to infinitive xi.ia.6

7/31/2019 To Infinitive Xi.ia.6

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Aprilliani Dwi Kartini (04)

Hario Putro Prasojo (

Irene Caroline Sihombing (15)

Nandya Guvita N.(20)

Rizky Hadwiyanti (26)

Stefi Anindyawati (30


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DEFINITION

Infinitive is the baseform of the verb .

The infinitive of a

verb is its basic formwith or without theparticle to:

therefore, do and todo, be and to be,and so on areinfinitives


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Not everything that looks like a

preposition actually behaves likeone. For example, the word tofollowed by a verb phrase forms

an infinitive phrase. Theseinfinitive phrases, which we willexamine more closely in a later

chapter, are verb phrases, notprepositional phrases. We can seethis if we contrast infinitive to

with the preposition.


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EXAMPLE

My kids always want [to go] [toDisneyland]

In this sentence, the verb wanthastwo constituents that begin with to,but is followed by the verb go. There

are several ways in which the firstinstance ofto behaves verydifferently from the second.


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When an infinitive phrase introduces a

main clause, separate the two sentence

components with a comma. The pattern

looks like this:

infinitive phrase + , + main clause.


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Read this example:

To avoid burning another bag ofpopcorn, Brendan pressed his noseagainst the microwave door, sniffingsuspiciously with every breath.


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When an infinitive phrase breaks the flow

of a main clause, use a comma bothbefore and after the interrupter. The

pattern looks like this:

start of main clause + , + interrupter + , +

end of main clause.


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Here is an example:

Those basketball shoes, to beperfectly honest, do not complement

the suit you are planning to wear tothe interview.


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When an infinitive phrase concludes a

main clause, you need no punctuation to

connect the two sentence parts. The

pattern looks like this:

main Clause + + infinitive phrase


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Check out this example:

Janice and her friends went to themall to flirt with the cute guys whocongregate at the food court.


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OTHER FORMSThe infinitive can have the following

forms:

The perfect infinitive

to have + past participle

For example: to have broken, to have

seen, to have saved.


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For example:

I would like to have seen the TajMahal when I was in India.

He pretended to have seen thefilm.


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The continuous infinitive

to be + present participle

For example: to be swimming, to be

joking, to be waiting

Examples:

I'd really like to be swimming in a nicecool pool right now.

I happened to be waiting for the buswhen the accident happened.


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The perfect continuous infinitive

to have been + present participle

Examples: to have been crying, tohave been waiting, to have beenpainting


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Examples:

The woman seemed to have beencrying.

You must have been waiting for hours!

He pretended to have been painting allday


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The passive infinitive

to be + past participle

For example: to be given, to be shut, tobe opened

Examples:

I am expecting to be given a pay-rise nextmonth.

These doors should be shut.

This window ought to be opened.


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We use the to-infinitive...

to express inmediate purpose

to express long-term purpose, weuse "in order" + to-infinitive

for the negative, we use "so as not"

+ to-infinitive


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to infinitive xi.ia.6

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