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INTRODUCTION TO JAVA

PROGRAMMINGFAIROSE BINTI MOHTARInformation Technology in Information System (Bsc. Hons), UUM

JABATAN TEKNOLOGI MAKLUMAT & KOMUNIKASI

POLITEKNIK MUKAH SARAWAK

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LEARNING OUTCOMES :

Upon completion of this course, the students should be able to:

1. Describe the features and basic concepts of Java language.

2. Write, compile Java source code and interpret Java byte code using Java

Development Kit (JDK).

3. Implement the key of OOP concepts: classes and objects, inheritance and

polymorphism.

4. Incorporate exception handling in Java Programming.

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OBJECTIVE :

Understand Java Terminology And Environment :1. Describe the evolution and architecture of Java

2. Describe the basic concepts of object oriented programming

3. Explain the features of Java

4. List the differences between C++ and Java

5. Describe the types of Java programs

6. Describe the tools available in Java Developer Kit

7. Write a simple Java program

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Review : Features of OOP

DataAbstraction - Refers to the concept ofrepresenting only the essential features of a data

without including the non-essential details.

Encapsulation - Refers to the mechanism of

wrapping up of data and methods (that operate onthe data) into a single unit (class).

Inheritance - Refers to the concept by which oneclass derives the properties of another class.

Polymorphism - Refers to the response (output)of each object differently for the same input.

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Introduction

Is a object oriented programming (OOP) language.

Is simple and easy to understand.

Runs on a wide variety of operating environments.

Is a powerful and popular language to developInternet applications.

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Java Evolution

Year History

1990 C++ was found not fit to control electronic

devices. So research for a new

programming language started.1991-92 A new programming language OAK was

found. Later renamed as JAVA.

1993-94 Java became a perfect language to

develop Internet-based applications

1995 Sun Microsystems introduced Java-

enabled Web browser Hot Java.

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Java Architecture

Java is platform-independent as it can run ona wide variety of computers using differentOS.

There are four important components in Java

architecture: Java Source Code

Java Compiler

Java Byte code (Object code)

Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

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Java Architecture - Components

The components can be explained asfollows:

Java Source Code - Program written in the formof text using Java.

Java Compiler - Used to convert source codeinto binary program that consists of byte code. Itcreates .class file.

Java Byte Code (Object code) - Byte code is a

set of instructions that are machine-independent.Executed by JVM.

Java Virtual Machine (JVM) - Is a Java runtimesystem. Converts the bytecode in .class file to

machine language.

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Java Minimum Specifications and

Platform

Standard Edition SDK Components : OS running on the SPARC chip (32 bit and 64 bit) as well as :

Solaris OS

Linux

Microsoft Windows

The Java Platform, Standard Edition SDK includes the following :

Java Virtual Machine for the platform you choose Java class libraries for the platform you choose

Java compiler

Java class library (API) documentation (as a separate download)

Additional utilities, such as utilities for creating Java archive files (JAR files) and

for debugging Java technology programs

Examples of Java technology programs.

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Features in Java

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Features in Java

Simple - Java is easy to learn and use. Object-Oriented - This approach to design

programs very close to the real world.

Platform-Independent - Java programs written inone environment can run on all other environments.

Portable - Feature of bytecode and basic data typesin Java makes it compatible with all systems.

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Features in Java

Distributed -Java is powerful language to shareand access data across the net.

Robust -Java programs are reliable. Earlychecking and dynamic checking during runtime,

mostly eliminates situations that cause errors.

Secure -Java is a highly secure programminglanguage.

Multi-threaded - This concept enables Javaprograms to handle many tasks simultaneously.

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C++ VS Java

Compilation model of C++ and Java

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C++ VS Java

C++ Java

Supports ASCII char set. Supports Unicode char set.

Supports pointers, structures,

complex functions concepts.

Does not support pointers,

structures and complex

functions concepts.

Supports multiple inheritance. Does not support multipleinheritance. It can be

supported through

interface feature.

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Tools in Java Development Kit (JDK)

The tools available in Java Development Kit(JDK) are:

Compiler - javac is the Java compiler. It converts

the source code to .class file with bytecode. Interpreter - Java interpreter java is used to

translate the bytecode to machine language code.

AppletViewer - It is a tool used to view theapplet programs created in Java.

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Types of Java Program

The two types of Java programs are: Application Programs

Application programs are the stand-alone programs, which can

execute from the command prompt.

Applet Programs

Applet programs are the Internet based programs, which can

run in a Web-browser.

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Summary

In this presentation, you learnt the following:1. Java is a object oriented programming (OOP)

language.

2. Java is found to be powerful for Internetapplications.

3. Java is platform-independent as it can run on widevariety of computers using different OS.

4. Java compiler, javacconverts source code of Javato the .class file with byte code.

5. Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is Java runtimeenvironment that converts bytecode to machinelanguage.

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Summary

In this presentation, you learnt the following:6. The two types of Java program are Application and

Applets.

7. The JDK tools are Compiler, Interpreter and AppletViewer.

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Review :

1. What is Java Virtual Machine?2. What are the tools available in Java Developers

Kit.

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Jigsaw Method Activity

Divide into a small group (4 person) Each group have a leader

Read these sub-topic :

Java Architecture

Features in Java C++ vs Java

Java Tools