The World drifted The World drifted toward War toward War The World drifted The World drifted toward War toward War

LIC. LAURA FLORES

Factors that weakened the League of Nations

Factors that weakened the League of Nations

No control of major conflicts. No progress in disarmament. No effective military forceUS and the Soviet Union were not members.

Definition: Organization created to maintain peacethrough negotiations, ratherthan war

Hyperinflation—German’s Hyperinflation—German’s Economy in Shambles after Economy in Shambles after

WWIWWI

Weimar Republic: Decadence &

Corruption in 1920’s Berlin

Germany was taken over by corruption, chaos and Communist uprisings. Decadence and anarchy reigned and everyone seemed to be at war with one another. In addition the state was under a constant threat, being unarmed and unsafe in the neighbor of steadily strengthening Soviet Union. This was the situation when the National Socialists began their struggle.

Germany was taken over by corruption, chaos and Communist uprisings. Decadence and anarchy reigned and everyone seemed to be at war with one another. In addition the state was under a constant threat, being unarmed and unsafe in the neighbor of steadily strengthening Soviet Union. This was the situation when the National Socialists began their struggle.

The Great DepressionThe Great Depression

“Brother, can you spare a dime?”

Nazism

FascismCommunism

*These theories, specifically Communism and Fascism, are completely different theories that are bitterly opposed; however they exhibit the same behaviour

Totalitarianism

"Don't chat! Chatting leads to treason"

Policy of AppeasementPolicy of AppeasementAppeasementAppeasement Policy of making Policy of making

concessions to an concessions to an aggressor in hopes of aggressor in hopes of avoiding war.avoiding war.

How was it used prior to How was it used prior to

World War II?World War II? Acceptance that Hitler Acceptance that Hitler

could not be stopped and could not be stopped and needed to be negotiated needed to be negotiated with (even at the expense with (even at the expense of the smaller independent of the smaller independent countries) countries)

Accepted because of Accepted because of sympathy and guilt felt by sympathy and guilt felt by Britain and USA of unjust Britain and USA of unjust Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles

U. S. Neutrality Acts:1934, 1935, 1937, 1939

U. S. Neutrality Acts:1934, 1935, 1937, 1939

U.S. practiced a foreign policy of isolationism---remain out of the affairs of nations outside of North America

Germany Invades the Rhineland

March 7, 1936

Germany Invades the Rhineland

March 7, 1936

Rhineland : Border line between Germany and France occupied by Hitler

Why the German Why the German reoccupation of the reoccupation of the Rhineland marked a Rhineland marked a

significant turning point?significant turning point? Hitler´s power increased in Germany

The balance of power changed in Germany´s favor.

The weak response by France and Great Britain encouraged Hitler to further aggression

They killed political dissidents, Soviet prisoners of war, and other radicals for political reasons.

Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936

The “Pact of Steel”

Axis Powers:Alliance among Germany,Italy.

Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis, 1940

Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis, 1940

The Tripartite Pact

Hitler at the 1936 Berlin Hitler at the 1936 Berlin OlympicsOlympics

African-American Jesse Owens became the first to win 4 gold medals in track and field---much to Hitler’s contempt

The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939

The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939

Francisco Franco: Becomes first fascist dictator of Spain /

ally of Hitler

“Guernica” by Pablo Picasso

“Guernica” by Pablo Picasso

The bombing of Guernica (April 26, 1937) was an aerial attack on the Basque town of Guernica, causing widespread destruction and civilian deaths during the Spanish Civil War. The raid by planes of the German Luftwaffe "Condor Legion" and the Italian Fascist Aviazione Legionaria was called Operation Rügen. Western countries viewed Guernica as an example of ‘terror bombing.‘ This is the subject of Picasso’s famous anti-war painting.

The bombing of Guernica (April 26, 1937) was an aerial attack on the Basque town of Guernica, causing widespread destruction and civilian deaths during the Spanish Civil War. The raid by planes of the German Luftwaffe "Condor Legion" and the Italian Fascist Aviazione Legionaria was called Operation Rügen. Western countries viewed Guernica as an example of ‘terror bombing.‘ This is the subject of Picasso’s famous anti-war painting.

The Japanese Invasionof China, 1937

The Japanese Invasionof China, 1937

WWII began in Asia whenThe Japanese army invadedThe Chinese province of Manchuria

The Austrian Anschluss, 1938The Austrian Anschluss, 1938

Within three years of the rise to power of the Nazi Party in Germany and his appointment as Chancellor, Adolf Hitler had begun to rearm Germany and had marched his troops back into the demilitarized Rhineland. These actions were in breach of the Treaty of Versailles, but produced no retaliation from Great Britain and France, and the Nazi leader felt that he could safely embark on military aggression against tiny Austria. After first destabilizing its government, Hitler invaded Austria in 1938. Many Austrians welcomed the Nazis and were content to see their country incorporated into Germany.

Within three years of the rise to power of the Nazi Party in Germany and his appointment as Chancellor, Adolf Hitler had begun to rearm Germany and had marched his troops back into the demilitarized Rhineland. These actions were in breach of the Treaty of Versailles, but produced no retaliation from Great Britain and France, and the Nazi leader felt that he could safely embark on military aggression against tiny Austria. After first destabilizing its government, Hitler invaded Austria in 1938. Many Austrians welcomed the Nazis and were content to see their country incorporated into Germany.

Munich Conference(Sudetenland)

Munich Conference(Sudetenland)

England and France agree to let Hitler take part of Czechoslovakia in 1938 and in exchange Hitler promises to stop further aggressive actions.

England and France agree to let Hitler take part of Czechoslovakia in 1938 and in exchange Hitler promises to stop further aggressive actions.

SUDETENLAND

Mountanious region of western Czechoslovakiaoccupied by Hitler

Why did France and Britain fail to take a strong stand against Hitler time after time?

Neither was strong enough to stand against Hitler alone, they didn´t want to weaken their economies again

MUNICH CONFERENCE

SHORT- TERMS OUTCOMES

Made Hitler confident

Accelerating his plans of attack

LONG-TERM OUTCOMESlIt became a symbolfor surrender

Future leaders shouldNever vote to appease An aggressor again.

Appeasement: The Munich Agreement, 1938

Appeasement: The Munich Agreement, 1938

Now we have “peace in our time!” Herr Hitler is a man we can do

business with.

British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain who practiced appeasement

Negotiations????? Process of making Trade offs

Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich: 1939

Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich: 1939

Occupy: to take over without permission

Puppet government: Government controlled by An outside power

Collective security: A system in which nations Act together to stop aggression