er,

the

urba

n w

ater

cyc

le, a

nd is

con

tinuo

usly

up

date

d E

duca

tion

prec

edes

cus

tom

er o

utre

ach

and

educ

atio

n st

rate

gy o

n sp

ecifi

c pr

ojec

t nee

ds•

Com

mun

ity g

roup

s ar

e id

entifi

ed fo

r out

reac

h to

de

velo

p un

ders

tand

ing

• Ea

rly e

duca

tion

and

outre

ach

to th

e pu

blic

avo

ids

oppo

sitio

n ba

sed

on y

uck

fact

or fo

r all

reus

e so

urce

s bu

t par

ticul

ar d

rinki

ng w

ater

• A

genc

y ob

ligat

ion

to in

itiat

e di

scus

sion

with

th

e pu

blic

•

Ensu

re th

at “

Com

mun

ity”

lead

ers

are

invo

lved

in

the

deci

sion

pro

cess

•

Spe

aker

s B

urea

u tra

ined

for e

ffect

ive

com

mun

icat

ion

with

the

publ

ic

(edu

cate

d vo

lunt

eers

)•

Pub

lic v

olun

teer

s re

pres

entin

g di

ffere

nt

inte

rest

s ar

e es

sent

ial t

o se

rve

as

com

mun

ity a

mba

ssad

ors

• P

roac

tive

cust

omer

edu

catio

n an

d ou

treac

h pr

ogra

m (e

g ,

bill

inse

rts, t

ours

, fac

t she

ets,

w

ebsi

te) t

hat f

ocus

es o

n pu

blic

hea

lth, e

cono

mic

gr

owth

, env

ironm

enta

l ben

efits

, and

co

st-e

ffect

iven

ess

is e

stab

lishe

d•

Com

mun

ity o

pini

on le

ader

s ar

e en

gage

d

•

Polit

icia

ns

• R

epor

ters

•

Envi

ronm

enta

l int

eres

ts

•

Cle

rgy

• P

hysi

cian

s an

d ot

her m

edic

al p

rofe

ssio

nals

• Fa

rmer

s

•

Teac

hers

• S

ervi

ce g

roup

s •

Early

ado

pter

s ar

e id

entifi

ed a

nd e

ncou

rage

d

to e

duca

te th

ose

with

que

stio

ns (d

oubt

ers)

• U

tility

eng

ages

cus

tom

ers

in h

elpi

ng to

ach

ieve

su

stai

nabl

e w

ater

reso

urce

s m

anag

emen

t•

Util

ity a

nd p

ublic

em

ploy

ees

are

amba

ssad

ors

to

com

mun

ity•

Tran

spar

ent p

roce

ss fo

r com

mun

ity-d

riven

de

cisi

on-m

akin

g is

in p

lace

to d

emon

stra

te

resp

ect f

or c

omm

unity

• “H

ands

on”

eng

agem

ent o

ppor

tuni

ties

exis

t

•

Dem

onst

ratio

n an

d vi

sito

r cen

ter

• In

tera

ctiv

e an

d st

atic

dis

play

s an

d ex

hibi

ts

•

Wat

er ta

stin

gs

•

Bee

r tas

ting

• Te

chno

logy

tour

s

•

Util

itize

info

rmat

ion

that

alre

ady

exis

ts th

roug

h th

e W

ateR

euse

Ass

ocia

tion

and

othe

rs

•

“Dow

nstre

am”

• “T

he G

loba

l Con

nect

ions

Map

• ”T

he W

ays

of W

ater

” vi

deo

• W

ater

: Thi

nk &

Drin

k an

imat

ions

Med

ia

• M

edia

out

lets

are

iden

tified

and

stra

tegi

es

are

deve

lope

d•

Med

ia k

it is

dev

elop

ed (e

g ,

vide

o,

soun

d-bi

tes,

pic

ture

s, a

nd p

ress

rele

ases

) •

Dea

l pro

activ

ely

with

nat

iona

l wat

er c

risis

in

new

s (F

lint,

food

con

tam

inat

ion,

floo

ds,

drou

ghts

, etc

)

• D

edic

ated

util

ity s

taff

wor

k on

mes

sagi

ng

with

med

ia, b

oth

new

s an

d so

cial

• M

edia

cha

mpi

ons

are

nurtu

red

to in

form

pub

lic

of fa

ctua

l ben

efits

and

issu

es w

ith re

spec

t to

reus

e, e

spec

ially

pot

able

app

licat

ions

Wat

er S

ecto

r•

Key

ener

gy s

taff

netw

ork

at lo

cal/r

egio

nal i

ndus

try

even

ts a

nd in

form

atio

n sh

arin

g gr

oups

sup

porti

ng

•

Nat

iona

l goa

l sup

porti

ng re

use

and

cons

erva

tion

• U

nifo

rm c

riter

ia fo

r IP

R/D

PR

pro

ject

s

•

Ris

k-ba

sed

reus

e gu

idel

ines

for a

gric

ultu

re,

indu

stria

l, an

d co

mm

erci

al p

roje

cts

• S

ucce

sses

, fai

lure

s, a

nd le

sson

s le

arne

d ar

e sh

ared

at i

ndus

try e

vent

s•

Sta

ff co

ntrib

utes

to d

evel

opm

ent o

f gui

delin

es

for d

esig

n an

d op

erat

ion

of re

lativ

ely

new

er

treat

men

t and

mon

itorin

g te

chno

logy

• S

taff

lead

s in

dust

ry in

itiat

ives

to s

uppo

rt se

ctor

ad

vanc

emen

ts in

wat

er re

use,

spe

cific

ally

• N

atio

nal r

euse

fram

ewor

k

•

Nat

iona

l reg

ulat

ory

stan

dard

s


7: R

ISK

MA

NA

GE

ME

NT

& C

OM

MU

NIC

ATI

ON

PLA

NP

RE

PA

RE

& I

MP

LEM

EN

TE

VA

LUA

TE &

IM

PR

OV

E

Pub

lic H

ealth

Iden

tify

Pub

lic H

ealth

Issu

es•

Enga

ge p

ublic

hea

lth tr

acki

ng n

etw

orks

(Cen

ter f

or D

isea

se

Con

trol a

nd P

reve

ntio

n it)

• P

roje

ct p

lans

con

side

r pub

lic h

ealth

and

env

ironm

enta

l ris

k fo

r bot

h ne

w a

nd e

stab

lishe

d rip

aria

n pr

ojec

ts

Miti

gate

Pub

lic H

ealth

Ris

ks•

Sys

tem

s ap

proa

ch is

use

d fo

r rel

iabi

lity

an

alys

is m

itiga

ting

risks

of

• C

onta

min

atin

g po

tabl

e w

ater

sou

rce

IPR

• R

econ

tam

inat

ion

of g

roun

dwat

er

Enh

ance

Pub

lic H

ealth

Net

wor

k•

Mul

tiple

bar

riers

are

in p

lace

to re

duce

he

alth

and

env

ironm

enta

l ris

ks

•

Rob

ust/

redu

ndan

t tre

atm

ent

• C

ross

-con

nect

ion

cont

rol

• R

eal-t

ime

path

ogen

mon

itorin

g an

d

risk

man

agem

ent t

hrou

ghou

t tre

atm

ent

and

dist

ribut

ion

Ris

k M

anag

emen

tId

entif

y an

d P

riorit

ize

Ris

ks•

Ris

k of

hig

h co

nseq

uenc

e of

a s

ingl

e

dram

atic

failu

re is

und

erst

ood

• S

trate

gy fo

r ris

k m

itiga

tion

is d

evel

oped

• P

lann

ing

incl

udes

con

side

ratio

n of

• M

easu

res

for c

limat

e ch

ange

ada

ptat

ion

(e

g ,

extre

me

even

ts)

• O

vertr

eatm

ent v

s p

ublic

saf

ety

• W

ater

sho

rtag

e

•

Not

reco

verin

g re

clai

med

wat

er in

G

WR

/aug

men

tatio

n pr

ojec

ts

•

Trea

tmen

t tec

hnol

ogy

• C

yber

tech

nolo

gy

•

Uni

nten

ded

cons

eque

nces

• H

ealth

, env

ironm

enta

l, so

cial

Miti

gate

Ris

ks•

Ris

k is

redu

ced

thro

ugh

wat

er s

ourc

e di

vers

ifica

tion

• R

isk

allo

catio

n en

sure

s ea

ch p

arty

take

s th

e ris

k th

at th

ey c

an m

anag

e/co

ntro

l •

Cyb

er-s

ecur

ity c

apab

ilitie

s an

d co

ntin

genc

y pl

ans

are

in p

lace

Leve

rage

Inno

vatio

n•

Hav

e co

ntin

genc

ies

to d

eal w

ith

unce

rtai

ntie

s•

Tech

nolo

gy ri

sk le

vel s

et s

o th

at n

o si

ngle

failu

re o

f an

activ

e co

mpo

nent

sh

all r

esul

t in

heal

th ri

sk•

Org

aniz

atio

n ca

n su

cces

sful

ly tr

ial a

nd

impl

emen

t inn

ovat

ive

proj

ects

and

is

adap

tabl

e to

em

ergi

ng o

ppor

tuni

ties

and

chan

ging

env

ironm

ents

Ris

k C

omm

unic

atio

nD

efine

Ris

k M

essa

ge•

Age

ncy,

com

mun

ity, r

egul

ator

y ris

k to

lera

nces

iden

tified

• R

isk

conc

epts

incl

ude

• O

ppor

tuni

ties

inst

ead

of c

halle

nges

• U

ncer

tain

ty in

stea

d of

risk

• C

ost v

s ri

sk

•

Ris

k of

sta

tus

quo

• R

isk

vs b

enefi

ts, w

ithou

t ove

rsel

ling

• Te

stin

g an

d m

onito

ring

fram

ewor

k an

d co

ntro

ls in

pla

ce

•

Nee

ds v

s ri

sk

•

Mee

ting

regu

latio

ns v

s c

ost o

f ove

r-tre

atin

g

•

Zero

risk

doe

s no

t exis

t, an

d sa

fety

is w

hat t

he

publ

ic w

ants

Refi

ne R

isk

Com

mun

icat

ions

• R

isk

info

rmat

ion

on C

EC

s, to

xicol

ogy,

and

ot

her p

roba

bilis

tic s

tate

men

ts a

re c

rafte

d in

pl

ain

Engl

ish

• C

omm

unic

atio

n ef

forts

lear

n fro

m o

ther

se

ctor

s (H

AC

CP,

etc

)

Valid

ate

App

roac

h•

Inde

pend

ent e

xper

t pan

el in

pla

ce to

ev

alua

te a

nd p

rovi

de o

vers

ight

for r

isk

man

agem

ent


8: R

EG

ULA

TOR

Y E

NV

IRO

NM

EN

TP

LAN

PR

EP

AR

E &

IM

PLE

ME

NT

EV

ALU

ATE

& I

MP

RO

VE

Reg

ulat

ory

an

d Le

gisl

ativ

eId

entif

y R

egul

atio

ns•

Key

regu

lato

rs a

re id

entifi

ed a

nd e

ffect

ive

w

orki

ng re

latio

nshi

ps a

re e

stab

lishe

d pr

ior

to p

roje

ct d

evel

opm

ent

• Le

gisl

ativ

e st

rate

gy is

dev

elop

ed to

enh

ance

op

portu

nitie

s an

d m

inim

ize

hurd

les

for

wat

er re

use

• R

egul

ator

y fra

mew

ork

and

gaps

are

iden

tified

• A

s pa

rt of

an

ongo

ing

rela

tions

hip,

key

regu

lato

rs

are

educ

ated

on

pota

ble

and

nonp

otab

le

reus

e is

sues

See

k to

Uni

fy R

egul

atio

ns•

Util

ity a

dvoc

ates

for u

nifie

d re

gula

tions

that

• A

re s

cien

ce b

ased

• P

rote

ct h

ealth

and

env

ironm

ent w

hile

m

aint

aini

ng fl

exib

ility

for t

ypes

of t

echn

olog

ies

• In

cent

iviz

e co

llabo

ratio

n ac

ross

dis

trict

bo

rder

s an

d ac

ross

dis

cipl

ines

• A

re fl

exib

le fo

r sm

all s

yste

ms

• En

cour

age

inno

vatio

n

•

Are

cle

ar a

nd c

onsi

sten

t, w

ithou

t con

flict

s (s

uch

as b

etw

een

Nat

iona

l Pol

lutio

n D

isch

arge

Elim

inat

ion

Sys

tem

and

recy

cled

w

ater

per

mits

, or w

ater

vs

air,

gro

undw

ater

vs

wat

ersh

ed)

• R

egio

nal c

olla

bora

tion

with

oth

er a

genc

ies

occu

rs (e

g ,

for f

undi

ng o

r pol

icy

chan

ges)

Res

olve

Diff

eren

ces

• U

tility

wor

ks w

ith in

dust

ry a

ssoc

iatio

ns to

in

fluen

ce re

gula

tors

/legi

slat

ure

to c

reat

e in

cent

ives

to e

ncou

rage

reus

e, w

here

app

ropr

iate

• U

tility

influ

ence

s fu

ndin

g ag

enci

es to

prio

ritiz

e w

ater

sec

tor p

roje

cts

• R

egul

ator

s an

d ut

ility

wor

k to

geth

er to

reso

lve

cros

s-m

edia

issu

es•

Mec

hani

sm e

xists

for r

esol

ving

diff

eren

ces

in

confl

ictin

g re

gula

tions

, dea

ling

with

ext

erna

litie

s,

and

crea

ting

the

spac

e fo

r inn

ovat

ion

Reg

ulat

ory

Ris

k M

anag

emen

tId

entif

y an

d P

riorit

ize

Ris

ks•

Eval

uate

lega

l/reg

ulat

ory

impl

icat

ions

of

volu

ntar

y ac

tion

• Id

entif

y ea

rly te

chno

logy

ado

ptio

n ris

ks

• S

tate

-of-t

he-a

rt te

chno

logy

vs

new

tech

nolo

gy

vs t

echn

olog

y sp

ecifi

ed b

y re

gula

tion

• Ev

alua

te c

osts

of o

vertr

eatm

ent o

r reg

ulat

ions

th

at a

re n

ot p

ract

icab

ly im

plem

enta

ble

Miti

gate

Ris

ks•

Dev

elop

stra

tegy

for r

isk

miti

gatio

n

and/

or s

harin

g

•

“Cre

atin

g th

e S

pace

for I

nnov

atio

n”

•

“Saf

e H

arbo

r”•

Enco

urag

e po

licie

s th

at e

nabl

e ra

pid

new

te

chno

logy

eva

luat

ion

and

adop

tion

Leve

rage

Inno

vatio

n•

Org

aniz

atio

n su

cces

sful

ly im

plem

ents

inno

vativ

e pr

ojec

ts a

nd is

ada

ptab

le to

em

ergi

ng

oppo

rtuni

ties

• A

ntic

ipat

e fu

ture

regu

latio

ns a

nd im

pact

s•

Org

aniz

atio

n su

ppor

ts in

tegr

ated

, sys

tem

s-

thin

king

app

roac

h to

regu

latio

ns, s

uch

as

•

Reu

se a

s cr

op ir

rigat

ion

sour

ce a

nd o

ther

Fo

od E

nerg

y W

ater

Nex

us is

sues

• P

ublic

–priv

ate

partn

ersh

ips

Wat

er R

ight

sE

valu

ate

Lega

l Fra

mew

ork

• Ev

alua

te p

ositi

ve a

nd n

egat

ive

impl

icat

ions

of

polic

ies

such

as

• C

onse

rvat

ion

man

date

s

•

Wat

er ri

ghts

(agr

icul

ture

, urb

an)

Man

age

Per

mits

• Pe

rmitt

ing

reus

e pr

ojec

ts a

ddre

ss le

gal r

isks

of

wat

er ri

ghts

Sou

rce

Ow

ners

hip

• O

wne

rshi

p of

sou

rce

(was

tew

ater

) and

the

prod

uct (

recy

cled

wat

er) i

s w

ell-d

efine

d


9: L

OC

AL

ISS

UE

SP

LAN

PR

EP

AR

E &

IM

PLE

ME

NT

EV

ALU

ATE

& I

MP

RO

VE

Loca

l Driv

ers

Iden

tify

Driv

ers

• Ke

y dr

iver

s ar

e co

nsid

ered

, inc

ludi

ng

•

Econ

omic

dev

elop

men

t

•

Wat

er s

carc

ity

• C

limat

e ch

ange

• R

egul

ator

y re

quire

men

ts

•

Urb

aniz

atio

n

•

Div

ersi

ficat

ion

of w

ater

sou

rces

• R

educ

ed d

epen

denc

y on

ext

erna

l sou

rces

Eva

luat

e Im

pact

s•

Eval

uatio

n of

impa

cts

to lo

cal n

eeds

dev

elop

ed•

Pro

ject

bou

ndar

ies

are

iden

tified

• Ec

onom

ic im

pact

s qu

antifi

ed (g

ross

dom

estic

pr

oduc

t gro

wth

, job

cre

atio

n)•

Nat

ural

reso

urce

s, im

pact

s ar

e id

entifi

ed (l

and

subs

iden

ce, w

ildlif

e ha

bita

ts, w

ater

sou

rces

)

Mai

ntai

n Vi

gila

nce

• P

lans

are

in p

lace

to a

dapt

to c

hang

es o

f driv

ers

Inte

grat

ed W

ater

R

esou

rces

M

anag

emen

t for

“O

ne W

ater

”

Eva

luat

e O

ppor

tuni

ties

• Ex

plor

e an

d an

alyz

e op

portu

nitie

s fo

r co

llabo

ratio

n on

wat

er re

sour

ces

betw

een

wat

er,

was

tew

ater

, and

sto

rmw

ater

util

ities

, as

wel

l as

oth

er w

ater

sta

keho

lder

s su

ch a

s th

ose

in

indu

stry

and

agr

icul

ture

• A

ll av

aila

ble

sour

ces

of w

ater

are

iden

tified

, in

clud

ing

reus

e, s

urfa

ce w

ater

, gro

undw

ater

, se

awat

er, s

torm

wat

er•

Pote

ntia

l par

tner

s an

d ne

ighb

orin

g ag

enci

es a

re

invo

lved

in w

ater

shed

-bas

ed p

lann

ing

• U

tiliti

es

•

Agr

icul

ture

• In

dust

ry

•

Pow

er p

lant

s

•

All

rele

vant

sec

tors

Est

ablis

h C

onne

ctio

ns•

Util

ity p

lann

ing

effo

rts a

re in

tegr

ated

with

ot

her a

genc

ies

rega

rdin

g m

ultip

le re

sour

ces

(e

g ,

wat

er, s

torm

wat

er, e

tc )

• Im

plem

ent c

ontra

cts

with

par

tner

s to

faci

litat

e da

ta e

xcha

nge

and

plan

ning

•

Reg

ulat

ory

issu

es h

ave

been

add

ress

ed a

nd

satis

fact

orily

reso

lved

• C

onsi

der e

mbe

dded

reso

urce

s in

wat

er s

uch

as

nutri

ents

and

ene

rgy

in w

ater

reso

urce

pla

nnin

g•

Con

side

r acc

umul

ativ

e co

nstit

uent

s

(sal

ts, m

etal

s) a

nd d

evel

op lo

ng-te

rm

man

agem

ent s

trate

gy•

Par

tner

s un

ders

tand

rela

tions

hips

bet

wee

n tre

atm

ent,

disc

harg

e, a

nd re

use

• Fr

amew

ork

for f

utur

e po

tabl

e re

use

deve

lope

d,

even

if in

itial

reus

e is

non

pota

ble

Leve

rage

Res

ourc

es•

Hol

istic

eva

luat

ion

met

hodo

logi

es (e

g ,

tripl

e bo

ttom

line

) are

use

d to

regi

onal

(wat

ersh

ed)

wat

er s

uppl

y pl

an•

Mat

ure

prot

ects

par

ticip

ate

in d

ialo

gue

to

prom

ote

wat

er v

alua

tion

that

is c

onsi

sten

t with

re

gion

al/w

ater

shed

sus

tain

abilit

y

•

Ret

urn

to ri

ver

• Lo

cal i

ssue

s (d

esal

inat

ion

plan

t nex

t to

floo

d fa

rmin

g)•

Opt

imiz

ed s

uppl

y de

man

d m

odel

exis

ts o

f fut

ure

grow

th a

nd re

silie

ncy

plan

s •

Opp

ortu

nitie

s ex

ist f

or w

ater

trad

e be

twee

n co

mm

unity

and

regi

onal

use

rs•

Wat

er re

sour

ces

man

aged

in a

n in

tegr

ated

m

anne

r (in

tegr

ated

wat

er re

sour

ces

utilit

y w

ith

wat

er/w

aste

wat

er o

r mul

ti-ag

ency

app

roac

h w

ith

embe

dded

lead

ersh

ip a

t all

leve

ls o

f org

aniz

atio

n

Col

labo

rativ

e P

artn

ersh

ips

for

“One

Wat

er”

Eva

luat

e O

ppor

tuni

ties

• Id

entif

y m

arke

ts/o

ppor

tuni

ties

for r

euse

wat

er,

as w

ell a

s ap

plic

able

wat

er q

ualit

y an

d

treat

men

t req

uire

men

ts

• S

ourc

e w

ater

and

trea

tmen

t obj

ectiv

es

are

iden

tified

acc

ordi

ng to

mar

ket a

nd

wat

er q

ualit

y ne

eds

Est

ablis

h C

onne

ctio

ns•

Con

nect

with

cus

tom

ers

and

pote

ntia

l cus

tom

ers

to e

nsur

e th

ey u

nder

stan

d op

portu

nitie

s fo

r di

vers

e, s

usta

inab

le s

ourc

es o

f wat

er

Leve

rage

Res

ourc

es•

Util

ity u

ses

partn

ersh

ips

to m

axim

ize

wat

er re

use

sale

s re

venu

es a

nd/o

r red

uce

dem

and

for w

ater

an

d en

ergy

, and

opt

imiz

e th

e ne

ed fo

r adv

ance

d an

d co

stly

leve

ls o

f tre

atm

ent

• S

yste

ms

thin

king

inte

grat

ion

of s

yste

ms

–

wat

er, e

nerg

y, fo

od –

is in

pla

ce


10:

STR

ATE

GIC

MA

NA

GE

ME

NT

PLA

NP

RE

PA

RE

& I

MP

LEM

EN

TE

VA

LUA

TE &

IM

PR

OV

E

Visi

onD

evel

op V

isio

n•

Lead

ersh

ip G

roup

dev

elop

s W

ater

Reu

se V

isio

n

•

Long

-term

5 y

ears

to 5

0 ye

ars

• R

esilie

nce

and

drou

ght-p

roofi

ng

•

Wat

er in

depe

nden

ce

•

Flex

ibilit

y

•

Util

ity fi

nanc

ial s

usta

inab

ility

• Ec

onom

ic d

evel

opm

ent

• En

viro

nmen

tal e

nhan

cem

ent

• R

esou

rce

reco

very

• H

ealth

and

eco

logi

cal

• B

ecom

e cl

imat

e-re

ady

• R

educ

e di

rect

and

indi

rect

em

issi

ons

• Im

prov

e re

silie

nce

— a

ddre

ss w

ater

sca

rcity

an

d di

vers

ify w

ater

sou

rces

• Im

prov

e ef

ficie

ncy

of w

ater

sup

ply

Com

mun

icat

e In

tern

ally

• W

RR

F le

ader

ship

/man

ager

s lin

k th

e vi

sion

to

sta

ff pe

rform

ance

pla

ns•

WR

RF

lead

ersh

ip/m

anag

ers

inco

rpor

ate

sust

aina

bilit

y go

als

and

key

perfo

rman

ce

indi

cato

rs in

to s

trate

gic

plan

Com

mun

icat

e E

xter

nally

• U

tility

sha

res

visi

on w

ith e

xter

nal s

take

hold

ers

and

the

indu

stry

• Lo

ng-te

rm, y

et fl

exib

le, p

lans

are

in p

lace

to

embr

ace

exte

rnal

mar

ket c

hang

es

•

Futu

re re

gula

tions

• Po

litic

al o

utlo

oks

• C

hang

ing

dem

and

• C

hang

ing

publ

ic a

ccep

tanc

e•

Rob

ust a

sset

and

risk

man

agem

ent i

n pl

ace

• R

evie

w p

erfo

rman

ce a

gain

st g

oals

• R

eass

ess

long

-term

goa

ls

Stra

tegi

c D

irect

ion

Set

Goa

ls•

Goa

ls a

nd k

ey p

erfo

rman

ce in

dica

tors

are

es

tabl

ishe

d fo

r bot

h w

ater

con

serv

atio

n an

d w

ater

reus

e to

enc

oura

ge e

ffici

ent u

se o

f in

tegr

ated

wat

er re

sour

ces

• In

vest

igat

ion

cond

ucte

d of

org

aniz

atio

nal

capa

city

(tec

hnic

al, m

anag

eria

l, an

d fin

anci

al)

to h

andl

e in

terd

epen

denc

ies

of a

reus

e pr

ogra

m

Gat

her

Sup

port

• U

tility

inco

rpor

ates

goa

ls a

nd k

ey p

erfo

rman

ce

indi

cato

rs in

to s

trate

gic

plan

•

Ade

quat

e or

gani

zatio

nal c

apac

ity e

xists

to

ensu

re e

ffect

ive

prac

tices

can

be

deve

lope

d an

d ad

opte

d to

mee

t dem

ands

of r

euse

pro

gram

s

Prio

ritiz

e &

Impl

emen

t•

Pro

gram

initi

ativ

es a

re p

riorit

ized

usi

ng to

ols

su

ch a

s S

trate

gic

Bus

ines

s P

lann

ing

• U

tility

util

izes

trip

le b

otto

m li

ne a

ppro

ach

for

sust

aina

bilit

y pr

ojec

t dec

isio

n-m

akin

g•

Inte

rdis

cipl

inar

y co

llabo

ratio

n ex

ists

to e

nsur

e th

orou

gh u

nder

stan

ding

of t

imes

cale

and

re

sour

ces

requ

ired

for r

euse

pro

gram

s

Sta

ff D

evel

opm

ent

and

Alig

nmen

t

Set

Tra

inin

g P

lan

• U

tility

fulfi

lls tr

aini

ng n

eeds

for a

ll re

leva

nt

posi

tions

: man

agem

ent,

engi

neer

ing,

an

d op

erat

ions

• C

urre

nt p

ract

ices

are

eva

luat

ed fo

r tra

inin

g ne

eds

with

resp

ect t

o po

tent

ial i

mpa

ct o

f wat

er re

use/

reso

urce

reco

very

act

iviti

es

•

Tech

nolo

gy c

ompl

exiti

es

•

Flex

ibilit

y to

mee

t mul

tiple

obj

ectiv

es

Trai

n an

d S

uppo

rt S

taff

• R

elev

ant s

taff

are

train

ed a

ccor

ding

to c

urre

nt

and

futu

re k

now

ledg

e re

quire

men

ts, i

nclu

ding

• Te

chno

logy

ope

ratio

ns

•

Pota

ble

appl

icat

ions

con

stra

ints

• P

redi

ctiv

e an

alyt

ics

• S

afet

y•

Sta

ffing

and

inst

itutio

nal k

now

ledg

e is

sues

, in

clud

ing

recr

uitm

ent,

enha

ncem

ent,

and

succ

essi

on a

re p

lann

ed fo

r

Em

pow

er S

taff

• S

tand

ard

oper

atin

g pr

oced

ures

and

S

CA

DA

sys

tem

are

sui

tabl

e fo

r new

pr

oces

ses

and

tech

nolo

gies

• O

pera

tions

sta

ff ar

e ce

rtifie

d in

bot

h

was

tew

ater

and

drin

king

wat

er o

pera

tions

• W

RR

Fs m

ento

r and

gui

de o

ther

loca

l and

re

gion

al u

tiliti

es to

adv

ance

reus

e go

als

• Te

am c

onne

cts

to o

ther

org

aniz

atio

ns to

m

aint

ain

curr

ency

of k

now

ledg

e


11:

FIN

AN

CIA

L S

US

TAIN

AB

ILIT

YP

LAN

PR

EP

AR

E &

IM

PLE

ME

NT

EV

ALU

ATE

& I

MP

RO

VE

Ben

efit

Iden

tifica

tion

Iden

tify

Ben

efits

• B

enefi

ts o

f wat

er a

vaila

ble

thro

ugh

reus

e ar

e id

entifi

ed a

nd a

ssoc

iate

d w

ith s

peci

fic

bene

ficia

ries

• B

enefi

ts a

re q

uant

ified

•

Long

-term

vie

w is

und

erta

ken

to r

epre

sent

fu

ture

gen

erat

ions

Ana

lyze

Ben

efits

• B

enefi

ts a

re e

xpre

ssed

in m

onet

ary

term

s to

de

mon

stra

te th

e in

here

nt v

alue

in w

aste

wat

er•

Ben

efits

are

eva

luat

ed o

n tr

iple

bot

tom

line

fo

r su

stai

nabi

lity

• D

efer

red

capi

tal a

nd o

ther

opp

ortu

nity

cos

ts

rela

ted

bene

fits

are

iden

tified

and

qua

ntifi

ed

Obt

ain

Ben

efits

• B

enefi

ts a

re in

tern

aliz

ed th

roug

h re

duce

d

cost

s an

d re

venu

e en

hanc

emen

t•

Rew

ard

ince

ntiv

es a

re c

reat

ed fo

r

oper

atio

ns s

taff

• E

nerg

y ef

ficie

ncy

• W

ater

res

ourc

e m

anag

emen

t

•

Inor

gani

c sa

lt m

anag

emen

t •

Car

bon

man

agem

ent r

esou

rce

reco

very

Cos

t Ide

ntifi

catio

nId

entif

y C

osts

• C

osts

of s

ervi

ce fo

r re

use

are

iden

tified

• Tr

eatm

ent,

dist

ribut

ion,

mar

ketin

g,

cust

omer

ser

vice

• C

apita

l, op

erat

ions

and

mai

nten

ance

• A

bsol

ute

and

mar

gina

l

Allo

cate

Cos

ts•

Cos

ts a

re a

lloca

ted

to fu

nctio

ns a

nd

orga

niza

tions

(w

ater

, was

tew

ater

, cus

tom

er)

• A

ncill

ary

bene

fits

to w

ater

reu

se a

re in

clud

ed

in c

ost a

naly

sis

with

res

pect

to o

ther

wat

er

sour

ces

to e

nsur

e co

nsis

tent

cal

cula

tion

and

com

paris

on b

etw

een

alte

rnat

ives

Ens

ure

Fairn

ess

• E

nviro

nmen

tal j

ustic

e/w

ater

as

a ba

sic

hum

an

right

is r

ecog

nize

d an

d ac

com

mod

ated

in th

e co

st m

odel

to e

nsur

e af

ford

abili

ty

Fina

ncia

l Via

bilit

yId

entif

y Fu

ndin

g O

ptio

ns•

Dev

elop

fina

ncia

l str

ateg

y to

sup

port

wat

er

reus

e pr

ojec

ts

• S

ourc

es o

f pot

entia

l fun

ding

are

iden

tified

• S

tate

Rev

olvi

ng F

und

(SR

F), f

eder

al,

and

stat

e gr

ants

• C

onsi

der

alte

rnat

e fin

anci

ng m

etho

ds

•

Pub

lic–p

rivat

e pa

rtne

rshi

ps (

P3)

an

d jo

int v

entu

res

• A

ltern

ativ

e pr

ojec

t del

iver

y (d

esig

n-bu

ild-o

pera

te,

build

-ow

n-op

erat

e-tr

ansf

er, e

tc )

• R

ecov

ery

of c

osts

from

rat

epay

ers

is e

valu

ated

to

ens

ure

full

unde

rsta

ndin

g of

lega

l fra

mew

ork

(incl

udin

g re

gula

tory

and

tax

ref

orm

law

s)•

Ince

ntiv

es a

nd t

ax c

redi

ts fo

r ne

w/in

nova

tive

or

ava

ilabl

e te

chno

logi

es a

re in

vest

igat

ed

Bud

get f

or S

ucce

ss•

Use

life

cycl

e an

alys

is fo

r pr

ojec

t de

cisi

on-m

akin

g•

Wat

er r

euse

is c

onsi

dere

d on

all

capi

tal

proj

ect d

esig

ns, i

n op

erat

ing

budg

et d

ecis

ions

, an

d st

anda

rd o

pera

ting

prac

tices

• S

usta

inab

le r

even

ue m

odel

is in

pla

ce

to a

ddre

ss

•

Equ

itabl

e co

st a

lloca

tion

• Va

riabi

lity

of d

eman

d (s

easo

nalit

y,

drou

ght,

abun

danc

e)

•

Div

ersi

ficat

ion

of fi

nanc

ial p

ortfo

lio

Inve

st in

the

Futu

re•

Effe

ctiv

e ut

iliza

tion

of a

vaila

ble

sour

ces

of

fund

ing

(pub

lic, p

rivat

e, b

onds

, SR

F, g

rant

s)•

Full

valu

e of

wat

er is

rec

over

ed in

reu

se r

ates

, in

clud

ing

varia

ble

cost

s ba

sed

on “

flavo

r” o

f w

ater

use

d an

d in

cent

ives

for

upst

ream

reu

se

and

recy

clin

g•

Loca

l ind

ustr

y an

d N

GO

s ar

e en

gage

d to

en

sure

con

tinuo

us s

uppo

rt fo

r fu

ndin

g•

WR

RF’

s re

cove

red

reso

urce

rev

enue

s

gene

rate

suf

ficie

nt fu

ndin

g to

inve

st in

oth

er

prio

ritie

s an

d re

duce

upw

ard

pres

sure

on

rate

s


12:

RE

SIL

IEN

CY

PLA

NP

RE

PA

RE

& I

MP

LEM

EN

TE

VA

LUA

TE &

IM

PR

OV

E

Res

ilienc

yE

valu

ate

Wat

er R

esou

rces

• A

vaila

ble

wat

er r

esou

rces

are

qua

ntifi

ed to

ev

alua

te r

esili

ency

of c

urre

nt s

uppl

y an

d th

e cu

rren

t sys

tem

s ab

ility

to m

eet f

utur

e de

man

ds

base

d on

gro

wth

and

sup

ply

shor

tage

• Im

port

ance

of d

iver

se w

ater

sup

ply

port

folio

is

und

erst

ood,

incl

udin

g

•

Reu

se

•

Sur

face

wat

er

•

Gro

undw

ater

• S

eaw

ater

• S

torm

wat

er

•

Con

serv

atio

n

Impl

emen

t Wat

er S

uppl

y P

lan

• M

etho

ds d

evel

oped

to d

efine

val

ue fo

r lo

ng-te

rm

sust

aina

bilit

y th

roug

h di

vers

ifica

tion

• W

ater

por

tfolio

and

res

ilien

cy a

nd

sust

aina

bilit

y

•

Clim

ate

chan

ge, u

rban

izat

ion,

etc

Opt

imiz

e S

uppl

y•

No

stra

nded

ass

ets

as fu

ll ut

iliza

tion

of

reu

se a

s a

new

wat

er s

uppl

y•

Div

erse

wat

er r

esou

rce

port

folio

is r

esili

ent a

nd

adap

tabl

e to

cha

nges

in d

eman

d, w

ater

qua

lity

Con

tinui

ty o

f O

pera

tions

Pre

pare

Pla

ns•

Inte

grat

ed c

ontin

uity

of o

pera

tions

pl

an is

dev

elop

ed

•

Nat

ural

dis

aste

rs (

hurr

ican

e, e

arth

quak

e,

flood

ing,

fire

s, e

tc )

• S

yste

m in

tegr

atio

n ris

k

•

Wat

er q

ualit

y dy

nam

ics

impa

ctin

g cu

stom

er

agre

emen

ts

•

Pub

lic s

afet

y•

Wor

ker

safe

ty (

gas,

che

mic

al s

pills

, etc

)

Test

, Im

plem

ent,

Impr

ove

• P

lan

is te

sted

and

rev

iew

ed fo

r

curr

ency

on

annu

al b

asis

Con

tinuo

us M

onito

ring

• P

roac

tive

cont

rols

and

mon

itorin

g

anal

ytic

s m

anag

e pr

oces

s ris

k


Experts’ Meeting Attendees

Kati Bell MWH

Raj Bhattarai Austin, TX

Jeff Biggs Tucson, AZ

Bryan Brooks Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Texas

Wendy Broley Brown & Caldwell

Ufuk Erdal CH2M

Ralph Exton General Electric

Roger Gorke United States Environmental Protection Agency

Anndee Huff Black & Veatch

Bob Holt General Electric

Bob Hultquist California Dept of Public Health (former)

Al Lau Padre Dam MWD

Barry Liner Water Environment Federation

Linda Macpherson New Water Resources

Melissa Meeker WateReuse

Julie Minton Water Environment & Reuse Foundation

Jeff Mosher NWRI

Naoko Munakata Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County, CA

Eric Owens West Basin, CA

Megan Plumlee Orange County Water District

Mark Poling Clean Water Services

Phil Rolchigo Pentair

Andrew Salveson Carollo

Andy Shea HDR

Bahman Sheikh

Brad Spangler Meridian

Christopher Stacklin OCSD

James Strayer Black & Veatch

Vijay Sundaram Stantec

Claudio Ternieden Water Environment Federation

Chris Thompson Edison International

Sebastien Tilmans Stanford University

Udi Tirosh IDE Technologies

Marisa Tricas Water Environment Federation

Ryujiro Tsuchihashi AECOM

Ifetayo Venner Arcadis

Rick Warner Washoe County, NV


Partners

About WEFThe Water Environment Federation (WEF) is a not-for-profit technical and educational organization of 33,000 individual members and 75 affiliated Member Associations representing water quality professionals around the world Since 1928, WEF and its members have protected public health and the environment As a global water sector leader, our mission is to connect water professionals; enrich the expertise of water professionals; increase the awareness of the impact and value of water; and provide a platform for water sector innovation To learn more, visit www wef org

About WateReuseWateReuse is an international thought-leader on alternative water supply development and the global go-to source for applied research, education, and advocacy on water reuse Representing a coalition that includes utilities, government agencies, and industry, WateReuse works to educate policy-makers and the public on the science, economic value, and environmental benefits of treating water to safely use it for designated purposes, such as irrigation, manufacturing, and drinking To learn more, visit www watereuse org

About NWRIThe National Water Research Institute (NWRI) is a 501c3 nonprofit based in Fountain Valley, California Their focus is to sponsor projects and programs dedicated to ensuring safe, reliable sources of water for both now and future generations Since NWRI’s founding in 1991, they have participated in collaborative efforts with more than 100 partners the world over to fund and further efforts in water education, outreach, and research To learn more, visit www nwri-usa org

About WE&RFThe Water Environment & Reuse Foundation (WE&RF) is a 501c3 charitable corporation seeking to identify, support, and disseminate research that enhances the quality and reliability of water for natural systems and communities with an integrated approach to resource recovery and reuse, while facilitating interaction among practitioners, educators, researchers, decision-makers, and the public To learn more, visit www werf org

The Water Reuse RoadmapCreate a diverse and resilient water management strategy with The Water Reuse Roadmap

COMING FALL 2017

Other resources available at www.wef.org/ShopWEF

The Nutrient RoadmapThe Nutrient Roadmap is a first step toward accelerating the transition to smarter nutrient management, facilitating the shift from removal to recovery, and anticipating future requirements to conserve energy and reuse resources Case studies explore the innovative, cost-effective solutions employed by pioneering wastewater resource recovery facilities

The Nutrient Roadmap acknowledges that each utility faces unique challenges and provides you with a variety of paths to follow and alternative destinations from which to choose as you embark on the road toward sustainability

184 pages | Order No P150002 | List $105 | WEF Member $84

The Energy RoadmapThe Energy Roadmap serves as a guide for utilities of all sizes on the path to sustainable energy management In it, you will explore innovative approaches to cost-effectively recover and reuse resources to transform “wastes” to valuable products The book outlines six stops on the path to resource recovery, presenting insights and models for1 strategic management,2 creating an organizational culture,3 effective communication and outreach,4 demand-side management,5 energy generation, and6 innovating for the future

148 pages | Order No P130001 | List: $55 | WEF Member: $44

the water reuse roadmap...the goal of the reuse roadmap is to develop a high-level approach to help...

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