therapy focus
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Therapy Focus
Importance of the feelings of self (ego) that arise from interactions and conflicts.
The sense of self, or The Ego is the core individuality/personality of a person
Adlerian therapy got its start from psychoanalysis.
It places emphasis on motivation and social interaction
A phenomenological approach
Social interest is stressed
Study of birth order and sibling relationships.
Purpose of therapy is teaching, informing, and encouraging.
Basic mistakes of client logic
o Overgeneralization
o Exaggerated need for security
o Misperceptions of life
o Denial of ones worth
o Faulty values
The therapeutic relationship is a collaborative partnership.
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Focus on the importance of each persons:
o Unique motivations
o Perceived niche in society
o Goal directedness
Phenomenological Approach
Adlerian's attempt to view the world from the clients subjective frame of reference.
Belief in how life in reality is less important than how the individual believes life to be.
Belief that it is not the childhood experiences that are crucial, but rather our present
interpretation of these events.
Belief that unconscious instincts and our past do not determine our behavior.
Social Interest
Adlers most significant and distinctive concept.
Refers to an individuals attitude toward and awareness of being part of the human
community.
Mental health is measured by the degree to which we successfully share with others and
are concerned with their welfare.
Happiness and success are largely related to social connectedness.
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Role of Birth Order Psychological Positions
Motivates later behavior.
First born/ Oldest
o Favored pseudo-parents, high achievers
o Receives more attention, spoiled
Second born
o Rivalry and competition
o Behaves a in a race, often opposite first child
Middle Child
o Often feels squeezed out
Last born
o More pampered, baby, creative, rebellious, revolutionary, avant-garde
Only Child
o Does not learn to share or cooperate with other children
o Learns to deal with adults
Encouragement
Encouragement is the most powerful method available for changing a persons beliefs
Helps build self-confidence and stimulates courage
Discouragement is the basic condition that prevents people from functioning
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Clients are encouraged to recognize that they have he power to choose and act
differently
5 Basic Tasks
Acceptance
Achieving Intimacy
Work
Spiritual Dimension
Community/Friendship
Adlerian Concepts
Basic Mistake- faulty, self defeating perceptions attitudes and beliefs, personal myths
Fictional Finalism- imagined central goal that gives direction to behavior and unity
Holism- study of humans as integrated beings
Insight- special form of self awareness
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Style of Life- individuals ways of thinking feeling and acting
Complexes
o Inferiority complex- normal feelings of incompetence exaggerated, feeling its impossible
and hopeless to reach goals
o Superiority complex- very high opinion of self, bragging, quick to argues often
Organ Inferiority- everyone is born with some physical weakness, this motivates life
choices
Aggression Drive- reaction to perceived helplessness or inferiority, lashing out against the
inability to achieve or master
Masculine Protest- kids work to become independent from adults and people in power.
Perfection striving- people who are not neurotically bound to an inferiority complex
spend their lives trying to meet fictional goals
o Elimination of perceived flaws
o As if philosophy
o Gives motivation and focus
Social responsibility and understanding of social issues
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o Occupation tasks
career,
self worth
o Societal tasks
Creating friendships
Social networks
o Love tasks
Life partner
Positive and Goal Oriented Humanity
o People striving to overcome weakness to function productively
o Urge to contribute to society
Adlerian Therapy Process
The role of the client
o Explore private logic- concepts about self, others and life
o Discover purposes of behavior or symptoms of basic mistakes associated with their coping.
o Learn how to correct faulty assumptions and conclusions
The Client Therapist Relationship
o Based on mutual trust, respect, confidence and alignment of goals.
o Collaborative relationship
o Develop a therapeutic contract (goals for therapy)
o Emphasis of responsibility on client for his or her own behaviors
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Techniques
Establish a therapeutic relationship
o Therapists gets to know the client as a person
o Collaborate on goals for therapy
o Supportive therapist creates caring human connection
o Therapist work to make client feel deeply understood and accepted.
o Client focuses on what needs to change in therapy.
Explore the psychological dynamic operating in the client
o Consists of a subjective interview
o Clients tells own story as expert on own life
o Therapists listens for cues to clients coping and approach to life
o Objective interview
Family constellation
Early recollections
Personal priorities
Integration and summary
Encourage development of self understanding (insight into purpose)
o Understanding motivates that operate in clients life
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o Client disclosure and therapist interpretation (open ended manner)
o Make unconscious into conscious
o Confront resistance to help client and therapist align
o Explore purposes of symptoms, feelings, behaviors and human difficulties or block
Help client make new choices (reorientation and reeducation)
o Encouragement process
o Change and search for new possibilities
o Make a difference through change in behavior, attitude and perceptions.