today’s lecture is brought to you by bullet 4 latin america’s responses to the depression:...
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Today’s lecture is brought to you by
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
“An Idiot Abroad”
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Pre-Depression Brazil -1
1920
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Pre-Depression Brazil - 2
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Effects of WWI - 3
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Effects of WWI - 4
-Industrialization and urbanization
Rio de Janeiro
Sugar cane
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Cultural changes and unrest - 5
Workers raise the anarchist black flag during the São Paulo General Strike of 1917
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Political unrest - 6
President Bernardes
Washington Luis
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
The Depression Begins - 7
<- Conservative Coalition
Liberal Alliance ->
Julio Prestes
Getulio Vargas
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Getulio Vargas - 8- Attempts Valorization again- Diversify agriculture
- Import Substitution Industrialization
• Exchange controls• import quotas
• tax incentives• lowered duties on imported machinery and raw materials• long term loans at low
interest rates
- Result• Creates new industries designed to meet needs at home • Industrial production doubled 31-36
• national income increases
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Getulio Vargas - 9
-1932 electoral code • est. secret ballot, voting age lowered to 18, vote given to working womeno still has a literacy requirement
-1934 constitution• Strengthens executive• Article 119 Nationalization of natural resources• Labor tribunal system
• 86% of workers are in agriculture and their system isn’t touched
- Political decent• Growing Communist Party• National Liberation Alliance
Bertha Lutz
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Getulio Vargas - 10
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Getulio Vargas - 11- Economic ties to Germany and Italy
• Brazil has no expansionist ideals
- Direct investment in creation of industry• Manufacturing serves
domestic market almost exclusively
- 44% of investment in Brazilian stock is from foreigners
-1941 there were 44,100 plants with 944,000 workers- Banned strikes, but 1942 labor code was seen as most advanced in the world
-1920 there were13,336 plants with 300,000 worker
Bullet 4 Bullet 4 Latin America’s responses to the Depression: Latin America’s responses to the Depression:
GetúlioGetúlio Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) Vargas; Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
Getulio Vargas - 12
Brazilian rubber plantation workers
Cathedral of Brasilia