title = shay’s rebellion vs american revolutiontitle = shay’s rebellion vs american revolution...
TRANSCRIPT
• Title = Shay’s Rebellion vs American Revolution
• Compare and Contrast Shay’s Rebellion to the American Revolution–Are they similar in any ways? How are
they different?
• Identify the important members, goals and conditions at the Constitutional Convention
• Analyze the compromises and winners and losers of the Constitutional Convention
• Use Slot 2…Rename the title “Compromise?”
• Should we compromise?• What is needed to achieve a good
compromise?
1. Articles of Confederation and why they fail2. Convention facts and who is there3. 2 Compromises in the Convention4. Principles – Federalism, Checks and Balances,
Separation of Powers5. 7 Articles, powers for each branch6. How a Bill Becomes a law7. How to make an Amendment8. Electoral College9. Ratification – Feds vs Antifeds10.Bill of Rights11.Supreme Court
• May-Sept 1787• AKA Philadelphia
Convention• Delegates from
12 of 13 states attended– No Rhode Island
• 55 delegates total– “Fear” was #56
• SECRET!!!!• Prayer to start
each meeting
• Rev War “Pen” members return to make a 3rd album…– Nationalists who still believed in republicanism– “We have, probably, had too good an opinion of human
nature in forming our confederation.” GW• Similarities…• Average Age = 44 (Franklin 81)• Occupations
– 32 Lawyers– 11 Merchants– 4 Politicians– 2 Military Men– 2 Doctors– 2 Teachers– 1 Inventor– 1 Farmer
• Big names there…– GW– Alexander Hamilton– James Madison– John Dickinson
• Big names not there…– John Adams– Thomas Jefferson– Patrick Henry, Governor
of Virginia refused to go• “I smell a rat in
Philadelphia”• Still favored states rights
• States voted for delegates
• Once delegates get job done, then what?–DISBAND!!!! Why?
• So they won’t be making laws there for their own benefit!!!
• Delegates worked hard during the day…
• Just fix the Articles of the Confederation!!!– That is all the Continental
Congress of the A of C authorized to be done!!!
• But the A of C will be “ripped up” and a new Constitution will be made– = some delegates – Will the sitting Cont
Congress be okay with this?
• James Madison– Shy but smart
and clever– Wrote most of it– Will blend the
philosophes ideas
• No Adams…
• Virginia…why?– Most population– Best prepared delegates– Will want something BAD!
• NJ sent– David Brearley– William Houston– William Paterson– William Livingston– Jonathan Dayton
• HOT summer of 1787…• Very Secret
– Windows shut– Guards present for protection
• Info of what happened comes from notes delegates made
• Info destroyed on purpose
Wherewill get itsideasfrom?
• Title = CC Quote• If this Convention fails
we would…“become a reproach and by-word down to future ages. And what is worse, mankind may hereafter, from this unfortunate instance, despair of establishing governments by human wisdom, and leave it to chance, war and conquest.”
• What does Ben Franklin mean?
• How does voting work at this convention?– By state (like 2nd
Cont Congress)• # of states needed to
approve an issue?– 7 of 12…simple
majority• The bigger # to worry
about…– 9 of 13 states have
to ratify the Const!!
• We know what is wrong with the Congress under the Articles of Confederation
• This issue gets heated in the room and takes time and ______to solve–Compromises MUST BE MADE–Convention almost collapses on this issue
(BF’s quote!!!)
• “Large State Plan”• “___________ Congress”
– Means?
• How is representation determined for each state?
• How is a representative picked for each house?– Lower house – popular
election in that state– Upper house – nominations
from state legislatures (questions here?)
• Congress can…– Tax and regulate foreign
and interstate commerce (why?)
– Veto (prohibit from becoming law) any acts from state legislatures
• Fed vs States tug of war…• VA Plan has 3 branches
– Philosophe’s “recipe”?
• Likes?–Big states (VA, PA, NY)
• Dislikes?–Small states (NJ & DE)
• Can this plan get 7 of 12 votes and then 9 of 13 ratifications?
• “Small state plan”• ____________ Congress
– Means?
• How is representation determined for each state?
• How is a representative picked for the one house?– nominations from state
legislatures…
• Where are the changes to the Articles of Confed?
• Close to VA Plan in some ways– Congress Can…
• Tax and regulate foreign and interstate commerce
– Fed Gov = 3 Branches too• Fed Gov vs States Tug of War?
– States would still win!!
• The Great Compromise–By Conn
delegates Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth
• VA and NJ Plans?• How does
Congress look?
• Mixed Government!!– Every voice/class is heard
• Many examples in history of Mixed Government– USA
• Exec = one• Senate = few• House = many
– England• King = one• Lords = few• commons = many
– Rome• Consul = one• Senate = few• Plebians = many
• The 2 views of it at the Convention?– Abolitionists want it
gone (BF)– South must have it
or no Const…• “Every Republic in
history had it.” (Athens, Rome, Sparta)
• 20% of USA Pop is slave– 40% of South =
slave
• North wants each slave…–Taxed…why?
• South wants each slave…–To count in
population… why?
• Solution =– Each slave
counts as 3/5ths of a person• 3/5th for
population• 3/5th for
taxes
• Bigger winner?– South
• The 3/5 compromise artificially inflates the power of the south‒ Slaves are counted as a fraction
of a person but get 0 rights• So a landowner in South
Carolina with one slave now counts as 8/5 of a vote versus a landowner in NY who has a 5/5 vote.
• The Convention wrote in the Constitution for the debate to be put off for 20 years
• Only in 20 years can Congress talk about abolishing the slave trade– South got their way
again
• A certain topic of slavery was not written in the Constitution, which is a problem (loophole)
• North states = 35 reps• South states = 30 reps• 2/3rd Representatives
are needed to Propose an amendment in the House (where they start)–What does this mean
for slavery?
• Slaves called “other persons”…why?
• People did their part to fight slavery– 1777 – Republic of
Vermont– 1780 – Mass and PA– 1784 – Conn and RI– 1799 – NY…LATE– 1804 – NJ…LATE
– What would the 55 members of the 2nd Constitution Convention think they were doing to the Declaration of Independence and the ideas in it? or