today’s plan: 11/18/09 bellwork: go over test/do portfolios (35 mins) hierarchy of ecology...

Today’s Plan: 11/18/09• Bellwork: Go over Test/Do Portfolios (35

mins)

• Hierarchy of Ecology Activity w/notes (45 mins)

• Pack/Wrap-up (last 5 mins)

Today’s Plan:11/19/09

• Bellwork: Pre-lab write-up (15 mins)

• Begin Demography lab (45 mins)

• Populations notes (the rest of class)

Today’s Plan: 11/20/09

• Bellwork: Vocabulary Quiz (30 mins)

• Continue lab (30 mins)

• India Video (30 mins)


• Bellwork: Finish Video/Questions (30 mins)

• Finish collecting data for lab (30 mins)

• Finish populations notes (the rest of class)

Pre-evaluation

• How did you prepare for the test?• How much time did you study for this class

last week?• With whom did you work?• How did you feel about the test when you’d

finished it?• What grade do you think you earned on the

test?

Self-evaluation• Divide the number of points you earned by the

total number of points possible (without extra credit points). Write this down. How does it compare with the grade with extra credit?

• Were you surprised by the grade? Why or why not?

• Was your test preparation adequate? Why or why not?

• How can you improve your study technique?• What test grade would you like on your next test?• List 4 steps that you will take to get that grade


• Bellwork: Update Portfolios (15 mins)

• Test corrections and missing work (the rest of class)

• Pack/Wrap-up (last few mins of class)


• Bellwork: EOC Answer Sheets (20 mins)

• Goal 2 Review (30 mins)

• Goal 3 Review (30 mins)



• Bellwork: Vocab Quiz(30 mins)

• If you finish the quiz early, work on the Goal 3 packet at your desk

• Final Portfolio Update (20 mins)

• Go over goal 3 (the rest of class)



• Announcements/Discussion (15 mins)

• Finish Demography Lab (45 mins)

• Practice/Go over practice (the rest of class)


• Bellwork: Quiz Q&A(15 mins)

• Populations quiz (as needed)

• If you finish early, finish demography lab and missing work or HW

• Pack/Wrap-up (last few mins)


• Bellwork: Go over thinkables from yesterday/Notes (30 min)

• RAFT (60 mins)



• Bellwork: Good Buddies Sheet (10 mins)

• Go over good buddies/notes (20 mins)

• Begin Humans and the Environment Stations (the rest of class)


Today’s Plan: 12/309

• Bellwork: Discuss EOC Changes (20 mins)

• Humans and the environments stations (40 mins)

• Notes (25 mins)

• Wrap-up/Pack up (5 mins)


• Bellwork: Vocabulary Quiz (30 mins)

• Continue with stations (30 mins)

• Finish Notes (25 mins)



• Bellwork: Biodiversity Activity (10 mins)

• Finish Stations (45 mins)

• Finish Notes (the rest of class)


• Bellwork: Guided Study (15 mins)

• Go over study/Test Q&A (15 mins)

• Unit 6 Test (as needed)

• If you finish early, work on missing work or the study guide (the rest of the period)



• Bellwork: Vocab Quiz and update Portfolios (30 mins)

• Do EOC Student Survey (30 mins)• Go over test (30 mins)• Finish corrections today, finish portfolio,

work on missing work and study guide (the rest of the period)



• Reminders (5 mins)

• EOC answer sheets and surveys (15 mins)

• EOC Info (20 mins)

• EOC review (the rest of class)


• Bellwork: Finish Portfolio (15 mins)

• EOC Review (the rest of class)

Succession Thinkables!

• Define succession.• Compare and Contrast primary and secondary

succession.• What are some factors that would lead to the

beginning of secondary succession• What is the pioneer species for primary and

secondary succession?• What is the function of a pioneer species?• What is a lichen?

Ecology Notes

• Ecology-the study of the distribution, abundance, and interactions of organisms within their environments.

• 3 important things about ecology:– the environment

– interactions

– population study

Environments

• Include Abiotic and Biotic factors which affect organisms.

• Abiotic-Never-lived things• Biotic-living things and non-living things• Are usually characterized based on these

factors (ex: desert)– you find predictable abiotic patterns as well as

biotic patterns.

Envrionments

• Niches= the role that an organism plays in its environment. This includes not only its habitat, but all of the interactions that it’s involved in.

• Habitat-The place within the environment where an organism lives

Hierarchy of Ecology• Organism

• Population (organisms of the same specie)

• Community (organisms of different species interacting)

• Ecosystems (all of the biotic and abiotic factors in an environment)

• Biome (an area encasing a particular set of characteristic ecosystems)

• Biosphere (the area available for life on the planet)

Terrestrial Biomes

• Tundra-Cold, polar, permafrost

• Taiga-coniferous, cold but non-polar, larger vegetation than tundra

• Temperate Biomes-Grasslands w/short vegetation(little rainfall, and Deciduous forests w/more annual rainfall

• Tropical-Savannas w/ short vegetation but tropical climate and Rainf forests w/ dense, tall trees and lots of diversity.

• Deserts-occur all over the globe, because of climate and geologic features allowing for little to no rainfall

Aquatic Biomes• Freshwater Biomes-include rivers, lakes,

streams, ponds• Brackish-estuaries (salt and freshwater

mixing)• Saltwater

– Intertidal=betweeen high and low tide– Photic=Where light penetrates, includes

oceanic and neritic zones– Aphotic=Where light doesn’t penetrate,

includes pelagic and benthic zones– See overhead

Resources

• Water, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, etc. all cycle through environments-describe how

• cycling through the envrionment=renewable resources

• Can be biotic or abiotic.

• Are often effected by abiotic patterns and human intervention (non-renewables, recyclables)

Relationships

• Symbiosis=commensalism, parasitism, mutualism• Competition=limited resources that all things

need, organisms must “fight” to gain access.• Predator/Prey=one species eats the other• “Auto”troph=self-feed (plants, algae, bacteria that

make their own food through photosynthesis)• “Hetero”troph=other-feed (animals that eat others

to survive)

Trophic Levels (A hierarchy?)

• Producers=Autotrophs, at the bottom of any food chain or web.

• Consumers=Heterotrophs, above autotrophs, can be 1st, 2nd, 3rd order-rarely4th, Why?

• Types of consumers:• carnivores-meat eaters• herbivores-plant eaters• omnivores-eat anything• decomposers-eat dead things (carrion)

Food Webs, Chains, and Ecological Pyramids

• See Camera

• Food Chain=linear feeding relationship

• Food web=lots of food chains overlapping

• Ecological Pyramid=graphic (visual) representation of numeric relationships (biomass, number of individuals, energy) between trophic levels.

Energy flow

• Arrows show energy flow direction

• Energy is transferred in small amounts (only 10% each time)

• This can be represented by an ecological pyramid-see overhead

• b/c of energy flow, food chains can only be 4-5 links long-WHY

Changes in communities over time

• Succession-the orderly, predictable change in an area over time

• Succession begins with pioneer species and ends with a climax community

• In Primary, there is a new, untouched area that has never supported life

• In Secondary, there is a catastrophe which causes succession to start over again.

• See overhead

Populations• Demography: the study of populations over

time (includes categories and specific info about individuals).

• For whole populations:– Population density=amount of people/area

inhabited– Dispersion=where in the area people are found– Birth rate=# people born/total population– Death rate(mortality)=# people dying/total

popuation– Survivorship curves-number of individuals

surviving over time (see overhead)

More demography

• For individuals in populations:– Life expectancy-amount of time someone is

expected to live– Immigration=people moving into populations– Emigration=people moving out of populations

• Age Structure=graphical representation of age/gender demographics. Can be used predict growth and decline of populations.

Population Fluctuation

• Growth rate=birth rate-death rate• Factors affecting growth

– carrying capacity (K=the amount of individuals that an area can hold) and limiting factors which determine K.

– Density-dependent factors=effect populations the most when closest to K (disease, famine)

– Density-independent factors=occur regardless of population size (ex: drought, natural disasters)

– Premature death due to small population size and inbreeding (mating relatives-as opposed to interbreeding)

Growth Models

• Linear Model=populations growing in a straight line (not likely)

• Exponential Model=rapid (exponential), parabolar growth (J-curve)– populations do grow exponentially– after a while, however, growth slows

• Logistic Model=builds onto exponential model, but accounts for the leveling-off at K. (S-curve)– only drawback is that there are oscillations at K

• See overhead

How does this apply?

• Rapidly-growing populations can cause disease and famine.

• Developing countries (less wealthy, contains approx. 80% of the world’s population, ex: Central America, Africa, South America, Southeast Asia) have less access to birth control and health care

• Developed countries (more wealthy, Europe, North America, Australia, etc) have more access to health care and birth control.

Test Topics (DK, K, R)

• Ecology Hierarchy

• Biomes and where they’re found

• Biotic and abiotic factors

• Biodiversity

• Symbiosis (parasitism, mutualism, commensalism)

• Factors Effecting populations

• Natural Resources

• Predator/Prey relationships

• Energy flow and food webs

• Trophic Levels• Population growth

graphs• Demography and

demographic calculations

• Competition• Niches

today’s plan: 11/18/09 bellwork: go over test/do portfolios (35 mins) hierarchy of ecology...

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