Toddlers- Toddlers- Intellectual & Intellectual &

SocialSocialDevelopmentDevelopment

Chapter 12 & 13Chapter 12 & 13

VocabularyVocabulary

Deferred ImitationDeferred Imitation: The ability to recall : The ability to recall someonesomeone’’s behavior and later imitate it.s behavior and later imitate it. Baby feeding a doll the way adults feed babies.Baby feeding a doll the way adults feed babies. Used both in pretend play and language.Used both in pretend play and language.

AttributesAttributes: Distinctive characteristics of an : Distinctive characteristics of an object, such as size, shape, color and object, such as size, shape, color and texture.texture. Perceive differences.Perceive differences. Comparison.Comparison.

VocabularyVocabulary

ChildrenChildren’’s vocabulary grows slowly until 18 s vocabulary grows slowly until 18 months to 2 years of age.months to 2 years of age.

The fastest growth occurs around 30 The fastest growth occurs around 30 months of age.months of age.

VocabularyVocabulary

From 12-18 months, toddlers use one-word From 12-18 months, toddlers use one-word sentences.sentences. ““Bye-byeBye-bye”” could mean a moving object or to could mean a moving object or to

make a request like make a request like ““LetLet’’s go!s go!””

First words are usually nouns and simple First words are usually nouns and simple verbs like mama, daddy, kitty, run, bye-bye.verbs like mama, daddy, kitty, run, bye-bye.

Then, the child learns descriptive words like Then, the child learns descriptive words like big,, hot, pretty, loud and fast.big,, hot, pretty, loud and fast.

VocabularyVocabulary

After 19 months, children combine two or After 19 months, children combine two or more words…more words… Milk gone.Milk gone.

By 24-30 months, children combine three or By 24-30 months, children combine three or more words.more words. All gone milk or Milk all gone.All gone milk or Milk all gone.

VocabularyVocabulary

AutonomyAutonomy: A form of self-control in which a : A form of self-control in which a person seeks to do his or her will.person seeks to do his or her will. Builds on expanding motor and mental skills.Builds on expanding motor and mental skills. TheyThey’’re proud and their new skills and want to re proud and their new skills and want to

use them.use them.

Self-EsteemSelf-Esteem: Feeling good about yourself : Feeling good about yourself and what you can do.and what you can do. People with high amounts of self-esteem People with high amounts of self-esteem

believe they are worthwhile people.believe they are worthwhile people.

EmotionsEmotions

Toddlers can sense emotions in others.Toddlers can sense emotions in others. Detect fear in adults.Detect fear in adults. Sense somethingSense something’’s wrong when an adult is s wrong when an adult is

anxious.anxious. Imitate other childrenImitate other children’’s emotions.s emotions. Ability to imagine scary things… Monsters, Ability to imagine scary things… Monsters,

etc…etc…

EmotionsEmotions

AffectionAffection: Express affection for caregivers, : Express affection for caregivers, toys, pets by wanting to be near themtoys, pets by wanting to be near them

FearFear: Fears increase quickly after age two : Fears increase quickly after age two because they know more about things to because they know more about things to fear.fear. Animals, darkness, nightmares, Animals, darkness, nightmares, ““bad people,bad people,””

injury, gestures and startling noises.injury, gestures and startling noises. Never tease toddlers about their fears or push Never tease toddlers about their fears or push

them into scary situations.them into scary situations. Avoid too much TV.Avoid too much TV.

EmotionsEmotions

AnxietyAnxiety: Separation anxiety continues into : Separation anxiety continues into the toddler stage and sometimes beyond.the toddler stage and sometimes beyond. Parents must make sure the child receives Parents must make sure the child receives

good, loving care during separations.good, loving care during separations.

NightmaresNightmares: Can begin around 2 years of : Can begin around 2 years of age.age. These bad dreams are a way of dealing with These bad dreams are a way of dealing with

anxiety.anxiety. Decrease over time.Decrease over time.

EmotionsEmotions

AngerAnger: Toddlers react with anger when unable : Toddlers react with anger when unable to achieve their goals.to achieve their goals.

Temper TantrumsTemper Tantrums: Sudden emotional : Sudden emotional outbursts of anger.outbursts of anger. Lie on the floor, kicking and screaming.Lie on the floor, kicking and screaming. Ignoring the toddler may cause him/her to stop.Ignoring the toddler may cause him/her to stop. After the tantrum is over, give the toddler love After the tantrum is over, give the toddler love

and reassurance.and reassurance. A childA child’’s anger is not purposefully directed s anger is not purposefully directed

toward others until three years old.toward others until three years old.