time isn't a straight line. it's all bumpy- wumpy. there's ... · • multi-standard...

No. 1

“TIME ISN'T A STRAIGHT LINE. IT'S ALL.. . BUMPY -

WUMPY. THERE'S LOADS OF BORING STUFF. LIKE

SUNDAYS AND TUESDAYS AND THURSDAY

AFTERNOONS. BUT NOW AND THEN THERE ARE

SATURDAYS.”

- THE DOCTOR

No. 2

OVERVIEW ON COGNITIVE RADIO CONCEPT

AND APPLICATIONS

PHD COURSE ”COGNIT IVE RADIOS AND NETW ORKS: THEORY AND PRACTICE”

L E C T U R E R : A N D R E A F. C AT T O N I

No. 3

• Who?????????????

• Overv iew on CR concep t

• Main research f i e lds and top i cs .

• His to ry and v i s ions : M i to la , Hayk in .

• App l i ca t ion scenar ios : te rm ina l -cen t r i c recon f igu ra t i on , wh i te

spaces

Agenda

3 13-16 May 2013 A N D R E A F . C A T T O N I

P H D C O U R S E “ C R S A N D C N S : T H E O R Y

A N D P R A C T I C E ” , T C D , D U B L I N

No. 4

Who the *^;?+)=# is this guy????

• MSc and PhD @Univers i ty o f Genova ( ‘04/ ’08)

• @AAU s ince 2008, now Assoc iate Prof .

• Most common quest ion asked: why d id you leave those n ice warm beaches for the co ld DK?

• Second most asked quest ion: why Ber lusconi????

13-16 May 2013 4 A N D R E A F . C A T T O N I



No. 5

• I T U : A r a d i o o r s y s t e m t h a t s e n s e s , a n d i s a w a r e o f , i t s o p e r a t i o n a l e n v i r o n m e n t a n d c a n d y n a m i c a l l y a n d a u t o n o m o u s l y a d j u s t i t s r a d i o o p e r a t i n g p a r a m e t e r s a c c o r d i n g l y

• F C C : C R i s a r a d i o t h a t c a n c h a n g e i t s t r a n s m i t t e r p a r a m e t e r s b a s e d o n i n t e r a c t i o n w i t h t h e e n v i r o n m e n t i n w h i c h i t o p e r a t e s

• N T I A : A r a d i o o r s y s t e m t h a t s e n s e s i t s o p e r a t i o n a l e l e c t r o m a g n e t i c e n v i r o n m e n t a n d c a n d y n a m i c a l l y a n d a u t o n o m o u s l y a d j u s t i t s r a d i o o p e r a t i n g p a r a m e t e r s t o m o d i f y s y s t e m o p e r a t i o n , s u c h a s m a x i m i z e t h r o u g h p u t , m i t i g a t e i n t e r f e r e n c e , f a c i l i t a t e i n t e r o p e r a b i l i t y, a c c e s s s e c o n d a r y m a r k e t s

• W W R F : C o g n i t i v e R a d i o e m p l o y s a d y n a m i c t i m e - f r e q u e n c y - p o w e r b a s e d r a d i o m e a s u r e m e n t a n d a n a l y s i s o f t h e R F e n v i r o n m e n t , t o m a k e a n o p t i m u m c h o i c e o f c a r r i e r f r e q u e n c y a n d c h a n n e l b a n d w i d t h t o g u i d e t h e t r a n s c e i v e r i n i t s e n d - t o -e n d c o m m u n i c a t i o n , w i t h q u a l i t y o f s e r v i c e b e i n g a n i m p o r t a n t d e s i g n r e q u i r e m e n t

What is Cognitive Radio?




No. 6

What do they have in common?

• They ta lk about a ” rad io” .

• They ta lk about in teract ion wi th the env i ronment .

• They ta lk about measur ing .

• They ta lk about dec is ion making.

• They ta lk about autonomic i ty.

• They ta lk about adaptat ion.

Sense RF

Make Decision

Adjust

Environment

Radio




No. 7

• W i thou t knowing any th i ng be fo rehand , we c a n a lmos t g e t t he s o - ca l l ed ” Cogn i t i ve Cyc le ” .

• Do they r ea l l y de f i ne wha t CR d o e s , comes f r om and i t i s use fu l f o r?

• They a re r egu la to ry / f r amework de f i n i t i ons , u s e d t o se t t he s tage f o r a l l t he spec i f i c t op i cs .

• More de ta i l ed de f i t i ons have b e e n p roposed a l ong t he way i n l i t e ra tu re .

• Be fo re go ing d e e p e r, l e t ’ s s e e a b i t o f h i s t o r y and t he ma jo r p l aye rs .

What do we get out of them?




No. 8

In the beginning was the Software Defined Radio…

RF Processing

A/DC

Modem

Network Stack

SW controlled / implemented

Why was it

attractive?

HW Resources

Std1 Std2 Std3

Network Convergence

GPP/FPGA SW processing

Multi-standard Radio




No. 9

• Mul t i - s tandard rad io were cons ide red the fu tu re i n mob i l e te rm ina ls .

• Today we know i t i s t rue , bu t 20 years ago the f i r s t GSM phones were bare l y ava i l ab le .

• Today we inco rpora te :

• 3G

• GSM

• WiF i

• Blue too th

• GPS

• Cheap mu l t i - s tandard v ia so f tware re -con f igu ra t i on was a revo lu t ionary concep t .

Evolution path




• 4G

• NFC

No. 10

• One o f the ma in p rob lem was the i n te rna t i ona l compat ib i l i t y

• US had CDMA2000 and GSM in Europe

• Even fo r the same sys tem, e .g . GSM, the re were d i f fe ren t bands :

• 900 MHz / 1800 MHz

• 800 MHz / 1900 MHz

• The o the r app l i ca t ion was emergency management / pub l i c se rv i ce i n te roperab i l i t y

• St i l l t oday i n US the re a re d i f fe ren t rad io sys tems fo r each coun ty /c i t y / fo rce

• Mi l i t a ry app l i ca t ion i s a lways p resen t

• I n te rna t i ona l i n te r - fo rce sys tems

Why was multi-standard reconfigurable radio useful?




No. 11

One day someone decided to stich a brain to it…

• The f i rs t appearence of the ”Cognit ive Radio” term was with J. Mito la.

• While developing XML for radio systems, he tr ied to jo in the ar t i f ic ia l in te l l igence wor ld wi th the radio one.

11

HW Resources

Std1 Std2 Std3

Network Convergence

Funny enough, it was not even a radio guy!

Mitola, J., III; Maguire, G.Q., Jr.; , "Cognitive radio: making software radios more personal," Personal

Communications, IEEE , vol.6, no.4, pp.13-18, Aug 1999

URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=788210&isnumber=17080

13-16 May 2013 A N D R E A F . C A T T O N I



http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=788210&isnumber=17080

No. 12

The big players (short bibliography)

• C o g n i t i v e R a d i o , S o f t w a r e D e f i n e d R a d i o , a n d A d a p t i v e W i r e l e s s S y s t e m s , A r s l a n .

• C o g n i t i v e N e t w o r k s , M a h m o u d .

• C o g n i t i v e R a d i o C o m m u n i c a t i o n s a n d N e t w o r k s , W y g l i n s k i .

• C o g n i t i v e R a d i o Te c h n o l o g y, F e t t e .

• C o g n i t i v e R a d i o A r c h i t e c t u r e , M i t o l a .




No. 13

Why do we need CRN today? Full convergence: • Device (all-in-one) • Network (full-IPv6) • Service (cloud services)




No. 14

The crunch




No. 15

• Wi th in 2020 C isco fo resees a x1000 w i re less t ra f f i c i nc rease .

• Spec t rum a l l oca ted fo r b roadband w i re less w i l l become too few

a l ready i n 3 years t ime .

• Whi le the char ts show the l i censed spectrum on l y, the same wi l l

ho ld fo r the ”good” unl icensed a lso .

• Good means tha t p rov ides good coverage .

• 60GHz i s f ree bu t has ”propaga t ion i ssues ” .

• Never the less , i n te rms o f usage , the re i s a

t r i ck !

What the crunch is?

http://money.cnn.com/2012/02/21/technology/spectrum_crunch/index.htm

http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/spectrum-crunch




http://money.cnn.com/2012/02/21/technology/spectrum_crunch/index.htm




No. 16

What the measurements say

• Measurement Results:

• 30 MHz – 2 .9 GHz

• Max. ut i l izat ion ~ 25%

• Average usage ~ 5.2 %

• New York City average ~13.1%

•Spectrum is then stat ica l ly al located to a service , but i t is not a lw ays in use .

The occupancy was defined as the fraction measured in time and

frequency dimensions where the received signal strength exceeds a

threshold. M.A.McHenry, “NSF Spectrum Occupancy Measurements Project

Summary”, Shared Spectrum Company, August 2005




No. 17

• Af te r t he FCC s tud ies f rom ’02 [1 ] i t was c lea r tha t the re were

oppor tun i t ies fo r be t te r spec t rum u t i l i za t ion .

• Th is oppor tun i t i es were ca l l ed spectrum holes and they a re

de f ined as a point in f requency, t ime, and space w hich is not

occupied by any t ransmiss ion and i t can be used by a ”secondary

sys tem” wi thou t i n te r fe r i ng w i th a ”pr imary one ” [2 ] .

• Ten years passed , a re we ready fo r th i s t ype o f exp lo i ta t i on ?

• NO!

• Techno logy l im i ta t ions (RF band iwd th , A /DC convers ion band)

• Regu la to ry p rocess speed and requ i rements

Spectrum holes

1. Federal Communication Commission, Spectrum Policy Task Force Report, 2002 2. Tandra, R.; Sahai, A.; Mishra, S.M.; , "What is a Spectrum Hole and What Does it Take to Recognize One?," Proceedings of the IEEE , vol.97, no.5,

pp.824-848, May 2009 URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4895279&isnumber=4919177





No. 18

• The de f in i t i on o f CR came ou t i n 1999 /2000 .

• The FCC repor ts a re f rom 2002 .

• Since then research ac t i v i t i es were f l ou r i sh ing f l oa t ing a round the

CR wor ld .

• Among them we can ment ion :

• Spec t rum Sens ing

• Spec t rum Management

• Rad io Resource Management

• Ai r In te r face de f i n i t i on

• Hardware (HW) and So f tware (SW) p la t fo rm deve lopment

Pandora’s vase was opened




No. 19

• I n a l l t he research ac t i v i t i es , the p rogresses have been made in mu l t i p le sc ien t i f i c f i e lds f rom bo th the theore t i ca l and the p rac t i ca l pe rspec t i ves .

• Spectrum Sensing : a lgo r i thms and techn iques fo r unders tand ing wha t i s i n the a i r.

• Spectrum Management : mak ing ac t i ve dec i s ions on how to op t ima l l y use the ava i l ab le spec t rum.

• Radio Resource Management : mak ing ac t i ve dec i s ions on how to op t ima l l y use the ava i l ab le loca l resources fo r guaran tee ing the bes t user /app l i ca t ion exper ience .

Setting the vocabulary (1)




No. 20

• Air In ter face def in i t ion : deve lopment o f new t ransmiss ion

me thodo log ies fo r improv ing cu r ren t

sys tems (e .g . OFDMA) o r go ing beyond

t hem fo r improv ing the spec t ra l

e f f i c i ency.

• HW deve lopment : deve lop ing new dev ices and too l s tha t enab le

t he rea l usage o f the mass ive amoun t o f

a lgo r i thm .

• SW deve lopment : deve lop ing new so f tware rad io p la t fo rm fo r

enab l i ng rea l CR exper imen ta t i on .

Setting the vocabulary (2)




No. 21

• Along t ime , severa l CR v i s ions have been p roposed in l i t e ra tu re .

• Each one was ta rge t i ng the spec i f i c needs o f the p roposer.

• Al l o f them a re based on der i va t i on o f the so -ca l l ed cogni t ive

cyc le .

• Le t us ana lyze two o f them:

• M i to la ’s (2000)

• Hayk in ’s (2005)

In practice, how CR should be?

Haykin, S.; , "Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless

communications," Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on ,

vol.23, no.2, pp. 201- 220, Feb. 2005

URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1391031&

isnumber=30289






No. 22

Charac te r i s t i cs :

• Mul t i - s tandard : ab le to exp lo i t d i f f e ren t commun ica t ion

techno log ies .

• Termina l cen t r i c : the PDA i t se l f i s the CR.

• User -o r ien ted : aware no t on l y o f t he rad io env i ronment bu t a l so o f

the user one ; ab le to de tec t even ts i n d i f fe ren t doma ins .

• Advanced fea tu res ( vo i ce recogn i t i on , v ideo p rocess ing e tc . )

Main goa ls :

• Oppor tun i s t i c usage o f the ava i l ab le STANDARD ne tworks (maybe

w i th a t i ny b i t o f ne twork i n te l l i gence )

• Improvement o f user ’s Qua l i t y o f Exper ience (QoE) .

Which are the characteristics of Mitola’s CR




No. 23

Mitola’s Cognitive Cycle

• I t reflects the basic characteristics of a CC.

• I t is not specif ically related to the RF/radio environment.

• I t is an art if icial intell igence-driven diagram.




No. 24

• Hayk in ’s v i s ion i s more p rac t i c .

• Closer to the rad io wor ld .

• Or ien ted to s igna l p rocess ing and to techno logy i n genera l .

• I t p rov ides spec i f i c te rm ina l fea tu res .

• The paper p rov ides a good a lgo r i thm ic overv iew, a l so a t ”ne twork -

s ide ”

• Main goa l :

• Oppor tun i s t i c usage o f the spec t rum

Haykin’s vision




No. 25

Haykin’s CC

T h e m a i n c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f a P H Y f o r C R d e f i n e d b y H a y k i n i n ’ 0 5 :

• S p e c t r a l A n a l y s i s • C h a n n e l A v a i l a b i l i t y ( S p e c t r u m

H o l e s )

• I n t e r f e r e n c e A n a l y s i s

• C h a n n e l q u a l i t y / s t a t e e s t i m a t i o n ( C S I )

• Av a i l a b l e c a p a c i t y a n a l y s i s • R a t e f e e d b a c k

• D y n a m i c S p e c t r u m A l l o c a t i o n

• Tr a f f i c A n a l y s i s

• A d a p t i v e S i g n a l T X / R X • P o w e r C o n t r o l

• O F D M

• M I M O

• Tu r b o P r o c e s s i n g




No. 26

Mitola’s scenario: user/terminal centric

Reconfigure system and band according to the country

Baker Street 221b, please!

Connect to

the cell

Speech recognition detects the destination address

All the cells along the road are pre-alerted of potential handover

Destination




No. 27

Cognitive WRAN based on TV White Spaces

• Seve ra l TV channe l s u s e d by l oca l / reg iona l b roadcas te r s a re o f t en t empo ra r i l y vacan t

• Given t he l ong - range cove rage : • C h e a p s p e c t r u m s o l u t i o n

( u n l i c e n s e d / l i g h t l y l i c e n s e d ) .

• P r o v i s i o n o f b r o a d b a n d i n d i f f i c u l t y a c c e s s i b l e a r e a s .

• Av o i d e x p e n s i v e c a b l e d e p l o y m e n t s t o o p e r a t o r s .

• Ma in i n t en t i on was t o exp lo i t oppo r tun i s t i c , sens ing -based access QOSMOS EU FP7 Project webpage

http://www.ict-qosmos.eu/project/technical-

highlights/scenarios-and-business-models.html




http://www.ict-qosmos.eu/project/technical-highlights/scenarios-and-business-models.html











No. 28

• Espec ia l l y i n US the re was a g rea t i n te res t i n such scenar io , g i ven the huge amount o f ru ra l a reas .

• IEEE dec ided to r i de the wave and the IEEE 802 .22 was born .

• I n on l y 3 /4 years they came ou t w i th a d ra f t s tandar fo r such app l i ca t ion .

• I t was ” i nsp i red ” i n some ma in charac te r i s t i cs by the more matu re 802 s tandards :

• 802 .11 (WLAN, aka the commerc ia l l y known WiF i )

• 802 .16 (WMAN, aka WiMAX)

IEEE 802.22: the first Cognitive WRAN standard




No. 29

Comparison with IEEE standards

Stevenson, C.; Chouinard, G.; Zhongding Lei; Wendong Hu; Shellhammer, S.; Caldwell, W.; ,

"IEEE 802.22: The first cognitive radio wireless regional area network standard,"

Communications Magazine, IEEE , vol.47, no.1, pp.130-138, January 2009

URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4752688&isnumber=4752663





No. 30

802.22 Frame structure

The superframe structure addresses the processes with slow dynamics (e.g. spectrum allocation)

Fast frames for low latency data transmission

Header-based scheduling info

Fixed allocation for ”access channel”

Beacon-based inter-cell coexistence signalling




No. 31

• FCC da tabase -based access

• Br ie f ove rv iew on the concep t

• Network a rch i tec tu re

• Termina l p roduc t

• Runn ing t r i a l

• Extens ion o f the concep t : Au thor i zed Shared Access

• Regu la to ry /con t rac t concep t

• Techn ica l fo reseen a rch i tec tu re

• Poten t ia l usage

Modern scenarios




No. 32

Today’s TVWS

• Af ter a long d iscuss ion , FCC removed spect rum sens ing f rom the TVWS requi rements .

• The new solut ion is based on geolocat ion databases.

• Severa l companies are nowadays ”on t r ia l ” for get t ing the l icense of DB operators (MS, Google) .

• The f i rs t t r ia l deployments are ongoing, main ly dr iven by Spect rum Br idge, us ing the KTS radio.




FCC Database Administration Guide

http://www.fcc.gov/encyclopedia/white-space-database-administrators-guide

http://www.spectrumbridge.com/










No. 33

TVWS Database-based Access

TVWS DB

Google WS DB Proposal

http://www.scribd.com/doc/24784912/01-04-10-Google-White-Spaces-

Database-Proposal

Spectrum Bridge LLC

http://www.spectrumbridge.com/ProductsServices/WhiteSpacesSolut

ions/Overview.aspx

FCC Interfaces

Public Interface

Inter-DB Interface




http://www.scribd.com/doc/24784912/01-04-10-Google-White-Spaces-Database-Proposal















http://www.spectrumbridge.com/ProductsServices/WhiteSpacesSolutions/Overview.aspx

http://www.spectrumbridge.com/ProductsServices/WhiteSpacesSolutions/Overview.aspx

No. 34

• I n o rder to ex tend and genera l i ze the DB-based access i s now

pushed by some compan ies a concep t ca l l ed Au thor i zed Shared

Access .

• Main d i f fe rences w i th WS

• Th is i s a l i censed f ramework

• I t i s no t ta rge t i ng the access o f s ing le UE dev ices bu t ce l l s .

• The regu la to r has a d i rec t ro le i n ce r t i f y i ng the l i censees .

• The ” l ease” o f the spec t rum happens th rough a d i rec t

agreement be tween the spec t rum owner and the spec i f i c ASA-

l i censee .

• I t shou ld p rov ide Qua l i t y o f Serv i ce (QoS) to the l i censee .

Generalization of the concept: Authorized Shared

Access




No. 35

Authorized Shared Access architecture

• ASA is a regulatory framework , not a technical solution.

• Nevertheless it has strong technical impact.

• 3GPP already started thinking about an inclusion in LTE-A.

CEPT CG CRS (12)04

http://www.cept.org/Documents/cg-crs/3870/CGCRS_12_04_Modifications-to-the-draft-report-on-ASA-based-on-WGFM73-output

Qualcomm: http://www.qualcomm.com/solutions/wireless-networks/technologies/1000x-data/spectrum

Administration/

Regulator

LSA Controller

LSA licensee

Multi-band

Device

Incumbent

grant/ award of LSA rights

LSA spectrum and

award rules

where/ when LSA spectrum is

available (Dynamic)

Base station controls

device access to spectrum

(licensed, LSA)

Incumbent

Base station

Base station

Base station controls device access to

spectrum (licensed, LSA)

LSA Repository




























http://www.qualcomm.com/solutions/wireless-networks/technologies/1000x-data/spectrum





No. 36

• I n t he beg inn ing a l l t he smar tness was supposed t o b e i n t he UE.

• … and n o , sma r tphones a re no t sma r t e n o u g h !

• Along t he yea rs t he i n t e l l i gence h a s b e e n moved a l so i n t o t he ne two rk .

• The ne two rk , as a ma t t e r o f f ac t , c a n dea l / exchange /p rocess mo re i n f o rma t i on and t hen be ing cons ide red as pa r t o f t he d i s t r i bu ted i n t e l l i gence .

• Al ready t oday we have some examp les o f sma r t s ys tems .

• Le t ’ s t a ke f o r examp le t he b u z z e d LTE/LTE -A

The practical path towards CR




No. 37

Mapping between CR requirements and LTE-A

capabilities




•H a y k i n ’ s C R i n ’ 0 5 : • S p e c t r a l A n a l y s i s

• C h a n n e l Av a i l a b i l i t y ( S p e c t r u m H o l e s )

• I n t e r f e r e n c e A n a l y s i s • C h a n n e l q u a l i t y / s t a t e

e s t i m a t i o n ( C S I ) • Av a i l a b l e c a p a c i t y a n a l y s i s

• R a t e f e e d b a c k • D y n a m i c S p e c t r u m A l l o c a t i o n • Tr a f f i c A n a l y s i s • A d a p t i v e S i g n a l T X / R X

• P o w e r C o n t r o l • O F D M • M I M O • Tu r b o P r o c e s s i n g

•LT E - A d v a n c e d f e a t u r e s :

• M u l t i n e t w o r k s e n s i n g • C a r r i e r s e n s i n g • R S R P o f o t h e r c e l l s / n e t w o r k s

• C S I / C Q I ( a l s o w i t h c o m p r e s s i o n ) • C a p a c i t y e s t i m a t i o n f o r

s c h e d u l i n g • A M C / l i n k a d a p t a t i o n

• A O C S / c a r r i e r a g g r e g a t i o n • Q o S a n d s c h e d u l i n g • F l e x i b l e a i r i n t e r f a c e

• F P C ( a n d D T X / D R X ) • O F D M A – S C - F D M A • S e v e r a l M I M O m o d a l i t i e s

( i n c l u d i n g C o M P a n d M U - ) • Tu r b o e n c o d i n g / d e c o d i n g

No. 38

Traffic steering: Offloading solutions and disitribution of the traffic

over all the layers (from macro to femto).

Multi-RAT:

Integration of multiple TX

technologies (2G-3G) and inter-

RAT handover for better

coverage/balancing.

Self Organizing Network features (SON)

Automatic Neighbor Relation function: Build and maintains neighbor relations though sensing and reporting performed by the active UEs.

Automatic Cell ID (PCI) selection: Based on UE sensing and local cooperation with neighbor eNBs

Dynamic configuration of X2 and S1 interfaces: Autonomous configuration of the control plane backhaul with gateway and neighbors RACH parameters optimization:

Local information exchange about the usage of the Random Access Channel for interference avoidance.

Mobility parameters optimization: Self-adaptation of the mobility parameters for increasing robustness and load balancing.

LTE-Advanced foresees automatic network configuration and self-optimization of several parameters all along the protocol stack layers.




No. 39

• Sys tem evo lu t ion : we t ake t he cu r ren t s ys tems ad we g o o n imp rov ing t hem a n d sqeez ing a s much a s poss ib l e , espec ia l l y i n t e rms o f capac i t y.

• LTE-A – imp roved SON, spec t rum f l e x i b i l i t y a n d ca r r i e r agg rega t i on …

• 802 .11ac – d ynamic bandwid th agg rega t ion , dynamic c h a n n e l se l ec t i on …

• Sys tem revo lu t ion : we des ign a comp le te l y new sys tem, d ropp ing t he cumbrsome backwa rd compa t i b i l i t y. Bu t usua l l y a sys tem revo lu t i on i s b a s e d o n a PHY revo lu t i on . So , wha t ’s a f t e r OFDMA?

• Cloud R AN : e ve ry th i ng become a c l oud . Spec t rum , baseband , RF, eve ry th i ng i s i n a un ique poo l t ha t i s u s e d when /whe re /how n e e d e d .

But how will it be in the future?




No. 40

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How to discuss with me on CR/5G




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No. 41

No. 42

BACKUP

No. 43

• What i s CR?

• When: where does i t come f rom?

• SDR

• Recon f igu rab le rad ios

• Mul t i - s tandard

• Who?

• Mi to la , Fe t te , Hayk in , Jondra l , Reed , Bos t i an

• Why?

• Spec t rum overc rowdness

• One dev ice fo r every th ing

• Spec t rum ho les

Overview on Cognitive Radio




No. 44

• Main research top i cs :

• Spec t rum sens ing

• Spec t rum a l l oca t ion

• Rad io Env i ronment maps

• Ai r i n te r face des ign

• Tes tbed deve lopment

Main Research Fields and Topics




No. 45

• Mi to la

• Mul t i - s tandard te rm ina l

• User -o r ien ted (user env i ronment awareness )

• Oppor tun i s t i c usage o f the ava i l ab le STANDARD ne tworks

• advanced fea tu res ( vo i ce recogn i t i on , v ideo p rocess ing e tc . )

• Hayk in

• Comms o r ien ted

• Spec i f i c te rm ina l fea tu res

• Oppor tun i s t i c usage o f the spec t rum

• LTE- l i ke

History and Visions




No. 46

• Mi to la : use r cen t r i c recon f igu ra t i on

• TV wh i te spaces : the po ten t i a l

• IEEE 802 .22

• Or ig ins

• Evo lu t ion f rom WiMAX

• The f rame fo rmat

• The ”con ten t i on -based access par t ”

Traditional scenarios




No. 47

• The Cogn i t i ve Rad io Ne twork concep t

• Termina l AND ne twork a re smar t

• Mov ing the i n te l l i gence in the ne twork /access po in t

• Today ’s app l i ca t ion : LTE

• Mapp ing w i th Hayk in ’s v i s ion

• SON

• Tomor row’s app l i ca t ion

• B4G concep ts

• Evo lu t ion vs revo lu t i on

On the practical path


