Thomas Thomas Jefferson’s Jefferson’s PresidencyPresidency

1801-18091801-1809

The BeginningThe Beginning

March 4, 1801March 4, 1801 Thomas Jefferson is Thomas Jefferson is

the first President the first President inaugurated in the inaugurated in the new capital city of new capital city of Washington D.C.Washington D.C.

He delivers his first He delivers his first inaugural address. inaugural address. This address outlines This address outlines what he feels are the what he feels are the essential principles essential principles of government. of government.

First Inaugural AddressFirst Inaugural Address Essential Principles of GovernmentEssential Principles of Government

equal and exact justice to all equal and exact justice to all menmen

the support of state governmentsthe support of state governments compliance with the decisions of compliance with the decisions of

the majoritythe majority a well disciplined militiaa well disciplined militia maintaining a sound economymaintaining a sound economy freedom of religionfreedom of religion freedom of the pressfreedom of the press

Barbary WarsBarbary Wars Barbary States were in North Africa Barbary States were in North Africa

and those Barbary States (under rule and those Barbary States (under rule of Ottomans) demanded nations pay of Ottomans) demanded nations pay money to sail through Mediterranean money to sail through Mediterranean SeaSea

Jefferson had dealt with this as Sec. Jefferson had dealt with this as Sec. of State. He believed we should not of State. He believed we should not negotiate nor offer money to pirates.negotiate nor offer money to pirates.

May 1801May 1801 Pasha of Tripoli declares war with Pasha of Tripoli declares war with

the United States because the United States because President Jefferson refused to President Jefferson refused to make the immediate payment of make the immediate payment of $225,000 and the annual payment $225,000 and the annual payment of $25,000.of $25,000.

On the 20On the 20thth Jefferson sent the first Jefferson sent the first naval fleet to the area.naval fleet to the area.

The ships included the President, The ships included the President, Philadelphia, Essex and Enterprise.Philadelphia, Essex and Enterprise.

Barbary WarsBarbary Wars 1803 – Jefferson faces 1803 – Jefferson faces

much criticism for his much criticism for his decisions made decisions made regarding the war regarding the war

The Philadelphia runs The Philadelphia runs aground in the Tripoli aground in the Tripoli Harbor and it crew and Harbor and it crew and captain are taken captain are taken captivecaptive

He is forced to make 3 He is forced to make 3 command changes.command changes. 1801- Commodore 1801- Commodore

Richard DaleRichard Dale 1802 – Commodore 1802 – Commodore

Richard MorrisRichard Morris 1803 – Commodore 1803 – Commodore

Edward PrebleEdward Preble

Barbary WarsBarbary Wars Realizing that there was no way to recapture the Realizing that there was no way to recapture the

Philadelphia, Commodore Preble devises a plan to Philadelphia, Commodore Preble devises a plan to destroy the shipdestroy the ship

February 4, 1804 the Philadelphia was destroyed.February 4, 1804 the Philadelphia was destroyed. August 3, 1804 the first attack against Tripoli took August 3, 1804 the first attack against Tripoli took

place when the USS Constitution’s guns fired on the place when the USS Constitution’s guns fired on the city. city.

September 1804 – the final battle took place in the September 1804 – the final battle took place in the Tripoli HarborTripoli Harbor

June 4, 1805 after the Pasha of Tripoli had been June 4, 1805 after the Pasha of Tripoli had been replaced, a treaty was made with the United States and replaced, a treaty was made with the United States and the prisoners were released.the prisoners were released.

Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase April 30, 1803April 30, 1803

Robert Livingston & Robert Livingston & James Monroe signed James Monroe signed the Louisiana Purchase the Louisiana Purchase Treaty in ParisTreaty in Paris

The United States paid The United States paid $15 million for the $15 million for the land, roughly 4 cents land, roughly 4 cents per acreper acre

The purchase added The purchase added 828,00 square miles of 828,00 square miles of land west of the land west of the Mississippi to the Mississippi to the United StatesUnited States

July 4 the Louisiana July 4 the Louisiana Purchase is publicly Purchase is publicly announcedannounced Original treaty can be found at:

http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/american_originals_iv/sections/louisiana_purc

hase_treaty.html

Map of the Louisiana Map of the Louisiana PurchasePurchase

Lewis and Clark Lewis and Clark ExpeditionExpedition

January 18, 1803January 18, 1803 Jefferson asks Jefferson asks

Congress for funds to Congress for funds to explore the land west explore the land west of the Mississippiof the Mississippi

His goal is to find a His goal is to find a water route to the water route to the PacificPacific

May 1804May 1804 Meriwether Lewis and Meriwether Lewis and

William Clark depart William Clark depart on the expedition from on the expedition from what is currently St. what is currently St. Charles, MOCharles, MO

Lewis and Clark Lewis and Clark ExpeditionExpedition One of the most significant contributions of the Lewis and Clark One of the most significant contributions of the Lewis and Clark

Expedition was the production of the first accurate maps of the area. Expedition was the production of the first accurate maps of the area. During the journey, Lewis and Clark prepared approximately 140 maps. During the journey, Lewis and Clark prepared approximately 140 maps. One important result was that it enabled the United States to lay claim to One important result was that it enabled the United States to lay claim to the Oregon region. the Oregon region.

A second achievement of the expedition was a better understanding of A second achievement of the expedition was a better understanding of the country's natural resources. During the journey, the expedition the country's natural resources. During the journey, the expedition documented over 100 species of animals and approximately 176 plants. documented over 100 species of animals and approximately 176 plants.

Another achievement of the Lewis and Clark Expedition was that it Another achievement of the Lewis and Clark Expedition was that it established friendly relations with some of the Native American tribes. established friendly relations with some of the Native American tribes. Encounters with the three dozen Indian tribes were successful. They Encounters with the three dozen Indian tribes were successful. They collected a variety of Indian goods and gathered information on Indian collected a variety of Indian goods and gathered information on Indian languages and culture. languages and culture.

Second Inaugural Second Inaugural AddressAddress

Delivered on March 4, 1805Delivered on March 4, 1805 Stresses the importance of American Stresses the importance of American

neutrality in matters of foreign affairsneutrality in matters of foreign affairs Outlines the Louisiana Purchase and Outlines the Louisiana Purchase and

the processes by which the original the processes by which the original inhabitants of the land will become inhabitants of the land will become citizens of the United Statescitizens of the United States

Stresses the importance of harmony Stresses the importance of harmony amongst all inhabitants of Americaamongst all inhabitants of America

Embargo Act of 1807Embargo Act of 1807 1803 - Renewal of the Napoleonic Wars 1803 - Renewal of the Napoleonic Wars

between France and Great Britain between France and Great Britain America was once again trapped between America was once again trapped between

the two nationsthe two nations Jefferson wanting to stay neutral proposed Jefferson wanting to stay neutral proposed

an embargo on all foreign tradean embargo on all foreign trade This was highly unsuccessful and This was highly unsuccessful and

devastated the American Economydevastated the American Economy The Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 was put The Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 was put

in place to repeal the unsuccessful in place to repeal the unsuccessful Embargo ActEmbargo Act