towards a machine-actionable scholarly communication system
DESCRIPTION
The presentation explores the trend towards a scholarly communication system that is friendly to machines. It presents 3 exhibits illustrating the trend and 1 exhibit illustrating inertia in the system. It makes the point that machine-actionability can be much easier achieved if content and metadata are available in Open Access and under a permissive Creative Commons license. It also observes that even with content and metadata openly available, new costs related to advanced tools to explore the scholarly record will emerge. Finally, it points at significant challenges regarding the persistence of the scholarly record in light of increasingly interconnected and actionable content and advanced tools to interact with it. The slides were used for a plenary presentation at the LIBER 2011 Conference in Barcelona, Spain, on June 30 2011.TRANSCRIPT
Towards Machine-Actionable Scholarly Communication
h"p://www.flickr.com/photos/feuilllu/3021807255/
@hvdsomp
herbert van de sompel
Patterson. Re-engineering the functions of journals OAI7 Workshop presentation http://indico.cern.ch/contributionDisplay.py?sessionId=8&contribId=20&confId=103325
Patterson. Re-engineering the functions of journals OAI7 Workshop presentation http://indico.cern.ch/contributionDisplay.py?sessionId=8&contribId=20&confId=103325
http://www.flickr.com/photos/irrezolut/2974930837/
• Augmentation of the scholarly record with a machine actionable substrate • Integration of datasets into the scholarly record • Exposure of scholarly process and its integration in the scholarly record
Van de Sompel & Lagoze All Aboard: Toward a Machine-Friendly Scholarly Communication System. In: The Fourth Paradigm. h"p://research.microso=.com/en-‐us/collaboraAon/fourthparadigm/
• Unique identifiers (URI) for every Thing • Typed Links, Vocabularies, Ontologies (URI, RDF, RDFS, OWL) • Ability to publish information about a Thing • Ability for human and machine to look Things up (HTTP)
Exhibit 1: My Work in this Realm
OAI Object Reuse & Exchange
http://www.openarchives.org/ore/
Complex Objects
Open AnnotaAon
http://www.openannotation.org/
Yuma Map AnnotaAon
Haslhofer et. al. (2011) The Open Annotation Collaboration (OAC) Data Model MMWeb 2011 http://arxiv.org/abs/1106.5178
Memento: Time Travel for the Web
http://mementoweb.org
2010 Digital Preservation Coalition Digital Preservation Award
Version NavigaAon: Pic of the Day
http://www.mementoweb.org/demo/picoftheday.mov
Version NavigaAon: Time Series Analysis
Van de Sompel et. al. An HTTP-‐Based Versioning Mechanism for Linked Data LDOW 2009 h"p://arxiv.org/abs/1003.3661
Exhibit 2: Nanopublications
h"p://www.flickr.com/photos/stannate/1369623187/
The Paper Deluge
• Too much scholarly publicaAons to consume
• Too hard to make cross-‐discipline connecAons, to combine exisAng disparate findings to arrive at new insights
Palmer et. al. (2007) Weak informa<on work in scien<fic discovery Inf. Process. Manage. 43(3) 808–820 h"p://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2006.06.003
Ru"enberg et. al. Advancing transla<onal research with the Seman<c Web BMC Bioinf. 8(suppl. 3) S2 h"p://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-‐2105-‐8-‐S3-‐S2
Literature Mining
Verspoor et. al. The textual characteris<cs of tradi<onal and Open Access scien<fic journals are similar. BMC Bioinforma:cs 2009, 10:183 h"p://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-‐2105-‐10-‐183
Entity Identifiers & Ontologies
http://www.obofoundry.org/
Nanopublication
http://www.nanopub.org/
Nanopublication
http://www.nanopub.org/
Nanopublication
http://www.nanopub.org/
A Fix for the Nerds
Groth et. al. The Anatomy of a Nano-publication Information Services and Use 30(1), p.51-56, 2010 http://iospress.metapress.com/index/FTKH21Q50T521WM2.pdf
Publish, Merge, Search, Reason, Predict, Integrate
Clare et. al. Exploring the Genera<on and Integra<on of Publishable Scien<fic Facts Using the Concept of Nano-‐publica<ons ESWC 2011 https://svn.kwarc.info/repos/clange/conferences/eswc2011/sepublica/proceedings/999990013/999990013.pdf
Mons (2011) Nanopublications OAI7 Workshop presentation http://indico.cern.ch/contributionDisplay.py?sessionId=13&contribId=38&confId=103325
Smit & van der Graaf (2011) Journal Article Mining h"p://www.publishingresearch.net/documents/PRCSmitJAMreport20June2011VersionofRecord.pdf
Exhibit 3: Executable Papers
http://www.jeff-barr.com/?p=1446
Utopia Reader
Attwood et al. (2009) Utopia document and the Semantic Biochemical Journal. EMBnet.news , 15 (4). http://journal.embnet.org/index.php/embnetnews/article/viewArticle/45/151
h"p://www.executablepapers.com/about-‐challenge.html
Executable Paper: Conceptual View
Nowakowski et al. (2011) The Collage Authoring Environment Procedia Computer Science v4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.064
This space intenAonally blank.
Figure 1 of
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.064 goes here but is copyrighted.
Collage: Authoring and Reading
Nowakowski et al. (2011) The Collage Authoring Environment Procedia Computer Science v4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.064
This space intenAonally blank.
Figure 2 of
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.064 goes here but is copyrighted.
Collage: Rendering a Paper
Nowakowski et al. (2011) The Collage Authoring Environment Procedia Computer Science v4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.064
This space intenAonally blank.
Figure 3 of
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2011.04.064 goes here but is copyrighted.
Link Rot, CitaAon Rot, Service Rot
Sanderson et al. (2011) Analyzing the Persistence of Referenced Web Resources with Memento Open Repositories Conference Paper http://arxiv.org/abs/1105.3459
Exhibit 4: Citation
h"p://www.flickr.com/photos/themacinator/4183736814/
Citation
• Scholarly record expands: • Papers • Datasets • NanopublicaAons • Workflows • So=ware • …
• More ways to get credit
Move from Journal centric …
… to Contributor centric
Automatic Citation Graph
h"p://portal.acm.org
1. Article splash page in open access, crawl-enabled. 2. Splash page with recognizable References section 3. References that URI-link to the cited article
Open Data for Metrics
http://openurl.ac.uk/doc/data/thedata.html
Keep Your Eye On The Ball
h"p://www.flickr.com/photos/garryknight/3595141669/
Ownership
http://www.flickr.com/photos/vectorportal/5047619590/
Cost
http://www.flickr.com/photos/mammal/3455272493/
Persistence
The Long Now’s 10.000 Year Clock http://longnow.org/clock/prototype1/
Towards Machine-Actionable Scholarly Communication
h"p://www.flickr.com/photos/feuilllu/3021807255/
@hvdsomp
herbert van de sompel