this work has been sponsored by: the defense spectrum … · 2019-02-06 · spectrum transition,...

› Policies for incoming and outgoing users can determine acceptable network operating parameters for reliable service.

» How many UEs can utilize the SS band without interfering with critical services from outgoing users or incoming LTE users?

› Outgoing users can plan around how much LTE traffic they will be contending with in SS bands.

» How will interference growth over time impact existing services?

Tools for Spectrum Planning and Decision Making

1

› Operators can forecast how and when network deployment can impact performance or cost targets.

» How many SS-compatible UEs should be deployed in an area to justify the CAPEX of SS deployment?

Continuing R&D

Forecasting Methodology for LTE Traffic in Spectrum Sharing BandsSimplifying assumptions

› The following modeling assumptions enable the use of average LTE traffic to forecast its evolution with minimal information about the incoming LTE network:

» All UEs generate the same amount of traffic.» The LTE system’s goal is to maximize resources available to each UE.» SS-compatible UE deployment is based upon historical survey data from the launch

of the iPhone 6 in the U.S.4,5

Resource availability effects on LTE network performance› Resource availability measures the average RBs available to any given UE.

» Measured in units of RBs per UE.› Higher resource availability is perceived to improve network performance for

subscribers, as there are more RBs available at any given time for use.» The simplified assumption that maximizing the resource availability across the network

implies an ideal case is where each UE has an opportunity to access an equal share of all network resources — represented by the balanced scenario (see case study on left).

› Short-term loading estimates in the SS band take into account the number of SS-compatible UEs and LTE network loading conditions before ST and SS:

» is the estimated load in the SS band — i.e., shaded areas in case study, on left — where : the total number of UEs (before SS), and : number of SS-compatible UEs deployed.

l̂ss = l · NRB,existing

d· dss

NRB,ss<latexit sha1_base64="ISHzBZbQTVXmm832B4y6447SA4c=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="ISHzBZbQTVXmm832B4y6447SA4c=">AAADyXicdVJNb9NAEN3WfJTylcKRy4qoEoc2SiokuCC1BSQkBBRK2kpxFK3X43iV9a67O44SLJ/4c/wF/gRXOLLrBLVOxEiWZue9Nzt+O1EuhcVu9+fGZnDj5q3bW3e27967/+Bha+fRmdWF4dDnWmpzETELUijoo0AJF7kBlkUSzqPJa4+fT8FYodVXnOcwzNhYiURwhq40akVhyrCU1ShEmGFpbfWKShryWCMNE8N4+XEJfTneg5kbSKhxVZVx1SDFV/rqusKfR612t9Otg64nvWXSJss4Ge1sfgpjzYsMFHLJrB30DnIclsyg4BKq7bCwkDM+YWMYuFSxDOywrM2o6K6rxDTRxn0KaV29rihZZu08ixwzY5jaVcwX/4dhmlWU7tKjOKaYAs2N1gkFNRVGKz/uqsCPYJ2kjgbo+xubOLBuZ+t+9aV8MfkaG7WW/+jUFnmuDdb/6UFao67MU8osLVQMJnIvMwFs2oXJy2EpVF4gKL5wKymkk1O/HjQWBjjKuUsYN8IZTnnKXCN0S9QYaeYf3o9zKplCb7lnuaVq0jhTHKTnvRFsrBWTrrlFIyZAdYEULgu2phpAIcHsx2Is0O4tDm5P9xnnzuRhWVemme/at1Bbd/ThlL715cWze1+uWrsV7K0u3HpydtDpdTu9z8/bh8fLZdwiT8hT8oz0yAtySN6RE9InnPwgv8hv8id4H1wGs+Dbgrq5sdQ8Jo0Ivv8FEARBag==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="ISHzBZbQTVXmm832B4y6447SA4c=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="ISHzBZbQTVXmm832B4y6447SA4c=">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</latexit>


d· dss



d· dss



d· dss


Estimating LTE network loading› The network-wide loading, , with SS bandwidth — i.e., dotted line in case

study, on left — can be estimated by scaling the current network load based upon the total resources available after SS;

» represents the network-wide loading before SS bandwidth is deployed.» is the network bandwidth — expressed in RBs — before SS.» is the number of RBs added through SS.

l̂ =l ·NRB,existing

NRB,existing +NRB,ss<latexit sha1_base64="eGRi+ZSY9x1aR7tIbqGvJ8p8BUg=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eGRi+ZSY9x1aR7tIbqGvJ8p8BUg=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eGRi+ZSY9x1aR7tIbqGvJ8p8BUg=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eGRi+ZSY9x1aR7tIbqGvJ8p8BUg=">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</latexit>


NRB,existing +NRB,ss<latexit sha1_base64="eGRi+ZSY9x1aR7tIbqGvJ8p8BUg=">AAADuXicdVJdb9MwFPUWPsb46uCRF4tqEhJb1UxIICGkbYDECzA2uk1qqspxbhpTxw72TdUqyv/ir/DCK/wM7LSItYUrRbo+99yT6+sTF1JY7Ha/b2wG167fuLl1a/v2nbv37rd2HpxbXRoOPa6lNpcxsyCFgh4KlHBZGGB5LOEiHr/29YsJGCu0+oyzAgY5GymRCs7QQcPWaZQxrGT9KkoN45WkEU800g/DCGGK1enxHkzdFEKN6rr6F0qfXiVbW9fDVrvb6TZB15NwkbTJIk6GO5sfo0TzMgeFXDJr++FBgYOKGRRcQr0dlRYKxsdsBH2XKpaDHVTN5Wu665CEptq4TyFt0KsdFcutneWxY+YMM7ta8+D/apjlNaW79ChJKGZAC6N1SkFNhNHKj7va4EewrqWJpaLXNzZ1xUbONnrNT/l88jU2ai3/0Kkti0IbbO7pi7SpOphnlFlaqgRM7F5wDLi8LkxfDCqhihJB8fm20lK6durtQBNhgKOcuYRxI9zCKc+YE0JnmqWRpt4gfpwzyRT6lXuWM9EyjTPFQXreG8FGWjHpxC0aMQaqS6TwtWRrXX0oJZj9RIwE2r35wflyn3HuljyoGmSSe9WehWZ1R+/P6FsPz5/d7+WvtLNguGq49eT8oBN2O+GnZ+3D44UZt8gj8pg8ISF5Tg7JO3JCeoSTb+QH+Ul+BS8DFmTBlzl1c2PR85AsRWB/A91ZOVQ=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eGRi+ZSY9x1aR7tIbqGvJ8p8BUg=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eGRi+ZSY9x1aR7tIbqGvJ8p8BUg=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="eGRi+ZSY9x1aR7tIbqGvJ8p8BUg=">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</latexit>l̂ =

l ·NRB,existing






› With the addition of SS bandwidth, an LTE system can spread traffic across more network resources in the time and frequency domains.

» In LTE, a time-frequency resource is called a Resource Block (RB).› The evolution of traffic from an incoming LTE system can be modeled as

scenarios describing resource availability based upon the number of deployed LTE devices that support the SS band, SS band deployment, and how an LTE system assigns resources in SS bands.

» There are many, many different network parameters that affect network loading in a particular channel.

— To illustrate, the figure above presumes the LTE scheduler’s objective is to distribute resources equally across the network (see simplifying assumptions, on right).

— Model parameters can be adjusted to accommodate different LTE deployment and operation strategies — and are ideally tailored to a given LTE system during ST.

FORECAST REPRESENTS SHORT-TERM EVOLUTION AND AN EQUILIBRIUM NETWORK TRAFFIC BOUNDARY FOR SS

Scenario Description LTE network performance

BALANCED The anticipated LTE network-wide loading in SS bands, when deployed by an incoming user; Presumes all UEs can tune to the SS band(s) and the LTE network scheduler chooses to uniformly spread traffic across all available network RBs.

Models a reactive LTE deployment — i.e., LTE is deployed in response to there being a critical mass of SS-compatible UEs present to achieve an improvement to the equal share of network resources available per UE.

UNDERLOADED There is less LTE traffic in SS bands than expected based upon the average network-wide load for an incoming LTE network.

Represents a proactive LTE deployment where SS bands are added to the LTE network before there are enough new UEs deployed to uniformly schedule traffic across all the LTE bands — traffic loading may be higher in other LTE bands where non-SS UEs have access to fewer RBs per UE.

OVERLOADED LTE network traffic in SS bandwidth is greater than the average network-wide traffic load.

A hypothetical scenario of how the load in the SS band would increase if new UEs were forced to use the SS band — UEs forced into SS-bands would have fewer RBs per UE.

�1

Existing network load = 0.2, SS bandwidth = 5 MHz, Existing LTE bandwidth = 50 MHz

0

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0.2

0.3

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0.5

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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Estim

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BALANCED

UNDERLOADED

OVERLOADED

BALANCE POINT

LELLA: IPHONE 6 DEPLOYMENT

LEVIN & LOWITZ:

IPHONE 6 DEPLOYMENT

Time since iPhone 6 launch (months)

CASE STUDY: HISTORICAL IPHONE 6 LAUNCH

4 5

Solution Approach Model interference to outgoing users based on the incoming users’ traffic1. Utilize market data and demographics to estimate LTE loading.2. Model wireless carrier and subscriber behavior over time — e.g.,

» Carrier spectrum deployment behavior— Does LTE end User Equipment (UE) support the new band (yet)?— Where, geographically, can carriers offer service in the new band?

» Consumer UE upgrade (and retirement) behavior— How many UEs — e.g., smartphones — will come online?— When will new UEs start showing up?

3. Create a network loading forecast for the LTE network.

› During a Spectrum Transition (ST), wireless spectrum resources are moved from one exclusive user to another user — e.g.,

» The Advanced Wireless Services 3 (AWS-3) transition.

Introduction

› Outgoing users provide critical services to society:» NOAA operates weather services in AWS-3 — e.g.,

— Hurricane intensity and location analysis,— Sea surface temperatures, and— Search and rescue.

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› Incoming users are eager to deploy and also provide beneficial services to society — e.g.,

» Wireless carriers want to improve their LTE networks:— T-Mobile deployed AWS-3 spectrum in their network in 2016 ;— In March 2018, Verizon Wireless requested FCC permission for AWS-3 field

trials .

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› Any Spectrum Sharing (SS) between users during ST must ensure that both incoming and outgoing services can co-exist.

» How should SS be used to support ST? — e.g.,When should SS be used during a transition? How long should SS be utilized during the transition?

Challenges

Forecasting Short-Term Cellular Traffic Evolution During a Spectrum Transition

Thaddeus [email protected]

J. Kartheek [email protected]

Harpreet S. [email protected]

Jeffrey H. [email protected]

WIRELESS @This work has been sponsored by: The Defense Spectrum Organization via the National Spectrum Consortium and The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc.

CONNECT WITH US ATWIRELESS.VT.EDU

1. NTIA. (2013, Feb 21). Commerce Spectrum Management Advisory Committee Working Group 1 Final Report (v2).Available from: https://www.ntia.doc.gov/other-publication/2013/csmac-wg-1-final-report-v2

2. Ray, N. (2016, Oct. 21) The Un-relenting Un-carrier Network, T-Mobile.3. Alleven, M. (2018, Mar. 8) Verizon prepares for tests of new LTE equipment using AWS-3 Band 66, FierceWireless.4. Lella, A. (2017, Apr 19). U.S. iPhone Ownership Reaches All-Time High on Strength of iPhone 7.

Available from: https://www.comscore.com/Insights/Blog/US-iPhone-Ownership-Reaches-All-Time-High-on-Strength-of-iPhone-75. Levin, M. and Lowitz, J. (2017, May 5). iPhone US Installed Base Growth Slows.

[PDF document]. Retrieved from: http://files.constantcontact.com/150f9af2201/951bd5fb-7410-4d08-a403-084f0cec482e.pdf

Outcomes / effects

Outcomes / effects

Outcomes / effects

Outcomes / effects

Inputs / constraints




Traffic forecasting is but one aspect of our ST R&D; When utilized in conjunction with complementary R&D such as

› LTE emissions simulation,› 5G technology capability models, and› human mobility models

the traffic evolution model enables deeper exploration of ST inputs, effects, and outcomes — and a framework illustrating integrated ST and SS exploration is below.

this work has been sponsored by: the defense spectrum … · 2019-02-06 · spectrum transition,...

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