Time Perspective Time Perspective and its Role in and its Role in

Coping Behaviour Coping Behaviour with a Conflict with a Conflict

SituationSituation

Performed by Milana R.Hachaturova, lecturerDepartment of Psychology, National Research University – Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia

Research adviser: Professor Alla Konstantinovna Bolotova, Doctor of Psychology

ССoping strategiesoping strategies

A coping strategy - the actions of an

individual in dealing with complex

situations. There are three types of

coping strategies: emotional, cognitive

and behavioural. These types of coping

strategies of behavior in a conflict can be

adaptive, relatively adaptive and non-

adaptive.

ZTPI (F. Zimbardo Time ZTPI (F. Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory)Perspective Inventory)

1. Allows working with all three time aspects at

once - the past, the present and the future.

ZTPI consists of five factors or scales:

◦ «the negative past»;

◦ «the hedonistic present»;

◦ «the future»;

◦ «the positive past»;

◦ «the fatalistic present».

The goal of the The goal of the researchresearch

is studying the interrelation

between time perspective

orientation and the person’s

choice of coping strategies in

conflicts situations.

HypothesesHypotheses1. A person with prevalence of time perspective

focused on the future prefers cognitive strategies of behaviour in a situation of interpersonal conflicts.

2. A person with prevalence of time perspective focused on the fatalistic present and the negative past prefers non-adaptive emotional and behavioural strategies of behaviour in a conflict situation.

3. A person with prevalence of time perspective focused on the future, the positive past and the hedonistic present prefers adaptive and relatively adaptive strategies of behaviour in a conflict situation more often than non-adaptive variants.

MethodologyMethodologyTo prove the stated hypotheses we

used the following methods: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory and E.Heim’s technique (coping strategies).

156 (87 women and 69 men), whose average age was 27 participated in our research.

The results of the The results of the research research

The results of the The results of the research research

The results of the The results of the research research

The results of the The results of the research research

The results of the The results of the research research

Coping strategies

TimePerspective

Cognitivestrategies

Emotional strategies

Behavioural strategies

A RA N A RA N A RA N

Futurer=0,487 r=0,517

Fatalistic Presentr=0,410 r=0,601 r=0,496

Negative Pastr=0,614 r=0,434

Positive Pastr=-0,517 r=0,498

Hedonistic Presentr=0,451 r=0,467

Pearson Correlation Coefficient p<0,01 and p<0,05

A – adaptive, RA – relatively adaptive, N – non-adaptive

ReferencesReferences1. Folkman S., Moskowitz J.T. (2000). Stress, Positive Emotion, and

Coping // Current Directions in Psychological Science. - №9, pp. 115-118.

2. Grishina N. (2004). Psychology of conflict. St.Petersburgh, Piter.

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4. Marin T., Holtzman S. (2007). Coping and the Response of Others // Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. - №24.

Caplan L., Schooler C. (2007). Socioeconomic Status and Financial Coping Strategies: The Mediating Role of Perceived Control // Social Psychology Quarterly. - Vol. 70, 2007, pp. 43-58.

Heim E. (1988). Coping and Psychosocial Adaptation // Journal of Mental Health Counseling. - №10, pp. 136-144.

Zimbardo P.G., Boyd J.N. (1999). Putting Time in Perspective: A Valid, Reliable Individual-Differences Metric // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. - Vol.77, pp. 1271-1288.