toward a polymorphic future internet: an internet science approach kavé salamatian, listic,...
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TOWARD A POLYMORPHIC FUTURE INTERNET:AN INTERNET SCIENCE APPROACH
Kavé Salamatian, LISTIC, Université de Savoie
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Once upon a time, …, in the beginning
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And now !
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Happy birthday !!!!
Three anniversaries in 2009 20 years of WWW 30 years of USENET 40 years of Internet
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Internet: a global media
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The “Hourglass” as the model
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From clear layers to spaghetti …
Ethernet
IPv4 IPv6
UDP TCP
HTTP SMTP
KaZaa
PPP
L2TP
PPPoE
ICMP
SOAP XMLRPC
ICMPv6
802.1q
ICA/Citrix
DNS IRC
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The Real Internet looks like
8
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The R&D « Learning » Curve
early middle late time
Sol
utio
n co
mpl
exit
y Solutions in use
Understanding of problem area
Solutions proposed
New CycleIndustry transfer9
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New challenges in Networking
early middle late time
Sol
utio
n co
mpl
exit
y Opposite forces
ApplicationsRegulationEconomy
ManagementComplexity
Are We’re here or there or both!
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Give it to me, I have 1G bytes phone flash.
I have 100M bytes of data, who can carry for me?
I can also carry for you!
Thank you but you are in the opposite direction!
Don’t give to me! I am running out of storage. Reach an
access point.
Internet
Finally, it arrive…
Search La Bonheme.mp3 for me
Search La Bonheme.mp3 for me
Search La Bonheme.mp3 for me
There is one in my pocket…
Nowadays … Pocket switched networks
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Go back to basics
A network is build of components Local in a node or distributed Sitting in one layer or crossing layers Tightly or lightly coupled
Cooperating to transmit information from point to point.
Actual layered architecture is just one specific type of collaboration Collaborating through protocols
Autonomous networking idea Moving from pile view to puzzle view
Need for new theoretical framework
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Cooperation ?
Full Cooperation Do the best possible behavior to reach a goal
Assuming full collaboration Is the goal achievable ? How to achieve the goal ?
Multi-user information Theory Non–cooperative
Selfish behavior Different rational goal How to mitigate conflicting rational goal ? Game theory
Malicious behavior Harmful goal How to contain irrational objectives ? Behavioral inference
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Cooperation framework
• Each Node implement a forwarding function
• The forwarding function implement the cooperation
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Forwarding function Examples
Flooding
Routing
Distributed computation
Network coding
Any other ?
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CLEAN SLATE VS EVOLUTIONARY?
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Exploring the future Internet
What is broken and need to be fixed?
What is the right approach? Is the clean slate approach
appropriate? Any transition methodology?
How difficult do you expect that a new architecture would be adopted? We have a few examples on how
difficult it is to change the current architecture: multicast, mobile IP, Intserv/Diffserv, and IPv6.
Any enabling factor?
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Explore the possible Future(s) of the Internet Realistic view
Continuous evolution and change Usage and Services will become predominant User-centric approach to system design On-line social networks Greening the Internet Other factors than technology will be instrumental
Economics, Social behaviors, Entry cost, Regulation
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A single architecture ?
The future Internet might be Polymorphic Various research projects, scientists and
“people” will propose new ideas GENI, FIND, FIRE, etc…
Building blocks Architectures Flexibility is the major constraint of
future Internet
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Flexibility or the internet contortionist to accommodate Future
Internet polymorphism Enable different cooperation
paradigms in parallel. Enable easy deployment of
new application deployment. Without raising routing and
addressing to the application As Peer to Peer and overlay
networks A network where one could
implement, and deploy its new network protocols or cooperation schemes without disturbing other running protocols
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Virtualization, the enabler
Properties Isolation
Fault, software and performance isolation
Encapsulation All VM state can be captured into
a file Interposition`
All guest actions go through monitor
Monitor can inspect, modify, deny operations
PlanetLab, OneLab, XORP, etc.
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Security, Internet Achille Heel’s What should be in
future Internet security strong encryption and authentification ?
VPN’s Proxies ? Secure routing ?
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Future Internet minimal security A secure execution environment
A code should be executed the way it is designed and not differently
An authentication mechanism Local of global authentication ?
Monitoring Interposition layer ?`
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Scalability or the delusion of grandeur
Active BGP entries (FIB)
349893
All BGP entries (RIB)
10775196
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Compact space routing
y
Peer
Q(x,y)
(x,y) d-dimensional space with n zones
2 zones are neighbor if d-1 dim overlap
Routing path of length:
Algorithm:Choose the neighbor nearest to the destination
Q(x,y) Query/Resource
key
Fundamental question Is it possible to design a compact space routing for any application ?
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Enabling continuous deployment of New architectures
Virtualized substrate
IP world
Policies
Monitoring
Security
Federation
First applied to Test-beds federation
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Vision – The « Facility » framework27
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Experimentally driven research
Why? Research driven by Intuition &
Experimentation + validation A Playground for enabling new architectures Shorter time to System/Market Complementary to Network Science
What? …Enforce a Federation effort on building a large-scale facility for “Internet” research Building, Operating, Maintaining a testbed is
costly Diversity and scale Lower the entry cost for experimentation
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Conclusions
Two main positions Future Internet should be polymorphic
Enable the coexistence of different networking paradigms in the same framework
Virtualisation is a key enabler Future Internet needs a networking science
To have strong foundations rooted in Physics, information theory, economics, sociology,
ethnology, etc… Cooperation is a strong concept
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Conclusions
Issues To develop this networking science Flexibility
Virtualization is key We are moving toward a “no architecture”
Security Sandbox, authentification and monitoring should be
integrated to architecture Scalability
Is it possible to construct infinitely scalable addressing and routing schemes
Clean Slate approach should enable the coexistence of different addressing/routing schemes.