the xxi century trasports link between europe and africa italy, bridge across mediterranean sea
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THE XXI CENTURY THE XXI CENTURY TRASPORTS TRASPORTS
LINK BETWEEN EUROPE AND AFRICA
Italy, bridge across Mediterranean Sea
Great buildings in the past and Great buildings in the past and present timepresent time
YESTERDAY “To connect the oceans” (Panama, Suez)
• Powerful states, owners of powerful fleets
Through “parallels”• The courses to East
TODAY To connect the “Countries” Also through “meridians”Gibraltar and Mazara two borderlands of Europe
THE STRAIT OF MESSINA BRIDGETHE STRAIT OF MESSINA BRIDGE
Link between Italian regions and/or hinge between two continents ?
It will promote the change of goods transport from road to railway
SUBMARINE TUNNELSSUBMARINE TUNNELS
Existing tunnels
Sei-Kan Tunnel (Japan) Eurotunnel (France –England) Tokyo Bay (Aqualine) Tunnel (Japan)
Future tunnels
Tsushima-Kaikyo (strait) and Korean strait Gibraltar (Morocco-Spain) Bering Strait (Russia-USA)
SEI –KAN SEI –KAN
53.850 m length, existing from 1988 section
SEI - KANSEI - KAN
Profile
EUROTUNNELEUROTUNNEL
section
EUROTUNNELEUROTUNNEL
Upgrading works (Stratford-Dover, in progress)
TOKYO BAY- TUNNEL TOKYO BAY- TUNNEL Profile
TOKYO BAY- TUNNELTOKYO BAY- TUNNELBridge and artificial island Kase–no-to
TOKYO BAY- TUNNEL TOKYO BAY- TUNNEL Humi - Hotaru artificial island and bridge
GIBRALTAR TUNNEL GIBRALTAR TUNNEL
PLAN
GIBRALTAR TUNNEL GIBRALTAR TUNNEL
PLAN AND SECTION
GIBRALTAR TUNNELGIBRALTAR TUNNEL
PROFILE
BERING TUNNELBERING TUNNELRussia – USA and two Diomede’s islands
KOREA - JAPAN TUNNEL KOREA - JAPAN TUNNEL
in project 120 km length, 5 islands
Sicily – Africa: tunnel trackSicily – Africa: tunnel track
Sicily - Africa Sicily - Africa profile, plan, sectionprofile, plan, section
P R O F I L O L O N G I T U D I N A L E D E L T U N N E L S O T T O I L C A N A L E D I S I C I L I A ( S I C I L I A - T U N I S I A ) P E R I L C O L L E G A M E N T O F E R R O V I A R I O T R A E U R O P A - A F R I C A S 1 S 2 S 3 S 4
2 0 k m 3 1 k m 2 9 k m 3 0 k m 2 6 k m C A P O B O N P I Z Z O L A T O I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I T U N I S I A S I C I L I A
T a b e l l a – P r o f o n d i t à f o n d a l i e t u n n e l I s o l e A r t i f i c i a l i
S 1 S 2 S 3 S 4
D i s t a n z a d a l l a S i c i l i a
1 3 6 1 2 0 1 3 1 1 1 6 1 0 5 9 2 8 5 7 4 6 3 5 6 4 8 4 0 2 6 2 2 1 0 3 0
P r o f o n d i t à f o n d a l e
0 2 5 1 5 0 5 6 2 0 5 2 0 0 6 0 8 0 7 0 4 0 9 0 3 5 5 8 6 0 9 2 3 0 0
P r o f o n d i t à T u n n e l
1 2 0 1 3 0 1 9 0 2 0 0 2 4 5 2 4 0 2 0 0 1 5 0 1 1 5 1 2 0 1 3 0 8 0 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 4 0 7 5 6 5
Tunnel Principale
Tunnel Principale
Tunnel di servizio
Connessione smorzamento effetto pistone ogni 200 metri
connessione di bypass totale ogni 375 metri
ARTIFICIAL ISLANDSARTIFICIAL ISLANDS
Channel of Sicily, is it possible to build a 130 km long tunnel ?
Artificial islands, Japanese experience, environment damage or benefit ?
REALIZATIONREALIZATION
Heads and islandsTBM machines Scheme and performances
RESULTS IN THE TIMERESULTS IN THE TIME
Why only goods and services ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES
Building yard timeNorth Africa productions, quality and
quantity changesRemoval of industriesIncrease of people’s incomes and
fundamental consumptions
STAGESSTAGES
Research and feasibility projectConstituting Consortia and finding
investorsTechnical project and work planningTunnel heads, islands and links
realization Drilling phaseRealization of systems and plants
Technical data and performances Technical data and performances of the Sicily – Tunisia tunnel of the Sicily – Tunisia tunnel
-Total length 150 km.-Submarine portion length 136 km.- Two galleries (one for each way) with 7.6 m diameter,
and a 45 m distance between them.- Gallery of exploration/service 4.8 m diameter in
central position between the transit galleries.- Practicable total bypass connections every 375m.
- Aerodynamic bypass every 200 m.
-Electric supply at the ends linked with national Tunisian/Italian power nets. At least two power stations at the artificial islands.
PHASES OF CONSTRUCTIONPHASES OF CONSTRUCTION
The realization of the tunnel, by analogy with similar works, is divided in 4 phases at least:
- Geologic research and executive project, planning and commissioning (for a period of about 4 years).The works for the construction of the tunnel include three phases (for an estimable length of about 7 years):
- Positioning of 4 platforms for the building of artificial islands (well technique) and beginning of the realization of the heads (Pizzolato and Cape Bon terminals).
- digging of the different portions of the tunnel (5 long sections) and building of artificial islands.
- installation of all the technical plants (ventilation systems, drain systems …)
GOODS TRANSPORT ACROSS GOODS TRANSPORT ACROSS MEDITERRANEAN SEAMEDITERRANEAN SEA