The World At WarThe World At War

Chapter 18Chapter 18

On the Rise in 1914On the Rise in 1914

POSITIVESPOSITIVES-Steel, Coal, Iron were making large profits-Steel, Coal, Iron were making large profits-Selling goods around the world-Selling goods around the world-Automobiles were replacing horse and -Automobiles were replacing horse and

buggybuggy-Most Americans could afford the car-Most Americans could afford the car-Country was growing quickly-Country was growing quickly

NEGATIVESNEGATIVES-World War I-World War I

The First World War:The First World War:

►When?When?

•War involving nearly all the nations of the world

•1914-1918

►What?What?

Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and his Wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg one hour before their deaths, June 28, 1914

The First World War:The First World War:►Who?Who?

GermanyAustria-HungaryOttoman EmpireBulgaria

RussiaFranceGreat BritainItalyJapanUnited States (1917)

Central Powers: Allies:

One Event Brings WarOne Event Brings War

► Archduke Franz Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to Ferdinand (heir to Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary throne) got killedthrone) got killed

► Austria Hungary Austria Hungary declared war on declared war on SerbiaSerbia

► The Archdukes The Archdukes murder was an murder was an excuse to begin warexcuse to begin war

Read pg. 290

America Stays NeutralAmerica Stays Neutral

► President- Woodrow President- Woodrow WilsonWilson

► Slogan for re-Slogan for re-election: “He kept election: “He kept us out of war!” us out of war!”

Why did it take so long for Why did it take so long for America to get involved in America to get involved in

the war?the war?

►America was America was isolationist isolationist ►““Why should I get Why should I get involved in someone involved in someone else’s problems”else’s problems”

Why Did US Get Involved? Why Did US Get Involved?

Why Did US Get Involved?Why Did US Get Involved?

►-Germany (Central Power) decided to -Germany (Central Power) decided to end British control of oceans. end British control of oceans.

►-They wanted to stop shipments to -They wanted to stop shipments to Allies.Allies.

►-German submarines sunk British -German submarines sunk British ships.ships.

Why Did US Get Involved? Why Did US Get Involved?

►-May 1915- A German sub sank the -May 1915- A German sub sank the passenger liner passenger liner Lusitania. Lusitania.

►American civilians were killedAmerican civilians were killed►-US entered WWI (Allie Power)-US entered WWI (Allie Power)

The LusitaniaThe Lusitania

Democracy vs. DictatorshipDemocracy vs. Dictatorship

►Democracy is run Democracy is run by all the people of by all the people of the country. the country.

►Dictatorship is run Dictatorship is run by one person. by one person.

The Zimmerman Letter The Zimmerman Letter

►Arthur Zimmerman (a German) Arthur Zimmerman (a German)

-sent letter to Mexico promising -sent letter to Mexico promising them land in Arizona, Texas, and New them land in Arizona, Texas, and New Mexico if they sided with themMexico if they sided with them

-Allied Powers intercepted the -Allied Powers intercepted the letter letter

US Enters WarUS Enters War

► April 6, 1917- US became Allied PowerApril 6, 1917- US became Allied Power► US provided the money, food, supplies, US provided the money, food, supplies,

and troops to win the war. and troops to win the war.

Trench WarfareTrench Warfare

Trench WarfareTrench Warfare

Chlorine & Mustard Gas

FlamethrowerFlamethrower

U-BoatsU-Boats

The ZeppelinThe Zeppelin

Poisonous Gas

• German military scientists experimented with gas as a weapon.

• Gas in battle was risky: Soldiers didn’t know how much to use, and wind changes could backfire the gas.

• Then Germans threw canisters of gas into the Allies’ trenches.

• Many regretted using gas, but British and French forces began using it too, to keep things even.

Tanks

• When soldiers began to carry gas masks, they still faced a stalemate.

• British forces soon developed armored tanks to move into no-man’s-land.

• These tanks had limited success because many got stuck in the mud.

• Germans soon found ways to destroy the tanks with artillery fire.

New Weapons of WarNew Weapons of WarAirplanes

• Both sides used planes to map and to attack trenches from above.

• Planes first dropped brinks and heavy objects on enemy troops.

• Soon they mounted guns and bombs on planes.

• Skilled pilots sought in air battles called dogfights.

• The German Red Baron downed 80 Allied planes, until he was shot down.

The End of WWIThe End of WWI

►Germany ran out of troopsGermany ran out of troops►1918- The Allies won the war!1918- The Allies won the war!

►The League of Nations- Countries would The League of Nations- Countries would meet and work out their problems. Act meet and work out their problems. Act as a world court of law. Other countries as a world court of law. Other countries liked the idea, but Wilson could not get liked the idea, but Wilson could not get Senate to agree. US did not join it. Senate to agree. US did not join it.

Back at HomeBack at Home

►While men fought While men fought the war who would the war who would work the factories? work the factories?

--womenwomen

How did the War Affect the How did the War Affect the US?US?

►WomenWomen •Women filled factory jobs

•May have led 19th Amendment after the war (Gave women the right to vote)

•Black soldiers still served in Segregated Units

►African AmericansAfrican Americans

•“Great Migration” - thousands of African Americans moved North to work in factories