the wide area view: synchrophasors - nysrc.org meeting material/070810... · • current wasas...

10/15 10/29

1/28

The Wide Area View:

SynchrophasorsAn Intelligent Utility Reality Webcast

July 8, 2010

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The Wide Area View: Synchrophasors

Phil CarsonEditor-in-ChiefIntelligent Utility Daily


The Wide Area View: Synchrophasors

Tony JohnsonConsulting EngineerSouthern California Edison

Jeff Younger Assistant Manager of Electronic SystemsSalt River Project (SRP)

Chantal HendrzakProject Manager and Applied Research DirectorPJM Interconnection


AgendaIntroduction

• Our definition of an intelligent utility

• As the grid becomes two-way, so does the conversation

The discussion

• Tony Johnson, Southern California Edison, explains synchrophasor technology and how it applies to SCE

• Jeff Younger, Salt River Project, discusses situational awareness and wide area measurement and control

• Chantal Hendrzak, PJM Interconnection, talks about how this applies to a multi-utility project

Q&A


10/15 10/29

1/28

Introduction: An intelligent utility operation


SCE’s Wide Area Situational

Awareness System

Anthony Johnson

[email protected]

7

© Copyright 2009, Southern California Edison

Outline

• What is a SynchroPhasor

• WASAS Design Considerations / Requirements

• WASAS System Design Overview

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and follow Intelligent Utility on Twitter @IntelUtil

8


What is a SyncroPhasor?

9


Keys to the success of SyncroPhasors

• Accurate time stamp

• Voltage, Current, and Frequency

• Magnitude and angle

• 30 Samples per second

• From points all over the grid



10


Outline

• What is a SyncroPhasor





11


WASAS Design Considerations / Requirements

• Not a synchrophasor data only system – a wide-area situation awareness system primarily for use by control center operators– EMS/SCADA data

– Non-electrical data (weather, fire, traffic, earthquake, etc.)

– More will be added in the future!!!

• Not a standalone system – must interface with variety of external systems– Other SCE systems, such as EMS/SCADA, engineering database, etc.

– External data servers for weather, fire, traffic, earthquake data

– Synchrophasor data from phasor systems of other utilities (e.g. WECC member utilities)

– May interface with more SCE internal and external systems in the future



12


WASAS Design Considerations / Requirements (cont.)

• Will need to evolve to become a wide-area monitoring, protection

and control system (WAMPACS) over time

– Must be able to support all types of wide-area monitoring, protection

and control applications

• System expansion anticipated

– More phasor measurements from SCE and others

– Other data (e.g. IED data)

• Will be part of SCE’s overall Smart Grid deployment

– Leverage SCE existing IT infrastructure and common services

13


WASAS Design Considerations / Requirements (cont.)

• Current WASAS deployment complete by end of 2011 as an

approved GRC project including all procurement, engineering,

deployment, installation, and testing processes

External

SCE

2-4 sec

LEGEND

External system

Data Store

Future

Functionality

WASAS system

Future System

External data

( e.g. weather, traffic,

fire, earthquake)

External Phasor data

(WECCnet/NASPInet)

External Direct P&C

(WECCnet/NASPInet)

EMS/

SCADA Other Data

Services (e.g.

weather)

Historian

Database

DFR/PMU

Direct P&C

(e.g. IEDs)

Advanced WAMPAC

Applications

WASAS

Real-time

Database

14


SCE’s vision about WASAS

• Separate presentation,

application, and data interface

parts with interfaces between

– Presentation and application

– Application and data input

adapter

• Work with NASPI to make

interfaces to become open

standards

Presentation

Applications

(include direct data pass thru)

Electrical Non-electrical

Data Input Adapter

Control

(future)



15


Outline

• What is a SyncroPhasor





16


WASAS as part of SCE Smart Grid Vision

OSB Adapters

External Interfaces

Cell Relay

Field Area Network

Ca

p B

an

ks

Sto

rag

e

Tra

nsfo

rme

r

Oth

ers

ITRON Cell Relay

Da

tab

ridg

e fo

r exte

rna

l

acce

ss to

M&

V d

ata

DMS

Dis

tribu

tion

Co

ntro

l

Lo

ad

Co

ntro

l

eD

NA

His

toria

n

EMS

Ph

aso

r Ga

tew

ay

Tra

nsm

issio

n/

Su

bsta

tion

Co

ntro

l

Data Nodes

UI

Co

mm

on

Use

r

Inte

rface

Human Machine

Interface (HMI)

HM

I-1

Re

lays

AV

VC

PC

PM

U

Devices

HM

I-2

OMSGIS

Operational Service Bus (OSB)

WiMax

WiMAX

Ba

ttery

Mo

nito

ring

Dig

ital F

au

lt

Re

co

rde

r

Le

ga

cy D

evic

es

(Typical) Distribution Substation

Protection

and Control

URCI Network

UR

CI

UR

CI

UR

CI

UR

CI

SCE Grid Control Center

AMI Network

Management

System

AMI MDMS

AMI Event

Services

GE Inet II

61850 (GOOSE)

61850 61850DNP3IEEE

C37.118 Comtrade

SCE Fiber NetworkWiMax

SCE Fiber Network

OSB Adapter

IP (61850)ANSI C12.19 / Smart

Energy Profile

OSB Comm/Security

Adapter

Home Area Network

Smart Appliances

HAN Devices

Electric Vehicles

PCT

MeterZ

igb

ee

OSB Adapter

Exte

rna

l Inte

rface

s

California ISO

WECC Utilities

Others

SCE Fiber Network

Comtrade DNP3Modbus/

Modbus+IEC 61850

ANSI

C12.19

IEEE

C37.11860870/

TASE2Smart Energy

Profile

External Users of Measurement

and Validation Data

OSB Comm.Security Adapters

Comtrade DNP3

Modbus/Modbus+

IEC 61850 ANSI C12.19 IEEE C37.118

60870/TASE2 Smart Energy Profile

Wide Area Fiber Network

(VPN - Future)

Wide Area Fiber Network (VPN)

CR

AS

Co

ntro

ller

(Typical)

Transmission

Substation

61850 (GOOSE)

OSB Adapter

IEEE

C37.118

SCE Fiber Network


Re

lays

61850

Other Common

Services

Smart Grid

Services

OSB Core

Security Services

Admin

Auditing

Encryption

Authentication

DF

R

PM

U

Ph

as

or D

ata

Ga

tew

ay

60

87

0/T

AS

E2

IEE

E C

37

.11

8

17


WASAS System Design Views – Network/Comm

SCEnet2 Conceptual Architecture

18


WASAS System Design Views – logical

Legend

NASPInet

EMS/SCADA

Applications

External

Intelligent Alarm &

Event Management

Real-Time

WASAS Apps

Weather

Traffic

Fire

Earthquake

EMS Applications

Network Model

SCADA

WAMPAC Applications

SCE Security

Perimeter WASAS/WAMPAC

EMS Historian

Data

System & Data

Management

Global Event Mgmt

Phasor Data

Concentrator

Substation

Other SCE Data

IEDs

DFR / PMU

Edge Security

Engineering

Historian

Visualization

Visualization & Event/

Alarm Processing

Authoring &

Configuration

Non-Real-Time

WASAS Apps

GIS … ...

Enterprise

Common Svcs

Device Mgmt

System and

Application Mgmt

Data Mgmt

Data BusSecurity

WECC

BPA PDC

CAISO PDC

[Other] PDC

Gateway

Gateway

Gateway

SCE Phasor

Gateway

Central Security

External Data

Proxy Servers

Existing or

Out-of-Scope

In Scope,

Near Term

In Scope,

Long Term

Analyticnal

(Real-time)

Operational

(Real-time)

19


WASAS System Design Views – Data Flow

LEGEND

External system

Existing

Data Store

Future Functionality

WASAS

Application

Servers

DFR

External PDCs

(WECC members)

PDC

External Data

Proxy Server

WASAS System &

Data Management

Visualization

Server

RT

PM

U d

ata

stre

am

Exte

rna

l P

MU

da

ta,

an

d

SC

E P

MU

da

ta r

eq

ue

st

PDC data stream

Data R

equest

Requested data

Data R

equests

Data requests

DF

R L

ocal tr

ig n

otificationWASAS

Historian DB

WASAS

Operational DB

Data

request

Ext

erna

l PM

U d

ata

requ

est/

SCE P

MU d

ata

EMS &

Historian DB

(eDNA)

Exte

rna

l P

MU

da

ta R

eq

ue

st/

SC

E P

MU

da

ta

SCE

Phasor Gateway

Exte

rnal P

MU

data

Request/

SC

E P

MU

data

Ext

erna

l PM

U d

ata/

SCE P

MU d

ata

requ

est

Exte

rnal P

MU

data

/

SC

E P

MU

data

request

Data request

Requested EM

S

& eDNA data

Request

ed d

ata

WASAS system

External P

MU data R

equest/

SCE P

MU data

Exte

rnal P

MU

data

Request/

SC

E P

MU

data

WECC

Phasor Gateways

(WECC members)

External P

MU data/

SCE P

MU data request

Exte

rnal P

MU

data

/

SC

E P

MU

data

request

Glo

bal R

ecord

ing T

rig R

equests

Requested data

EM

S &

eD

NA

Data

Weath

er,

eart

hquake,

fire

, and tra

ffic

Data

Requested applications

output data (analog, messages,

alarms/warnings, etc.)

External PMUs

Ext

erna

l PM

U d

ata

External Data

Source

Real-Time and/or archived

external data (weather,

earthquake, fire, traffic)

Real-time or archived

External data RequestsWASAS

Data Store

PMU

NASPInet Data Bus

(Future)

Future System

Request

ed H

isto

rian D

ata

His

torian D

ata

Request

DFR

Reco

rded d

ata

Historian D

ata Requests/

Data for long term

store

DFR

Reco

rded D

ata

Request

Sele

cte

d a

pplic

atio

ns

outp

ut d

ata

(analo

g, m

essages,

ala

rms/w

arn

ings, e

tc.)

Weath

er, e

arth

quake,

fire, a

nd tra

ffic d

ata

Engineering

& Other DBs

PDC data stream

Data

request

Request

ed d

ata

Data

request

Reg Info from SDM

Apps output Reg. Info

Re

g. in

fo r

eq

ue

sts

(De

vic

e,

Ap

ps, e

tc. R

eg

. In

fo)

Re

g In

fo fro

m S

DM

Valid

ate

d P

DC

data

Reg. info request

Reg. info request/PDC Reg. Info

Requested Reg Info

Requested H

istorian Data

PM

U d

ata

retr

ansm

issio

n r

equest

Requeste

d m

issin

g P

MU

data

Requeste

d H

isto

rian D

ata

EM

S &

eD

NA d

ata

Dat

a re

ques

t

Data

request

Requeste

d d

ata

WASAS

Analytical DB

Requeste

d d

ata

Data

Requests

20


WASAS System Design Views – Network/Comm (cont.)

MPLS Resource Sharing (backbone)

21


WASAS System Design Views – Security

22


WASAS System Design Views – Deployment

• Four environments: Operation (OP), Production Test (PT), Development (DEV), and Training (TR)– Full redundancy for OP and PT

– PT is exactly the same as OP

• External access of WASAS data is through WASAS external historian databases– Data are pushed from OP environment to external historian – no direct access from external

Firewalls and security boundary

TRN

=OP+Sim

DEV

=OP

Local

redundant

No local

redundant

OP

OP PT

=OP

PT

=OP

GCC-Main

GCC-Backup

Legend

Historian

WASAS

Historian

WASASMirrored

Historian

SCE Admin

23


Additional information

SCE’s Wide Area Situational Awareness

SystemAnthony Johnson

[email protected]

Office: 626-308-6936

Cell: 661-803-4499

www.sce.com/smartgrid

23



mailto:[email protected]

http://www.sce.com/smartgrid

SRP

Synchrophasor Activities

Jeff Younger

SRP Electronic Systems

07/08/2010 J. Younger

3rd largest public power utility

~940,000 electric customers

2,900 sq miles of service territory

90% Residential + 10% C&I

Salt River Project (SRP)n

Phoenix

Flagstaff

Tucson

Chandler

Gilbert

MesaTempe

Glendale

Peoria

Miami

GlobeScottsdale

SRP electric

SRP resale - utility

SRP resale

Not served by SRP

SRP’s irrigated area

Join the conversation on Twitter using #IUWebcasts and follow Intelligent Utility on Twitter @IntelUtil

SI

AX

AF

WT

RUD

OR

AN

KY

BD

PB

PP

WD

CL

KNX

ST

TS

ROS GF

SI

BRG

HAA

JOA

KY

BRG

CO

APS

CH

500kV

230kV APS

OCO

SCR

SRP Existing & FY11-FY13 Planned

RUD

PL

SCE

DEV

DIR

APS

WWG PES

PWT

WAPA

MD

SUF

APS

DVY

APS

SRA

APS

WPX

WAPA

LIB

APS

PAY

SDGE

NGA

APS

GLD

APS

ELS

APS

WWG

APS

WT

WAPA

CDG

WAPA

PPK

APS

PPK

(not all lines are shown)

TEP

SPVPAN

GRV

FY13

FY11

FY1x

FY11

FY12

FY13

FY12

FY11

FY12

FY13

FY11

Existing w/future

PMU on-line today

Future SRP PMU

Adjacent

utility

07/08/2010 J. Younger

Why Synchrophasors

• Instantaneous view of the state of the electric system

• Once you have the data, there are a variety of applications:o Enhanced state estimation

o Operator visualization

o Black Start visibility

o Line impedance derivation

o Post-disturbance analysis

o Island phase angle studies

o Power network model validation

o Oscillatory mode detection & damping


07/08/2010 J. Younger

Synchrophasor Data Flow – Concerns

• IRIG-B failure

• Communication channel failure

• PDC Software lockup

• Inter-vendor operability issues

• Different C37.118 interpretations

• Inter-utility data-sharing issues

• Data archiving concerns

• Security


07/08/2010 J. Younger

Industry Trends

• IEEE C37.118 now widely available

o Common platform, minimum performance standard

• Ethernet availability

o Increased bandwidth for wide area control applications

• Software advances

o Improved operator displays, on-line/real-time analysis

• Government & University R&D

o Optimal placement of PMUs

o State Estimation enhancement

• More DFR & relay-embedded PMUs

o Hathaway, GE, SEL, ABB


07/08/2010 J. Younger

Industry challenges

• Inter-operability

o Can brand G really talk to brand S? Reliably?

• Security

o Data sharing among utilities can be difficult

o More hooks into substation, relays

• Operator acceptance

o Must turn data into information

o Efficient visualization is key

• Cohesion among utilities

o Need for a common forum & standards

• Catch-22 application cycle

o Developer needs installed PMU base

o Installing PMUs requires a business need


07/08/2010 J. Younger

Western Interconnection Synchrophasor Program

(WISP)


http://www.pgecorp.com/index.shtml

http://www.srpnet.com/

http://www.sce.com/sc3/

http://www.pacificorp.com/index.html

http://www.caiso.com/

07/08/2010 J. Younger

WISP High-Level Scope

1. Synchrophasor Infrastructure

o Deployment of 250+ plus PMUs and phasor data concentrators (PDC)

throughout the Western Interconnection, data and wide-area network

communication infrastructure, IT infrastructure, and the NASPI

integration infrastructure

2. Synchrophasor Applications and Tools

o Real-Time Applications

Situational awareness for operators

Wide-area controls for automatic safety nets

o Offline Applications and Tools

Power system performance and disturbance evaluation

System-wide model validation

3. RC Reliability Improvement Processes


07/08/2010 J. Younger

SRP Synchrophasor Team

• An ongoing, multi-departmental effort

o Computer Applications – EMS, SE

o Communications Engineering – network

o Communications C&M – field installation

o Transmission Planning – model validation &

disturbance analysis

o System Protection – PMU design, settings

o System Operations – visualization

o Control Engineering – EMS, SE integration

o Relay Shop – field installation, maintenance


07/08/2010 J. Younger

Team Milestones

• Used real-time PMU data during Black Start exercise

• Installed permanent PMUs for Black Start path

• Installed permanent, redundant PDC network

• Initiated EIPP/NASPI & WISP involvement

• Evaluated GE N60 & L90 & Hathaway DFR PMU capabilities

• Published papers at WPRC, Texas A&M, NAPS, ETEP

• Funding research with Arizona State University

o Optimal placement of PMUs

o State estimator enhancement

o Line impedance verification

o Tools for operator situational awareness

o Generator dynamic parameter validation


07/08/2010 J. Younger

SRP Future Efforts

• Hardware

o 230kV & 500kV expansion plan is underway

o Evaluating Arbiter 1133A PMU device

o Hathaway DFR upgrades

• Software

o State Estimator & EMS integration

o Evaluating visualization packages (RTDMS)

• Industry Involvement

o Increased WECC WISP & JSIS involvement


07/08/2010 J. Younger

For Additional Information:

Steve Sturgill

[email protected]

602-236-4387

SRP Synchrophasor Contact


mailto:[email protected]

PJM©2010www.pjm.com

PJM SynchroPhasor Technology

Deployment

Chantal Hendrzak

General Manager – Applied Solutions

PJM Interconnection



PMU Installations in the U.S.

Source: NASPI, April 2010



Pre-Grant SynchroPhasor Deployment



PJM SynchroPhasor Deployment Project

Production Quality System to

Support 80+ Monitored Substations


PJM©201042

Voltage Stability

Monitoring

SynchroPhasor Applications

1-2 years 2-5 years >5 years ?

Disturbance Analysis

Determination of Accurate

Operating Limits

Angle & Frequency

Monitoring

Real-time Control of

wide-area network

System

Restoration

Improve State

Estimation

Wide-area

monitoring

Model Derivation

& Validation

Detection of

imminent Cascading

Real-time control

of corridors

Dep

loym

en

t C

hallen

ge

Ready to deploy

Needs moderate development

Requires more research

Inter-area

Oscillation

Detection & Analysis


Wide-area Monitoring.PPT





California Blackout.ppt



PJM©201044

When Visibility is Lacking

-170-160-150-140-130-120-110-100-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-10

0

15:05:00 15:32:00 15:44:00 15:51:00 16:05:00 16:06:01 16:09:05 16:10:38

Time (EDT)

Re

lati

ve

Ph

as

e A

ng

le

Cleveland West Michigan

Normal Phase Angle is approx. -25º

Phase

Angles

Diverged

Prior To

Blackout

August 14, 2003 Blackout


PJM©201045

Voltage Stability

Monitoring

SynchroPhasor Applications

1-2 years 2-5 years >5 years ?

Disturbance Analysis

Determination of Accurate

Operating Limits

Angle & Frequency

Monitoring

Real-time Control of

wide-area network

System

Restoration

Improve State

Estimation

Wide-area

monitoring

Model Derivation

& Validation

Detection of

imminent Cascading

Real-time control

of corridors

Dep

loym

en

t C

hallen

ge

Ready to deploy

Needs moderate development

Requires more research

Inter-area

Oscillation

Detection & Analysis










PJM©201047

TO

PJM

PJM SynchroPhasor Deployment: System Overview

Super

PDCEvent & Alarm

Processor

Displays

Phasor

Data

Archive

PJM Displays

PDCPMU

PMUPMU

Data

Processing

Data

Processing*

Other Monitoring Entities

(FERC/NERC, etc.)

EMS/

SCADA

* TOs can optionally receive

phasor data from PJM


PJM©201049

Metrics / Benefits

1-3 years

Eco

no

mic

Reli

ab

ilit

y

3-5 years

• Situational Awareness - Visualization

& Alerting/Alarming

• Event Capture & Tracking

• Model Validation & Improvements

• Post-Distribution Event Analysis

• Transmission Assets Monitored &

MW Flows

• Reduced Congestion Costs

• Infrastructure Investment

• Construction & Electric

Infrastructure Assets (80+ PMUs /

17 PDCs)

• Job Creation

• Reduced Wide Area Outages

and Faster Restoration

• Improved Voltage Stability

Tools

• Inter-Area Oscillation Tools

• Lower equipment failures

• Reduced Congestion Costs

• Optimized Operations


PJM©201050

For Additional Information on

PJM’s SynchroPhasor Deployment

Chantal Hendrzak

[email protected]

Office: 610-666-4635

www.pjm.com

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Closing Remarks

November 8-10, 2010 – Scottsdale, AZ

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY –

CUSTOMER SERVICE – OPERATIONS

If you are a senior executive at a utility/ISO/RTO and

have ultimate responsibility for enterprise-level decisions,

you should not miss this one-of-a-kind summit.

Go to www.knowledgesummits.com


Phil CarsonEditor-in-ChiefIntelligent Utility Daily

Upcoming Webcasts

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the wide area view: synchrophasors - nysrc.org meeting material/070810... · • current wasas...

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