today’s action approve fiscal year 2015-2016 research plan total $6.5 million 17 research concepts...
TRANSCRIPT
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Proposed Research PlanFiscal Year 2015-2016
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Today’s Action
• Approve Fiscal Year 2015-2016 Research Plan
• Total $6.5 million
• 17 research concepts
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Planning Considerations
20502010 2020 2030
Meet 80 ppb 8-hr O3 Standard
Reduce GHG emissions to 80% below 1990 levels
Meet 75 ppb 8-hr O3 Standard
Reduce GHG emissions to 1990 levels
Reduce diesel PM risk 85% below 2000 levels
Meet PM2.5 Standards
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Developing the Research Plan
• Identified priorities based on ARB program needs
• Open call to the public for research ideas
• Concepts and proposals reviewed by ARB’s Research Screening Committee
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1970Ozone & Car Emissions
Emerging Research Topics
2000PM2.5 & Greenhouse Gas Mitigation
1980SIP Models, PM10 &Indoor AirQuality
1990Children’s Health & Diesel Emissions
2010Sustainable Communities & Low Carbon Strategies
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Priorities Based on Program Needs2015-2016 Program Areas
Health & Expo-sure; $900,000
Air Quality; $2,200,000
Climate Change; $3,400,000
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2015-2016 Program Areas
Health & Exposure Atmospheric Science
Trucks and Buses Passenger Vehicles
Sustainable Communities Short-Lived Climate Pollutants and Nitrous Oxide
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Health & Exposure
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Health & Exposure ResearchHealth Effects
Exposure Assessment
Mitigation Research
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Recent Findings
• Epidemiological evidence indicating that PM2.5 exposure may lead to a greater risk of cardiovascular effects for women than men, particularly when post-menopausal
• Exposure to wildfire smoke in infancy is associated with suppressed immune function and health effects later in life
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Health & ExposureRecommended Research Projects
Women’s Cardiovascular Risk from PM Exposure ($600,000)
Heritability of Adverse Health Effects from Air Pollution Exposure ($300,000)
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Air Quality
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Atmospheric Science Research
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Photochemical Models
Chemistry
Meteorology
Emissions
Inform NAAQS Planning Efforts
Recent Findings
• Field studies document that background ozone is increasing
• Conditions that led to recent PM2.5 exceedance events need to be better understood
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Atmospheric ScienceRecommended Research Projects
Improved Understanding of Pollution Sources and Atmospheric Processes Contributing to Ozone Exceedances in the San Joaquin Valley ($400,000)
Modeling High PM2.5 Episodes in the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley ($200,000)
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Emissions Research
Emission Control
Technologies
Track Effects
of Rules
Future Strategie
s
Recent Findings
• Preliminary field study results suggest that on-road emissions are being reduced as ARB regulations come into effect
• Real world emissions may be different than those measured during certification
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Trucks and BusesRecommended Research Projects
Expand Measurements of Real World Emission Rates ($400,000)
Certification and In-Use Compliance Testing for HD Diesel Engines ($500,000)
Prototype Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emission Verification Program ($500,000)
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Climate Change
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Advanced Clean Cars ResearchReal-world Emissions
ZEV Adoption &
Use
Optimizing Incentive
Funds
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Recent Findings
• Many factors affect ZEV adoption and use and in turn affect real world emission benefits
• Recent legislation requires changes to CVRP and EFMP that require research
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Passenger CarsRecommended Research Projects
Tracking Emissions Benefits of Older PEVs and New ZEV Technologies ($650,000)
Maximizing the Air Quality, Climate, and Social Equity Benefits of Light-Duty Vehicle Incentive Programs ($500,000)
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Sustainable Communities Research
Land Use
TransportationBuildings
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Recent Findings
• GHG benefits of affordable housing in transit-oriented developments are poorly characterized
• Green buildings have GHG benefits beyond energy use
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Sustainable CommunitiesRecommended Research Projects
Tracking Land Use Changes That Support Sustainable Communities ($150,000)
Evaluation of Impact of Transit-Oriented Affordable Housing on Travel Demand ($300,000)
Zero Carbon Building Technical Feasibility Study ($400,000)
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Short-lived Climate Pollutants and Nitrous Oxide Research
Emission Inventory
Mitigation Options
Track Progress
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Recent Findings • Field studies suggest that CH4 and N2O emissions are underestimated
• F-gas emissions continue to grow; further reductions will be needed to reach 2050 goal
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Short-lived Climate PollutantsRecommended Research Projects
California Dairy Manure Methane Emissions ($400,000)
California-Specific Cattle Feed Rations to Improve Modeling of Methane from Enteric Fermentation ($100,000)
Evaluation of a Variety of F-Gas Emission Reduction Strategies ($300,000)
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Nitrous OxideRecommended Research Projects
Additional and Uncertain Nitrous Oxide Emissions ($400,000)
Continuation of Nitrous Oxide Monitoring ($200,000)
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Research Program Impact
• Rigorous scientific foundation for ARB’s regulatory programs
• Identifies new emission reduction strategies
• Tracks program effectiveness
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Leveraging Other Research
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• Collaboration with federal and state agencies
• More than $20 million of leveraged research over last 5 years
• Relevant research by others• PM2.5 measurements in the San Joaquin Valley
(NASA)
• GHG emission measurements in Los Angeles (NIST)
• Ultrafine cohort study (U.S. EPA)
• Sustainable transportation research (U.S. DOT)
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Sharing Research Results
• Increasing emphasis on research dissemination• Press releases, seminars, trainings• Improved ARB research website
• Planned dissemination• Research syntheses to highlight key themes• Biannual newsletter highlighting recent results
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Recommended Board Action
Approve Fiscal Year 2015-2016 Research Plan
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