Timeline of Telephone Technology.

By: Cordale Hann.

Development of the Telephone between the 1840’s and 60’s.

1849- Antonio Meucci demonstrated a communication device to people in Havana. It is unknown if this was an electromagnetic telephone, but it’s said to be related to the direct transmission of electricity into the user’s body.

1854- Antonio Meucci demonstrated an electric voice operated system in New York, but it’s not clear what kind of device he demonstrated.

1861- Johann Philipp Reis transfers voice electrically over a distance of 340 feet. He used his telephone to transmit a phrase in German. The phrase was “The horse does not eat cucumber salad.” He used this phrase because it is hard to understand acoustically in German, and he wanted to prove that the sound being heard on the other side was able to be understood.

1874-1876. 1874- Gray invents an electromagnetic device for transmitting musical

tones. Elisha Gray demonstrated his musical tones device and transmitted melodies through this device.

1875- Alexander Graham Bell uses a bi-directional “gallows” telephone proved to transmit audible voices, but was the voices were not understandable.

1875- Thomas Edison builds an electro-dynamic receiver but does not exploit it.

1876- Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell both registered a patent caveat for the telephone on February 14th, but Bell was awarded the patent.

1876- Bell makes the world’s first long distance telephone call, about 6 miles between Brantford and Paris, Ontario, Canada.

1877-1879. 1877- Edison's carbon granules transmitter and

Bell's electromagnetic receiver were used, with improvements by the Bell system, for manydecades.

1877- Western Union enters the telephone business using Thomas Edison’s superior carbon microphone transmitter.

1879- Francis Blake invents a carbon transmitterthat was like Edison's that saves the Bell companyfrom extinction.

1880’-1900. 1880- National Bell Telephone unites with others

to form the American Bell Telephone Company. 1880- The world’s first wireless telephone call on

Bell and Tainter’s photophone was made from theFranklin School in Washington, D.C. to the windowof Bell’s laboratory, which was 213 meters away.

1891- Almon Strowger patents the Strowgerswitch the first Automatic telephone exchange.

1892- The first Strowger switch was put into usein LaPorte, Indiana with 75 subscribers with acapacity for 99.

1899- AT&T undertakes the leadership role of the Bell system.

1900’-1920. 1915- The first automatic Panel exchange was installed at the Mulberry

Central Office in Newark, New Jersey. But it was a semi-automatic system using non-dial telephones.

1919- The first rotary dial telephones in the Bellsystem were installed in Norfolk, Virginia.Telephones that lacked dials and touch-tonepads were no longer made by the Bell systemafter 1978.

1919- AT&T does more than 4,000 measurements of people’s heads to help come up with the best dimensions of standard headsets so that callers’ lips would be near the microphone when holding the handsets up to their ears.

1925-1970. 1927- Transatlantic telephone service was installed. 1927- Rotary dial service was started on the 28th of May. 1955- The laying of the trans-Atlantic cable TAT-1 began – 36 circuits,

later increased to 48 by reducing the bandwidth from 4kHz t0 3kHz. 1958- Modems were used for direct

connection through voice phonelines.

1961- The touch-tone was releasedto the public on trial basis.

1963- The first publicly availablepush-button telephone wasreleased by Bell Systems.

1970’s-2000’s. 1970- Modular telephone cords and jacks were introduced. 1978- Bell Labs launched the trial of

the first commercial cellular networkin Chicago using the Advanced MobilePhone System (AMPS.).

1981- The world’s first fully automaticmobile phone system NMT is started inSweden and Norway.

1995- Caller ID was executed nationallyin the USA.

2000-2012. 2007- The iPhone started shipping. 2008- The first Android phone, the HTC Dream started shipping. 2009- The Nokia N900 started shipping. 2012- Phones are constantly getting more and more high-tech.

Smartphones are being produced and apps and other software programs are being developed for these phones. The modern day, mobile phone, is in fact, a phone inside of a handheld computer.

Top Five Cellphone Companies.1. Verizon Wireless.2. AT&T.3. T-Mobile.4. US-Cellular.5. Sprint Nextel.

References.http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_telephone

Pictures from google.