topic of the week: mixtures, solutions, and suspensions homework : read section pgs 96 – 99 4.3...
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Topic of the Week: Mixtures, Solutions, and Suspensions
WEEK OF NOVEMBER 7TH
Homework:• read section pgs 96 – 99• 4.3 Section Review
SWBAT:• list the four categories of matter• explain the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures• compare and contrast solutions to suspensions
Class work/Labs:• Mystery Mixtures• Comparing Solutions to Suspensions
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Quick Write!1. What categories can matter be
classified into?2. Why is matter not classified into their
different phases?
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 7TH
SWBAT:• list the four categories of matter• explain the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
Homework:• read section pgs 96 – 99• 4.3 Section Review
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Quick Write!1. Take a lab and read the steps.2. Define heterogeneous and
homogeneous mixtures on the lab packet.
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 9TH
SWBAT:• Identify the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures• Make observations and conclusions
Homework:• read section pgs 96 – 99• 4.3 Section Review• Complete the lab
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WHAT YOU KNOW ABOUT MATTER
Four phases of Matter: 1. Solid2. Liquid 3. Gas4. Plasma
Four Phase Changes of Matter
1. Melting2. Freezing3. Condensing4. vaporization
What is new!• Matter is classified according to makeup:
Four classifications:1. mixtures2.Solutions3.Elements4.compounds
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SCIENTISTS ASK THEMSELVES THESE QUESTIONS?
Is the matter uniform throughout?Can it be separated by physical
means?Can it be separated by chemical
means?
By asking these questions scientists can classify matter into:1. Mixtures 2. Elements3. Compounds
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MIXTURES
two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and can be separated by physical means.
The substances in a mixture retain their individual properties.
Example:Solutions – a special kind of mixture
where one substance dissolves in another.
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Quick Write!1. List 3 descriptions of heterogeneous
mixtures.2. Write down 3 examples of
heterogeneous mixtures.
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 8TH
SWBAT:• explain the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
Homework:• due Thursday• read section pgs 96 – 99• 4.3 Section Review
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IS IT UNIFORM THROUGHOUT? If the answer is no, the matter is a
heterogeneous mixture. What it means to be heterogeneous:
Considered the “least mixed.”Does not appear to be the same
throughout.Particles are large and can be seen.Particles can be separated from mixture.Separates upon standing
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EXAMPLES OF HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES Sand and pebbles Oil and water Powdered iron and powdered sulfur
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NEXT QUESTION, IS IT UNIFORM THROUGHOUT? If the answer is yes, the matter is
homogeneous (appears to be the same throughout).
But can be a mixture, element or compound
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CAN IT BE SEPARATED BY PHYSICAL MEANS? If the answer is yes, the matter is a
homogeneous mixture or solution.
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HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES A mixture that appears to be the same
throughout. It is “well mixed.” The particles that make up the mixture
are very small and not easily recognizable.
These particles do not settle when the mixture is set to stand.Two Types of Homogeneous
Mixtures:SolutionsColloids
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EXAMPLES OF HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES
Milk, toothpaste, and mayonnaise are homogeneousmixtures. They are also colloids.
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CLOSURE1. Write 3
descriptions to help you identify homogeneous mixtures.
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Quick Write!1. Notes
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 10TH
SWBAT:• explain what a colloid is • what is the difference between solvents and solutes
Homework:• read workbook pgs 15-23• complete all pages due next Friday!
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COLLOIDS In a colloid the
particles are mixed together but not dissolved.
The particles are relatively large and are kept permanently suspended.
0
20
40
60
80
100
1st
Qtr
2nd
Qtr
3rd
Qtr
4th
Qtr
East
West
North
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COLLOIDS A colloid will not separate upon standing.
The particles are constantly colliding, and this allows a colloid to scatter light – colloids seem cloudy.
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Name ExampleFog
(liquid in gas)Clouds
Smoke(solid in a gas)
Smoke
Foam(gas in a liquid)
Whipped cream
Emulsion(liquid in liquid)
Mayonnaise
Sol(solid in liquid)
Paint
Gel(liquid in a
solid)
butter
Types of Colloids
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SOLUTIONS A solution is a type of homogeneous
mixture formed when one substance dissolves in another.
best mixed of all mixtures A solution always has a substance
that is dissolved and a substance that does the dissolving.
The substance that is dissolved is the solute and the substance that does the dissolving is the solvent.
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OCEAN WATER IS A SOLUTION
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THE UNIVERSAL SOLVENT: WATER
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WATER AS A SOLVENT Many liquid solutions contain water as
the solvent. Ocean water is basically a water
solution that contains many salts. Body fluids are also water solutions.
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WHAT IS A SOLUTE?
The substance that does the dissolving
WHAT IS A SOLVENT?
• The substance that is being dissolved
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CLOSURE Answer the following:1. What is a colloid?2. What is a pure substance?3. Why are elements pure substances?4. What is an atom?5. Write the chemical symbols for:
1. Lead2. Sulfur3. Sodium4. Helium5. nitrogen
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Solubility Elements Compounds Periodic table
TOPICS OF THE WEEKMONDAY, NOVEMBER 14TH
SWBAT:• explain what is solubility • what is the difference between solids and gases and their solubility• periodic table• Elements, compounds and atoms
Homework:• read workbook pgs 15-23• complete all pages byFriday!• List 10 chemical elements that can be found in your house• Quiz Wednesday
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Quick Write!1. What is solubility?2. What is the relationship of temperature
and solubility? Is the relationship the same for gases and
solids?
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 14TH
SWBAT:• explain what is solubility • what is the difference between solids and gases and solubility
Homework:• read workbook pgs 15-23• complete all pages due Friday!• find 10 chemical elements that can be found in your house by Friday• Quiz Wednesday
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TYPES OF SOLUTIONS
Gas GasGas Liquid
Solid Liquid
Solute Solvent Example
Solid Solid
Metals dissolved in metals are called alloys.
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TYPES OF SOLUTIONS
Gas GasGas Liquid
Solid Liquid
Solute Solvent Example
Solid Solid
Metals dissolved in metals are called alloys.
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TYPES OF SOLUTIONS
Gas Gas Air (oxygen in nitrogen)Gas Liquid Soda water (carbon
dioxide in water)Solid Liquid Ocean water (salt in
water)
Solute Solvent Example
Solid Solid Gold jewelry (copper in gold)
Metals dissolved in metals are called alloys.
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AIR IS A SOLUTION OF OXYGEN AND OTHER GASES DISSOLVED IN NITROGEN
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SOLUBILITY Soluble:
A substance that can dissolve in another substance
Insoluble:A substance that does not dissolve in water
Solubility:A given solute can be dissolved in a given
amount of solvent at a certain temperature.As temperature increases so does the
solubility of a solidAs temperature increase solubility of gas
decreases
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ALLOYS
Brass is an alloy of copperand zinc.
Stainless steel is a mixtureof iron and chromium.
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CAN IT BE SEPARATED BY PHYSICAL MEANS? If the answer is no, the matter is a pure
substance.An element
..\Periodic Table\The Element Song.aviOr a compound
Elements – simplest form of pure substance. cannot be broken into anything else
Compounds – pure substances that are the unions of two or more elements. can be broken by chemical means.
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ELEMENTS Elements are the simplest pure substance.
They can not be changed into a simpler substance by any chemical process.
The smallest particle of an element is called an atom.Atom: basic building block of matter.
There are more than 100 known elements in the universettp://www.fossweb.com/CA/modules3-6/Mi
xturesandSolutions/activities/periodictable.html
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ELEMENTS All elements are
made of atoms. Each atom has
subatomic particles:ProtonNeutron Electron
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ELEMENTS In 1813, a system of
representing elements with symbols was introduced. Each symbol consists of one
or two letters. Two letters are needed for a
chemical symbol when the first letter of that element’s name has already been used.
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IDENTIFY SOME COMMON ELEMENTSAluminumBromineCalciumCarbonGoldHeliumHydrogenNitrogen
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IDENTIFY SOME COMMON ELEMENTSAluminum AlBromine BrCalcium CaCarbon CGold AuHelium HeHydrogen HNitrogen N
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COMPOUNDS
Are pure substances. Are made from more
than one element. Example:
Water is a compound.Water can be broken
down into simpler substances:hydrogen and oxygen.
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CLOSURE Answer the following:1. What is a colloid?2. What is a pure substance?3. Why are elements pure substances?4. What is an atom?5. Write the chemical symbols for:
1. Lead2. Sulfur3. Sodium4. Helium5. nitrogen