tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of
TRANSCRIPT
1 October 28, 2015
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV) By Andrei Metrikine (homepage.tudelft.nl/v5u5c/)
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Content
1. Main types of current energy converters: uniform motions versus self-excited vibration.
2. VIVACE system (developed and patented by the University of Michigan)
3. Von Karman vortex street
4. The Vortex-Induced Vibration phenomenon
5. Pros and cons and a way forward.
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Horizontal- and vertical axis turbines
Uniform motion
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Hydrofoil and tidal kite
Self-excited vibration
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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VIVACE
http://www.vortexhydroenergy.com
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Von Karman vortex street
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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The origin of VIV studies in offshore engineering
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Power of VIV: full-scale impression
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Experiments and countermeasures (when needed)
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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The Strouhal frequency
s
s is the vortex shedding frequency of a stationary cylinder is the diameter of the cylinderis the flow velocity
Stf VD
fDV
=
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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The lift and drag coefficients for stationary cylinders
2
2
The lift coefficient: 0.5
The drag coefficient: 0.5
LL
DD
FCDLVFCDLV
ρ
ρ
=
=
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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VIV of an elastically supported cylinder
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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2k
2k
2c
2c
VIV of an elastically supported cylinder
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Results of the free vibration experiment
( )n nV V Df= ( )n nV V Df=
x max
max
cyl n
y
A X DA Y Df f f
==
=
VIV is a synchronization phenomenon
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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The synchronization phenomenon
in-phase synchronization
An original drawing by Christiaan Huygens
illustrating his experiments with pendulum clocks
(17th sentury)
anti-phase synchronization
synchronization with an arbitrary
phase shift
no synchrony
http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Synchronization
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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The forced vibration experiment
Added Mass Added Damping
negative
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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The wake oscillator model: idea
!!q + ε (q2 −1) !q + q = A!!y
Equation of Motion of the Structure:
Oscillator:
,A ε Tuning parameters:
Model by Facchinetti et al. (2004)
!!y + 2 ζ Ωn +M St__⎛
⎝⎜⎞⎠⎟
−1
Cx00
⎛
⎝⎜⎜
⎞
⎠⎟⎟!y +Ωn
2 y = M St__⎛
⎝⎜⎞⎠⎟
−2
Cy10 q,
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Generalization to large angles
!!y + 2 ζ Ωn !y + Ωn2 y = M St
__⎛⎝⎜
⎞⎠⎟
−2
− !ySt__
Cx00 + qCy1
0⎛⎝⎜
⎞⎠⎟
1+ St__⎛
⎝⎜⎞⎠⎟
2
!y2 4,
!!q + ε(q2 −1) !q + q = A!!y
!!y + 2 ζ Ωn !y + Ωn2 y = M St
__⎛⎝⎜
⎞⎠⎟
−2
− !ySt__
Cx00 + qCy1
0⎛⎝⎜
⎞⎠⎟
!!q + ε(q2 −1) !q + q = A!!y
Model by Facchinetti et al. (2004)
Model by Ogink & Metrikine (2010)
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Back to VIVACE
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Back to VIVACE
• The VIVACE converter is a transformational technology.
• It taps into a vast new source of clean and renewable energy, that of water currents as slow as 1 to 2 m/s, previously off limits to conventional turbine technology.
• The vast majority of river/ocean currents are slower than 1.5 m/s.
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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VIV energy generation: strong point
Occurs in a large range of current velocities and is easily tuneable.
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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VIV energy generation: weak point
Currently captures moderate amount of kinetic energy of currents Obvious solution: arrays and use of the wake-induced vibration
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Recent theoretical findings
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Recent theoretical findings
The synchronization range can be expanded and as much as needed kinetic energy can be captured
Tidal/current energy harvesting using the phenomenon of Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV)
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Thank you for your attention