tissues of the body reminder: atom molecule cell tissue organ system questions: what is...
TRANSCRIPT
Tissues of the Body
Reminder: Atom Molecule Cell Tissue Organ System
Questions: What is Cytology? What is Histology?
What does the fox say?
Histology - the study of tissues
• Gamete = sex cells Somatic = body cells(Sperm & Egg)
• Zygote = fertilized egg
• Differentiation (morphogenesis) = the changes cells
make to become specialized • Specialization = the specific functions cells can do
• Histogenesis = the changes tissues make to become more specialized
4 Primary Tissues:
–Epithelial tissue–Connective tissue–Muscle tissue –Nervous tissue
• Two types: – membranous
• coverings or linings of organs
– glandular• form exocrine and endocrine glands
Epithelial Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
• Figure 4.4
Epithelium-Human Stomach
Glandular Epithelia
• Epithelial tissues illustrate a basic biological principle: structure closely correlates with function
• Binds the cells & organs of the body together – Connective tissue consist of two components:
cells & a matrix (extracellular fibers)
Connective Tissue
• Proper connective:• Loose – adipose
(fat)• Dense – tendons &
ligaments
• Specialized connective:• Cartilage• Bone• Blood
2 Types of Connective
Tissue
Connective Tissue
Specialized protein fibers in the matrix:
Elastin = flexibilityCollagen = strength
Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue
• An important structural component of organs – Proper Connective Tissue:
• Dense• Loose
Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue
•Cartilage –Consists of specialized cells embedded in a matrix of extracellular fibers & other extracellular material
Blood Tissue is made of 2 parts:
corpuscle Red Blood CellWhite Blood
CellPlatelets
name Erythrocytes Leukocytes Thrombocytes
function carries O2 fights disease blood clotting
*other contains hemoglobin (protein) & iron (Fe)
5 different types of cells (diverse)
cell fragments
-Corpuscles (blood cells)
-Plasma (liquid)
Osseous Tissue• Bone
– Consists of bone cells (osteocytes) and a calcified cartilage matrix
Osseous Tissue
Muscle Tissue
•Made of highly specialized cells that contract, or shorten, when
stimulated to produce movement.•Because they are elongated they are called muscle fibers.
Muscle TissueInvoluntary Voluntary
one nucleus per cell multi-nucleated cells
Smooth(visceral)
Cardiac(contains intercalated discs)
Skeletal(striated)
No striations Striated
Muscle Tissue
Muscle
Tissue
Nervous Tissue
• Contains specialized cells that conduct impulses
• Conducting cells, called neurons, transmit impulses from one region of the body to another.
• Nonconducting cells, neuroglia, are a type of supporting tissue.
Nerve Tissue
Nerve Tissue
Organ Systems
• Tissues combine to form organs.– Organs are discrete structures that have
evolved to perform specific functions – Most organs do not function alone, they are
part of a group of cooperative organs, called an organ system.