training program on village disaster management...
TRANSCRIPT
National Institute of Disaster Management (Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India)
5-B, IIPA Campus, IP Estate, Ring Road, New Delhi - 110002
Training Program on Village Disaster Management Plan
Dates & Venue : 09-13th July 2018, National Institute of Disaster Management, New Delhi
Course Coordinator : Dr. Sushma Guleria (Email: [email protected]) Research Associate Course Objectives : The objectives of the programme were to: To explain the concept of village disaster management plan, To describe the process of development of village level disaster management plan, To describe the main components of the plan, To highlight the Standard Operating Procedure for Disaster Management Committees and Disaster Management Teams in various phases of disasters, and; To describe the process of updating of the plan.
Course Contents: The contents of the course would touch upon the following aspects, to achieve the objectives: Basic Concepts of Disaster Management- Paradigm shift in DM to DRR Linkages between disasters, climate change, environment and sustainable development Institutional Framework for disaster management in the country Hazard. Risk, Vulnerability & Capacity (HRVC) Analysis- Concept, Tools and Techniques:
Group Exercise Village Disaster Management Plan : Need, Framework and Process Group Exercise: Standard Operating procedures of DMC and DMTs in Pre and Post
Disaster Phase Field Visit: Group presentation Psychosocial Counselling in Disasters Financial mechanism for VDMP : Linking it with Development Schemes Mock Drill, Contact Details and Up-dation mechanism Components of Family Disaster Management Plan
Eligibility of Participants: The course is designed for Members of the District Disaster Management Authorities/Committee, Middle level officers from department of Revenue, Relief, Disaster Management, ULB, PWD, Block Development Officers, Zilla Parishad, Police, Fire, Agriculture, State Department of Irrigation and Flood Control, Health Department, NGOs, CBOs etc.
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
S.No.
Name, Designation and Organisation address
Contact Details State
1 Shri M.P. Rajmohan Block Development Officer Directorate of Rural Development, Andaman & Nicobar Administration, Andaman & Nicobar Island
Tel: 03192-252227, 272257 Fax: 03192-271369, 273160 Mob: 09434271118, 09933868500, 09434272488 [email protected] Emergency No. 094434274467
A&N
2 Shri P. Aruna Block Development Officer Directorate of Rural Development & Panchayati Raj Institutions, Zula Niwas Complex, Port Blair-744101
Tel: 03193-265248 Res: 03198-250126 Mob: 09434267687 [email protected] Emergency No. 09434297929
3 Shri Rajender Pal Block Development Officer Directorate of Rural Development, Andaman & Nicobar Administration, Andaman & Nicobar Island
Tel: 03192-266329 Fax: Mob:09434270703 [email protected] [email protected] Emergency No. 09531836871
4 Shri Gottipati Srinivasulu District Project Manager District Disaster Magmt Authority (DDMA) O/o Collectroate, Eluru West Godavari Dist. A.P.
Tel: 08812-230054 Fax: 08812-230052 Mob: 09246961086 [email protected] Emergency No. 09247763086
A.P.
5 Shri Radhe Tamo Jr. Engineer Arunachal Pradesh Energy Development Agency (APEDA) ADC Office, Hayuliang, P.O. Hayuliang P.S.-KHUPA Anjan District, Arunachal Pradesh
Mob: 09402231055 [email protected]
Arunachal Pradesh
6 Sri Tingjam Ponglaham Sub-Inspector (APP) Arunachal Pradesh Police, Longding, Arunachal Pradesh
Mob: 08257892242
7 Shri Ashok Kr. Sharma Project Officer Bihar State Disaster Management Authority (BSDMA) 2nd Floor, Pant
Mob: 09474349228 [email protected] Emergency No. 8678874474
Bihar
Bhawan, Bailey Road Patna-800001 Bihar
8 Shri. A.K. Ekka District Commandant D.G Homeguard, SDRF & Fire Training Centre, Sector-19, New Raipur, Chhattisgarh
Tel: 07752- 235570 Fax: 07752-235570 Mob: 9826054761/ 7828254862 [email protected]
Chattisgarh
9 Shri Tikam Singh Thakur Assistant Director of Agriculture, O/o the Dy. Director of Agriculture, Distt.Rajnandgoan, Collectorate Building Rajnandgaon Raipur
Tel 07744-224109, 0771-2442015 Fax: 0771-2442036 Mob: 07000730510 [email protected]
10 Shri Umesh Singh Tomar, Assistant Director of Agriculture, O/o the Dy. Director of Agriculture, Distt. Mahasumund, Raipur
Tel: 07723-222132, 2222521, 0771-2442015 Fax: 0771-2442036 Mob: 09826623421 [email protected] [email protected] Emergency No. 09926182268
11 Dr. Chandrakanta, Assistant Professor (Geography) Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, Phase-II, Sheikh SaraiNew Delhi-110017
Mob: 9888764692 [email protected] Mob: 9888352515
Delhi
12 Dr. Vishwa Raj Sharma Asst. Professor Deptt. of Geography, Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, University of Delhi, Sheikh Sarai-II New Delhi-110017
Tel: 011-29250306 Res: 011-29553726 Mob: 9810960874 [email protected] Emergency No. 8800113668
13
Dr. Surendra Kumar Yadav Faculty (Env. Sc.) NSIT, Dwarka Sector-3 New Delhi-110078
Mob: 8010513998, 8800960528 [email protected] [email protected]
14 Ms. Preeti Negi Research Officer DC Office, Mini Secretariat Palwal, Haryana
Mob: 8988373448 [email protected]
Haryana
15 Ms. Ramanjeet Kaur Research Officer District Revenue Office, Mini Secretariat, Sector-10, Kurukshetra Haryana
Tel: 01744-221035 Mob: 09779820607 [email protected] Emergency No. 07986531358
16 Dr. Mahesh Kumar Medical Officer Civil Hospital Nilokheri, Karnal Haryana
Mob: 08295066911 [email protected]
17 Shri Sudhir Ransiwal Executive Engineer Public Health Engineering Deptt. Panchkula, Haryana
Tel: 0129-4315777 Mob: 09711411813 [email protected]
18 Shri Rajesh Kumar Inspector Superintendant of Police Office, Ambala Haryana
Tel: 0172-2553520 Mob: 09466130009 [email protected]
19 Shri Naresh Kumar Jowel Distt. Revenue Officer (DRO) D.C. Office Faridabad, Revenue Deptt. Haryana
Mob: 09818633939 Email:
20 Ms. Harkanchan Singh, Training & Capacity Building Coordinator District Disaster Management Authorities, Deptt. of Revenue, Kullu-175101 Shimla
Tel: 01902-225633 Fax: 01902-225633 Mob: 09816115320 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Emergency No. 9816350703
Himachal Pradesh
21 Ms. Apoorva Maria, TCB Coordinator DDMA – Una, Himachal
Mob: 09915724830 Emergency No. 09418025342 [email protected]
22 Ms. Nipun Tickoo Block Development Officer Rural Development Deptt. and Panchayti Raj, Civil Secretariat Srinagar, J&K
Res:0191-2475029 Mob: 09697015679 [email protected] Emergency No. 07298005141
J&K
23 Ms. Ambika Bali Block Development Officer, Rural Development Deptt. and Panchayti Raj, Civil Secretariat Srinagar, J&K
Tel: Fax: Res: Mob: 09419166989 [email protected] Emergency No. 09419260415
J&K
24 Shri Krishna Murari Tirkey Circle Officer Circle Office, Chalkusha, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
Mob: 09199368875 [email protected]
Jharkhand
25 Shri Rajeev T.R. Hazard Analyst DEOC Thuruvanathapuram Kerala State Emergency Operation Centre (KSEOC) Thiruvanthapuram, Observatory Hills Vikas Bhawan -695033
Tel: 0471-2364424, 2730045 Res: 09446219912 Mob: 09656668755 [email protected]
Kerala
26 Ms. Athulya Thomas Hazard Analyst State Emergency Operation Centre (SEOC), Kerala State Disaster Management Authority, (KSDMA) Observatory Hills, Vikas Bhawan (P.O.) Thiruvanthapuram, Thrissur-695033
Tel:0487-2362424 Fax: Mob: 09447589596 [email protected]
27 Ms. Shweta Bisen C.E.O. Janapad Janapad Panchayat Narsinghpur, Rural Development Department, Distt. Narsinghpur M.P.
Tel: Fax: Res:09424739148 Mob:09424741771 [email protected] Emergency No. 09424739148
Madhya Pradesh
28 Shri Rahul Sukhdev Pokharkar Disaster Management Trainer (YASHADA) Yashavantrao Chavan Vikas Prashasan Prabodhini, Baner Road Village level trainer under CDM Yashda, Pune
Mob: 08888565317 [email protected] Emergency NO. 09011310991
Maharashtra Maharashtra
29 Shri Vivek Shamsundar Naidu Disaster Management Trainer, YASHDA Yashavantrao Chavan Vikas Prashasan Prabodhini, Baner Road Village level trainer under CDM Yashda, Pune
Mob: 09890942241 [email protected]
30 Shri Lakhan Santosh Gaikwad Disaster Management Trainer, YASHDA Village level trainer under CDM Yashda, Pune
Mob: 09604554946 [email protected] Emergency NO. 9604554906
31 Shri Yogesh Jaising Pardeshi Disaster Management Trainer, YASHDA Village level trainer under CDM Yashda, Pune
Mob: 08805190001 [email protected] Emergency NO. 09373923437
32 Shri Binoy Kumar Barman Ph.D Research Scholar Department of Geology
Mob: 7005684516 [email protected] Emergency No. 08787665721
Mizoram
Mizoram University, Aizwal
33 Shri Suto Sakhrie Rural Development Officer Directorate of Rural Development, Kohima-7977001 Nagaland
Tel: 0370-2271106 (O) Mob: 09436298759 [email protected]
Nagaland
34 Shri Vikheto Kits RDO Directorate of Rural Development, Kohima-7977001
Tel: 0370-2271106 (O) Mob: 09402435771 [email protected] Emergency No. 08730076020
35 Shri Sutanu Kumar Thakur State Project Officer Odisha State Disaster Management Authority, 9th Floor, Rajiv Bhawan, Unit-5, Bhubneshwar-751001
Tel: 0674-2395398, 2395531 Fax: 0674-2391871 Mob: 09437240597 [email protected]; [email protected] Emergency No. 07022547797
Odisha
36 Shri Somesh Rathi Executive Engineer (Civil) Public Works Deptt, Nirman Bhawan Jacob Road, Civil Lines Jaipur
Tel: 0141-2223547 Fax: 0141-2223547 Mob: 09414070920 [email protected]
Rajasthan
37 Shri Pritam Dhar Roy Panchayat Resource Development Officer (Financial Management) R.D. (Panchayat) Govt. of Tripura, Agartala-799006
Tel: 0381-2325484 Res: 08837247573 Mob: 08730828328 [email protected] Emergency No. 07005498599
Tripura
38 Shri Bulu Das Block Disaster Management Officer (B.D.M.O.) Directorate of Disaster management `TRAN BHAVAN’ S.N. Banerjee Road, Kolkata-700014
Tel: 033-22143526 Fax: 033-22141378 Res: 09477732898 Mob: 09874347057 [email protected]
West Bengal
39 Shri Abhik Samanta Block Disaster Management Officer (B.D.M.O.) Directorate of Disaster management `TRAN BHAVAN’ S.N. Banerjee Road, Kolkata-700014
Tel: 03179-250209, 250051, 033-22143526 Fax: 033-22141378 Mob: 08116445593, 08906608200 [email protected]
GROUP PHOTOGRAPH
MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE CHANGE IN
PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES IN MADHYA
PRADESH
Development Alternatives13 February, 2012
Climate Adaptive Planning: Integrating climate change concerns in village disaster management Planning ProcessAnand Kumar
What is mainstreaming,
and why mainstream climate change?
Climate Change & Its Impact on Development
Poverty
issues
Acute water
shortage
Decreasing agricultural
production
Rising socio-economic issues
Key Sectors Affected by Climate Change: Agriculture, Infrastructure,Forests, Fisheries, Biodiversity, Water, Tourism, Human Health
1.2 billion people live in areas vulnerable to hazards such as floods,cyclones and droughts
700 million people living in rural areas are dependent on climate-sensitive sectors
1.7% of GDP loss predicted, if the annual mean temperature rises by 1degree Celsius
US $7 billion loss in agriculture in India by 2030 due to decrease inseasonal mean rainfall and an increase in mean and extremeprecipitation during monsoon
1m rise in sea levels will displace more than 7 million people; destroymore than 5000 sq. km. of land and 4000 km. of roads
From project-based approaches...
▪ Project-based adaptation approaches are a first step in theright direction:
o Contribution to capacity building
o Involvement of stakeholders at grassroots level
o Identified projects usually correspond to real priorities and involvewider developmental benefits
▪ But there are also problems, notably:
o Poor institutional arrangements for implementation
o Low capacity for adaptation planning and implementation
to climate change mainstreaming
▪ In the medium and long term, standalone projects areunlikely to meet all adaptation and mitigation requirementsin a cost-effective, scalable manner
▪ There is a strong case for mainstreaming climate change intoall development planning, both at strategic planning levelsand in local development
▪ Mainstreaming: the informed integration of a relevant value, theme orconcern into the decisions of institutions that drive national, local andsectoral development policy, rules, plans, investment and action (adapted
from Dalal-Clayton & Bass 2009)
o Institutional strengthening and change and capacity building are at the heartof any mainstreaming effort
▪ Integrated and shared response to the complexity and challenges ofsustainable development
What is mainstreaming?
▪ Mainstreaming is a long-term, iterativeprocess aimed at:
o transforming ideas
o even more importantly, transforming policies, resource allocations andpractices
▪ in order to:
o promote desired developmental outcomes (with regard to gender,environment, climate change, governance, human rights, ...)
o and support integrated solutions to human problems
Objectives of mainstreaming
Why mainstream climate change?
▪ Climate change is a potentially significant threatto on-going development / poverty reduction efforts
▪ Pursuing economic growth is necessary but not sufficient torespond to climate-related challenges
▪ Climate change impacts are complex and requirecoordination across multiple sectors
▪ Standalone responses to climate change may distortdevelopment priorities and foster maladaptation
▪ An adequate, strategically designed responsecan bring significant developmental benefits
Why mainstream climate change at lower levels of governance
Sub-national and local levels
Best levels for observing /
understanding development and
climate change impacts
Vulnerability and adaptive capacity
are context-specific
Most adaptation options require
local implementation
Potential for piloting /
pioneering initiatives
How mainstreaming climate change ?
Finding the entry points and making
the case
Mainstreaming CC into policy and
planning processes
Meeting the implementation
challengePreliminary assessments
Understanding the science
Understanding CC–development linkages
Understanding climate-related uncertainties
Raising awareness and building partnerships
National consensus and commitment to climate-resilient, low-emission
development
Strengthening institutions and capacities
Needs assessmentWorking mechanisms
Collecting country-specific evidence and
influencing policy processes
Mainstreaming CC in (sub)national and sector
policies, strategies, programmes
Costing, assessing and selecting adaptation and mitigation options and
measures
Strengthening institutions and capacities
Learning by doing
Budgeting and financingMainstreaming CC in the
budgetary process
Mainstreaming CC in monitoring systems
Performance assessment frameworks
Supporting policy measures
National, sector and sub-national levels
Strengthening institutions and capacitiesMainstreaming
as standard practice
Engaging stakeholders and coordinating within the development community
Key institutional requirementsfor effective mainstreaming
▪ Availability and quality of :o Climate related information and evidence
o climate information;
o socio-economic analyses of key linkages between climate change and disaster riskreduction
o Institutional strengthening and capacity building
o assessments of costs and benefits of climate change adaptation activities;
o resources and commitment to support continuous capacity building and institutionalstrengthening
o resources and technical capacity
▪ The level of engagement of a broad range ofstakeholders at all levels;
▪ Existence of and possibility for technical support;
▪ A mix of ‘Top-down’ and ‘Bottom-up’ approaches.
Key Stakeholders
Members of
Parliament
Ministries of
Finance,
Planning,
Development
Ministries with
sector-specific
competences
Sector
management
agencies
Civil society
organisations
Private
sectorResearch
organisations
Donor
agencies
Sub-national / local
governments
Local
private
sector
Local citizens
& organisations
Top-down and bottom-up approaches to adaptation
National level incl. sectors
Subnational levels (local in
particular)
Top
-do
wn
Bo
ttom
-up
Model- and scenario-driven
Focused on physical impacts and ‘biophysical vulnerability’
Stakeholder approach
Focused on prevailing socio-economic & environmental conditions and on ‘social vulnerability’
National policies & strategies
Community-based
adaptation, pilot projects
Adaptation
Freely adapted from Dessai & Hulme (2004)
Case study
Climate Change and Development
❖ Climate change is a core development issue and presents risks to the achievementof Millennium Development Goals. The solutions involve development that is bothlow carbon (renewables, efficiency, and land management for carbon storage) andclimate-resilient (adaptation).
❖ Climate change is leading to many impacts at the local level
❖ Communities have adopted several autonomous adaptive strategies, mechanismsand practices
❖ Many potential activities for adaptation and mitigation are not reflected in thevillage plans
➢ District Planning Process do not follow guidelines and
➢ weak stakeholder capacity for planning
❖ Capacity building is a major activity which may help achieve the task of Climateadaptive District Planning
❖ Need to develop climate resilient local plans and capacities
❖
Goals and Objectives
Improve resilience of communities to withstand the impacts of climate change
Understand climate induced risks and Vulnerabilities
Identify solutions addressing critical water and food securitychallenges to enhance climate resilience of communities
Build knowledge and capacities to enhance water security andclimate resilience
Integrate 'no regret' water security and climate resiliencestrategies into development plans
Outcomes
Climate Resilient Strategies Developed
and Adopted
Enhanced capacity to integrate water
security & climate resilience in
development planning
Integration of water security & climate
resilience in development planning
Bundelkhand – Semi Arid region of India
❖ Communities are highly vulnerable to climate change, due to
▪ Climate related stress (Exposure)
▪ decreasing trend in seasonal rainfall while warming trendin surface temperatures in spring and summer
▪ not be much change in seasonal monsoon rainfall,however the rainfall may increase by 5-10% towards2050s and upto 20% towards 2080s with respect tobaseline
▪ annual average surface temperatures are projected to riseby 1-2oc, upto 3o C and upto 5o C towards 2020s, 2050sand 2080s respectively
▪ number of rainy days may decrease , but may be moreintense in future
Source: IITM
▪ Low social capital affecting adaptive capacity – poor access toreliable information, low capacity of regional institutions, lowdegree to collective action, low literacy
▪ Degeneration of NR base and livelihood insecurity – lowagricultural productivity and stagnant industrial growth
Datia: The Geographical Focus• Eight villages in Datia district of Madhya Pradesh.• The district lies in semi-arid region of Bundelkhand
APPROACH/process
•Convergence with schemes/resources•Responsive plans•Monitoring & Evaluation
•Partnership development•Assessment of schemes/plans
•Strengthening networks•Awareness & Sensitization
•Capacity Building for climate adaptive
planning
• Vulnerability Assessments•Adaptation
Strategies•Decision support
tools
Set-up & Mechanisms for Effective
Delivery
Mechanisms for
Influencing Development
Planning
Capacity Building for
Climate Compatible
Development
Integrating Climate
Change in Development
Planning
Set-up and Mechanisms for Effective Delivery
❑ Partnership Development (PWG-Climate Adaptive Core Groups, PAG-scientists, DPC, CEO, DM, District line departments, State Planning Commission)
❑ Assessment of schemes/plans (Village plans, district plans, Gram Sabha)
❑ Strengthening networks (Bundelkhand Knowledge Platform)
❑ Awareness & Sensitization (Gram Sabha, farmer’s trainings, exposure visits)
Mechanisms for Influencing Development Planning
❑ Vulnerability Assessments (participatory & analytical- LVI, FGDs)
❑ Adaptation Strategies (Scientific exchange workshop, BKP)
❑ Decision Support Tools (Capacity building modules for PRIs, Adaptation Guide)
Vulnerabilities – District Level
Exposure
• Temperature Variability, RainfallVariability, Rural to Urban Ratio, SexRatio, Below poverty level population
Sensitivity
% of forest cover, GroundwaterAvailability, Area of waste land,Irrigation Intensity, Cropping Intensity,Fertilizer Usage, Livestock populationper hectare net area sown, Number ofpeople dependent on Agriculture,Number of small scale farmers
Adaptive Capacity
• Literacy Rate, Number of health carecenters, Number of villages withaccess to drinking water, Number ofhand pumps, Number of Agriculturalmachinery
Exposure
•Relatively deficit rainfall (quantity of rainfall received & no. of rainy days)• High incidence of natural calamities (drought, flood, hail)•The onset of rainfall considerably later than in the other district (Source: Datia Resource Atlas)
•Future projections- Average surface daily maximum temperature to rise by 1.8º to 2.0ºC shootingup to 3ºC and even up to 5ºC towards 2020s, 2050s and 2080s respectively- Monsoon expected to shift by one month (from July to August) (Source: IITM, Pune)
Sensitivity Assessment
➢ Semi-arid geography (776 mm rainfall per year, average) Source: Datia Resource Atlas
➢ High run off rate
➢ Declining trend in groundwater table i.e. 0.221-0.839 and 0.379-0.959 m/year during pre–monsoon and post (1995-2005) Source: Datia Groundwater Info, Ministry of Water Resources
➢ High dependency on ground water (70% irrigation)
➢ Decline in soil fertility
➢ Low forest cover (5.83% of land area) Source: State of Forest Report, 2011
Ecological
Sensitivity Assessment
Agriculture
➢ Large numbers of small and marginal farmers
➢ Low irrigational capacity (45% of net sown area is irrigated with poor and erratic supplies)
➢ Small land holding size (average .46 hectares) Source: Statistical Handbook, 2010
➢ Low & weather dependent agricultureo e.g. Decrease in wheat production (266 thousand metric tons in 2006-07 to
only 29.08 thousand metric tons in 2009-10) Source: Statistical Handbook,
➢ Increasing agricultural (monetary) inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides ▪ Input > Output
Institutional
➢ Unavailability of seeds, fertilizers and pesticides on time
➢ Lack of skilled man power
Adaptive Capacity Assessment
Financial
• Lack of alternative livelihoods
• Poor access to credit (crop loans, Kisaan Credit Cards)
• Poor access to crop insurance
Information
• Low awareness/access to schemes, new technologies/practices
• Inadequate technical service support (new technologies, agro-meteorological, information centers)
• Weak market linkages
Socio Economic
• Low male-female ratio 872 females per thousand males
• Low literacy rate (59.39%)
• Low urbanization ratio (20.7%)
Stakeholders Engagement
Participatory planning process
2) Capacity Building of stakeholders
Capacity Building for Climate Adaptive Planning
Integrating Climate Change Concerns in Planning Processes
• Convergence with schemes/resources (Identification of entry points, Village plan development- livelihoods mapping exercises, adaptive plans with focus on water, biodiversity, soil, agriculture)
• Responsive plans (Linking vulnerabilities-adaptation-schemes/plans approach)
Way Forward
❑ Climate Adaptive Plans of Datia District developed inconsultation with stakeholders and validated by linedepartments - uptake at DPC level
❑ Adaptation Guide for climate adaptive planning – to beintegrated in District Planning Guidelines for capacity building
❑ Launch of Vulnerability assessment report and adaptation guideby DPC
Uptake and Impact
Potential mechanisms for delivery
❑ Bundelkhand Package➢ credit
➢ watershed management
➢ water resources
➢ agriculture
➢ animal husbandry
➢ horticulture
➢ enhancing forest regeneration
❑ Madhya Pradesh Rural Livelihood Program (MPRLP)➢ strengthening the Gram Sabah
➢ improving livelihoods;
➢ social protection;
➢ gender and equity
➢ informing policy
MGNREGS
❑ Bundelkhand Knowledge Platform (Civil Society-support required)
➢ forum for exchanging ideas and experiences leading to sustainability
o agriculture
o livestock
o energy
o water security
➢ advocating appropriate development strategies and policies
❑ Right balance of top-up and bottom- up approach in the planning process shouldbe maintained, facilitated by:
➢ Connect (with the communities directly facing the brunt of climate change)➢ Communicate (to inform the decision makers about the need of climate smart
planning)➢ Collaborate (between the departments for convergence and thus
implementation of adaptation measures)
❑ Simplified and relevant data/information to decision makers to enable robustadaptation options
❑ Develop a more robust system to ensure that meteorological information usefulfor adaptation is reaching grassroots in a timely and cost effective manner
❑ Capacities of village panchayats and local level authorities in understandingcomplexities related to climate change need to be built
❑ Increasing the institutional capacities of local government on long term climateadaptive planning (District Planning Committees - DPC, Panchayati Raj Institutions -PRIs)
Lessons Learned
THANK YOU
National Institute of Disaster ManagementNational Institute of Disaster Management
New DelhiNew Delhi
HAZARD ?
DISASTER ?
HAZARDHAZARD
“Hazards“Hazards areare defineddefined asas physicalphysicalphenomenaphenomena thatthat posepose aa threatthreat toto thethepeople,people, structuresstructures oror economiceconomic assetsassetsandand whichwhich maymay causecause aa disasterdisaster..””
Earthquake,Earthquake, floods,floods, tsunamitsunami etcetc areare allallhazardshazards andand wewe cancan preventprevent themthem fromfrombecomingbecoming disastersdisasters
Disaster Management Act,2005 Disaster Management Act,2005
DisasterDisaster meansmeans aa catastrophe,catastrophe, mishap,mishap,calamitycalamity oror aa gravegrave occurrenceoccurrence inin anyany areaareaarisingarising outout ofof naturalnatural oror manman mademade causescauses,,oror byby accidentaccident oror negligence,negligence, whichwhich resultsresultsinin substantialsubstantial lossloss ofof lifelife andand humanhumansufferingsuffering oror damagedamage to,to, oror destructiondestruction ofof ,or,ordegradationdegradation ofof environment,environment, andand isis ofof suchsuchaa nature,nature, oror magnitudemagnitude asas toto bebe beyond,beyond, thethecopingcoping capacitycapacity ofof thethe affectedaffected communitycommunityofof thethe affectedaffected areaarea..
DISASTER MANAGEMENTDISASTER MANAGEMENT
AA collectivecollective termterm encompassingencompassing allallaspectsaspects ofof planningplanning andand respondingrespondingtoto disasters,disasters, includingincluding bothboth prepre andandpostpost disasterdisaster activitiesactivities.. ItIt maymay refersreferstoto thethe managementmanagement ofof bothboth thethe risksrisksandand consequencesconsequences ofof disastersdisasters..
VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY
ConditionsConditions determineddetermined byby physical,physical, social,social,economiceconomic andand environmentalenvironmental factorsfactors ororprocessesprocesses whichwhich increaseincrease thethe susceptibilitysusceptibilityofof thethe communitycommunity toto thethe hazardhazard..
12/07/201812/07/2018 1717
HAZARDHAZARD
12/07/201812/07/2018 1818
VULNERABILITY VULNERABILITY
RelationshipRelationship
hazard x vulnerability= disasterhazard x vulnerability= disaster
HAZARD x vulnerability= disasterHAZARD x vulnerability= disaster
hazard x VULNERABILITY= disasterhazard x VULNERABILITY= disaster
HAZARD x VULNERABILITY= DISASTERHAZARD x VULNERABILITY= DISASTER
CapacityCapacity
Capacity is the resources of individuals,households and communities to cope witha threat or resist the impact of a hazard.
Fire stations, developed health infrastructure, institutionalapproach, local knowledge, good level of preparedness willall prevent hazards from becoming disasters.
Capacity =1/Vulnerability
Hazard x Vulnerability / Capacity = Risk
Physical phenomena that pose a threat to the people
XConditions promoting the hazard
-Available and potential resources
=
Risk (Probability of disaster occurrence)
DISASTERDISASTER
Relief
Search and Rescue
Rehabilitation
Mitigation
Preparedness
MOCK DRILL
DCH EXERCISESDCH EXERCISES
PreparednessPreparedness•• ToTo minimizeminimize thethe adverseadverse effectseffects ofof aa hazardhazardthroughthrough effectiveeffective precautionaryprecautionary actionsactions andand totoensureensure timely,timely, appropriateappropriate andand efficientefficientorganizationorganization andand deliverydelivery ofof emergencyemergencyresponseresponse followingfollowing thethe impactimpact ofof disasterdisaster..
•• ParticipationParticipation isis essentialessential atat allall stagesstages
For e.g. FloodsFor e.g. FloodsBuilding shelters, Sand bags deposits, Embankments made, Water storage for drinking Building shelters, Sand bags deposits, Embankments made, Water storage for drinking water, Settingwater, Setting of Control Room, Repairing of Flood Machinery items, Identification of NGO’s,Arrangements of Kitchen items, Storage of drinking wate,Flood Preparedness meeting etc
Paradigm ShiftParadigm Shift
Relief and ResponsePreparedness and
Mitigation
•• PrimaryPrimary responsibilityresponsibility ofof thethe StateStateGovernmentGovernment
•• CentralCentral GovernmentGovernment supplementssupplements thetheeffortsefforts ofof StateState GovernmentGovernment bybyprovidingproviding financialfinancial andand logisticlogistic supportsupportinin casecase ofof aa majormajor calamitycalamity..
•• SupplementarySupplementary supportsupport byby centrecentreDeploymentDeployment ofof aircraftsaircrafts andand boats,boats, SpecialistSpecialist responseresponse teamsteams ofof ArmedArmed ForcesForces andandCPMFs,CPMFs, ArrangementsArrangements forfor reliefrelief materials,materials, RestorationRestoration ofof criticalcritical infrastructureinfrastructurefacilitiesfacilities includingincluding communicationcommunication networknetwork andand suchsuch otherother assistanceassistance asas maymay beberequiredrequired byby thethe StateState GovernmentGovernment..
Commitment of ResourcesCommitment of Resources•• StateState DisasterDisaster ResponseResponse FundFund:: CorpusCorpus ofof USUS$$55 billionbillion
duringduring 20052005--1010 allocatedallocated toto StatesStates asas perper normsnorms ofof FinanceFinanceCommissionCommission toto meetmeet regularregular expensesexpenses onon disasterdisaster reliefrelief andandrehabilitationrehabilitation.. SectionSection 4646 ofof DMDM actact
•• 7575%% contributedcontributed byby thethe centrecentre andand 2525%% byby thethe statesstates
•• NationalNational DisasterDisaster ResponseResponse FundFund :: USUS$$ 11 billionbillionannuallyannually byby CentreCentre ifif CRFCRF notnot adequateadequate toto meetmeet expensesexpenses..SectionSection 4848 ((11)) (a)(a)
• Special Assistance:: CentralCentral governmentgovernment providesprovides specialspecialassistanceassistance forfor reconstructionreconstruction ofof infrastructureinfrastructure damageddamaged bybydisastersdisasters inin specificspecific circumstancescircumstances throughthrough WorldWorld Bank,Bank, ADBADBetcetc
Some Initiatives …..Some Initiatives …..
•• National Disaster Management Act,2005National Disaster Management Act,2005
•• National Disaster Management Policy,2009National Disaster Management Policy,2009
•• National Disaster Response ForceNational Disaster Response Force
•• National Disaster Management Authority National Disaster Management Authority
RelationshipRelationship betweenbetween DisastersDisasters andandDevelopmentDevelopment
NEGATIVE
REALM
Development canreduce vulnerability
Disaster can provide development opportunities
Developmentcan increasevulnerability
Disaster can be a set back to development
POSITVE
REALM
DISASTER REALM
Focus areasFocus areas
•• ManagementManagement ofof disastersdisasters hashas toto becomebecome aa wayway ofoflifelife forfor thethe communitycommunity
•• CommunityCommunity participationparticipation
•• InculcatingInculcating aa cultureculture ofof mitigationmitigation andandpreparednesspreparedness
•• DMDM isis aa developmentdevelopment andand governancegovernance issueissue
•• UsingUsing disastersdisasters asas aa windowwindow ofof opportunityopportunity totobuildbuild backback betterbetter
Reduce Risk ……Choice is Reduce Risk ……Choice is YoursYours
INVEST BEFORE PAY AFTER
We have a choice1.Invest in risk reduction now, before a disaster strikes
2.Wait and pay the high costs of recovery and reconstructionafter the disaster strikes
1
DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE
2
NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE
NDRF
❖ Statutory provisions inDM Act- StandaloneForce for specializedresponse to disasters.
❖ NDRF was constitutedin 2006 with 08 Bns (02Bn each from BSF, CRPF,ITBP and CISF).
3
NDRF
❖ In 2010-11, 2 more Bnswere raised (one eachfrom BSF & CRPF).
❖ Two more Bns ofSSB raised in 2015.
❖ All the 12 Bns are trainedand equipped for allnatural disasters andCBRN emergencies.
4
NDRF-UNIQUE FEATURES
❖ Single Largest DedicatedDisaster Response Force inthe World
❖ Multi-disciplinary, multi-skilled, high-tech,specialist Force, capable ofresponding to any naturalor manmade disasters.
❖ Trained & equipped as perinternational standards. 5
❖NDRF Bn are locatedat 12 differentplaces in the countrybased onvulnerability profile.
❖NDRF teams areplaced at 23 metros/inaccessible regionsin the country.
NDRF-UNIQUE FEATURES contd..
6
04 BN
ARAKONNAM
10 BN
GUNTUR
03 BN
MUNDALI
02 BN
KOLKATA
09 BN
PATNA
01 BN
GUWAHATI
12 BN
ITANAGAR
05 BN
PUNE
06 BN
VADODARA
07 BN
BATHINDA
08 BN
GHAZIABAD
11 BN
VARANASI
01 Bn NDRF
02 Bn NDRF
03 Bn NDRF
04 Bn NDRF
05 Bn NDRF
06 Bn NDRF
07 Bn NDRF
08 Bn NDRF
09 Bn NDRF
10 Bn NDRF
11 Bn NDRF
12 Bn NDRF
LOCATIONS OF NDRF BNS
NDRF
ACADEMY
NAGPUR
NDRF
ACADEMY7
ROLE AND MANDATE OF NDRF
❖Specialized response during disasters
❖Proactive deployment for impending disasters
❖Continually upgrade own training and skills
❖Impart Trg to SDRF, Police, CD & Home Guards
❖Community capacity building & awareness
❖Liaison, Recce, Rehearsals & Mock Drills
8
COMPOSITION OF NDRF BN
❖Authorized strength of one Bn- 1149 personnel
❖Each battalion have 18 self-contained specialistsearch and rescue teams
❖06 CBRN teams (2 companies) in each Bn
❖One team consists of 47 personnel led by anInspector
❖Team includes rescuers, engineers, technicians,electricians, dog squads and paramedics
9
COMPONENTS OF SAR TEAM
Team consists of 05 components
10
❖Search
-Technical & canine search.
❖Rescue
❖Medical
❖Logistics
-Telecom, Technician, Adm support.
❖Management
CAPABILITIES OF NDRF
❖ TRAINING
➢ Specialised Training in accordance with the INSARAG Methodology
13
❖ EQUIPMENT
➢ Advanced equipment as per International Standard
CSSR TRAINING
14
MFR TRAINING
15
CBRN TRAINING
16
17
AQUATIC DISASTERRESPONSE TRAINING
DEEP DIVING TRAINING
18
HELI SLITHERING TRAINING
19
EQUIPMENT
❖CSSR EQUIPMENT
➢Cutting, lifting, shoring machines,search dogs, search cameras, live victimdetectors, PPE etc.
❖MFR EQUIPMENT
➢ Complete First Aid Kit and emergencymedicines , PPE
❖MOUNTAIN RESCUE EQUIPMENT
➢ Climbing Rope, Ascenders, PowerAscenders, Carabiners etc. 20
EQUIPMENT
❖CBRN RESONSE EQUIPMENT
➢Detectors, survey meters, NBC Suits, Decontamination set up etc.
❖FLOOD RESCUE EQUIPMENT
➢Boats, OBM, Life Jackets, Deep diving sets etc.
❖COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENTS
➢HF, VHF, Satellite Phone, QDA etc.21
OPERATIONS BY NDRF
22
OPERATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS
23
➢Deployed in over 2000 disaster responseoperations so far.
➢Rescued more than 1,20,000 and Evacuatedover 6,00,000 disaster victims and retrievedmore than 3242 dead bodies.
VISHNU GARDEN BUILDING COLLAPSE
24
MEERUT BUILDING COLLAPSE
25
KEDARNATH FLASH FLOODS-2013
26
FLOODS IN J&K
27
FLOODS IN CHENNAI
28
CYCLONE “HUD-HUD”- 2014
29
30
RADIOLOGICAL INCIDENT IN MAYAPURI
31
KANPUR TRAIN ACCIDENT-2016
NEPAL EARTHQUAKE
32
NEPAL EARTHQUAKE
33
FAMEX ACTIVITIES
34
SCHOOL SAFETY
35
TRAINING TO SDRF PERSONNEL 36
IMPARTING TRAINING
PROCEDURE FOR REQUISITIONING NDRF TEAMS
❖ In case of sudden disaster/emergencyrequisition for NDRF teams can directly besent to respective Battalion or HQ NDRF.
❖If early warning of impending disaster isreceived requisition for NDRF teams be placedthrough HQ NDRF/MHA.
37
DEPLOYMENT OF NDRF TEAMS
❖ Deploy NDRF team reasonably as per
capability.
❖ NDRF Team not to be split in sub teams.
❖ Relieve NDRF team immediately after
completion of Operation.
38
SUPPORT FROM DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION
❖ Space for Camping /Stay
❖ Basic facilities like drinking water, toilets and
electricity if possible
❖ Liaison Officer or Guides
❖ Diesel, Petrol, Kerosene, Lubricants, LPG
❖ Police reps for Law & Order
39CRISIS MANAGEMENT PLAN-2016
BASICS OF
SEARCH & RESCUE
DISATERS
• Earthquake
• Building Collapse
• Land Slide
• Avalanche
• CBRN Emergency
• Fire
• Floods
• Aquatic Disaster
• Cyclone
• Tsunami
• Storms
• Cloud burst
EFFECTS OF DISATERS
EFFECTS OF DISATERS
• Loss of human life
• Injuries
• Loss of Property
• Loss of live stock
• Disruption to normal life
• Homeless
• Loss of revenue
• Epidemics or diseases
• Disrupted Education
• Prolonged psychological effects
WHO DOES RESCUE?
• Self
• Family Member/colleagues
• Neighbors
• Volunteers
• Police
• Trained persons
• Specialized Response Agencies
WHO DOES THE RESCUE?
SURVIVAL RATE
7.4
36.7
8191
19
33.7
0102030405060708090
100
0.5 24 48 72 96 120
Surv
ival
Rat
e (%
)
Time Elapsed (Hours)
WHAT SHOULD WE KNOW?
• How to get prepared?– Dos and don’ts
• How to react on happening?
• How to manage?
• How to help others?
• How to notify agencies for help?
• How to assist rescue teams?
HOW TO GET PREPARED?
• Sensitisation
• Recognise the hazards
• Training
• Planning
• Practice
HOW TO REACT?
• Be calm
• Make others calm
• Analyse the situation
• Recognise the hazards
• Plan
• Act
HOW TO MANAGE?
• Look for all family members/colleagues.
• Use of training
• Safe routes and safe places
• Survival kit
• Utilities
• Special care of children and old
• Valuables
HOW TO HELP?
• Rescue surface victims
• Locate the victims
• Mark the victim
• Extricating the victim
• First Medical Aid
• Emotional Support
• Arrange transportation
• Guide others
HOW TO NOTIFY?
• Contact list of Assisting agencies
• Contacts of relatives/friends
• Leave message if required
• Get informed
HOW TO ASSIST RESCUE?
• Provide reliable information
• Brief the rescue team about the situation
• Co-ordination between locals and rescue teams
• Create a positive atmosphere
• Local customs
• Help in administrative requirements
• Assist in any way as per capability
RURAL & URBAN RESCUE
RURAL
• More Social bonding
• Neighbor helps
• Less attention to rural area
• Less facilities
• Community needs
• Less infrastructure and connectivity
URBAN• My kid my worry• Physical and Financial
resources• Heavy equipment• Quick response of
specialized agencies• Individual needs• Good infrastructure
and connectivity
PREPAREDNESS-earthquake
• Recognise the hazards of the area.
• Earthquake resistant buildings
• Structural and non structural safety
• Training- evacuation first aid
• Survival Kit
• Know Safe places inside and outside
• Contact list of important persons
SURVIVAL KIT
• Bottled drinking water
• Nonperishable food
• First-Aid Kit
• Medications
• Torchlight
• Battery-operated Radio with extra batteries
• ID & Address Proof & Other Imp documents
• Warm clothes
• Keys
DURING EARTHQUAKE
• Be calm
• Protect your head
• Drop-Cover Hold
• Analyse the situation
• Make a plan
• Evacuate through safe routes
• Take Survival Kit
• Help Others
• Move to Shelters
IF TRAPPED
• Be calm
• Cover your nose and mouth
• Don’t make extra efforts
• Don’t disturb the rubble much
• Don’t use lighter or match
• Blow whistle
• Keep will and hope
AFTER EARTHQUAKE
• Beware of After shocks
• Check gas or electricity
• Listen radio
• Help others
• Assist rescue agencies
• Don’t move inside your house uninspected by specialist
TECHNIQUES OF SEARCH AND
RESCUE
HASTY SEARCH
Conducted to quickly detect the
presence of survivors on the surface or
easily accessible void spaces. Hasty search
accomplishes the following :
❑ Rapid Detection of Victims
❑ Scene Assessment
❑ Sets Priorities
EXTENSIVE SEARCH
Extensive (Grid) search (Secondary):
conducted in a methodical manner to pinpoint
the exact location of victims. It is designed to
cover the entire assigned search area carefully
and in detail. An extensive or grid accomplishes
the following :
❑ Thorough Systematic Search
❑ Redundant Check
❑ Allows for use of Alternate Search
Resources
❑ Physical search
❑ Canine search
❑ Technical search
✓ Visual search Instruments
✓ Electronic Listening Devices
SEARCH METHODS
❑ Mostly used by local emergency service.
❑ Does not require specialist/expensive
equipment.
❑ Only require human senses.
❑ Usually performed immediately after an
incident, and may be done by locals.
PHYSICAL SEARCH
❑ Physical search pattern
✓ Multiple rooms
✓ Large open area (Line search)
✓ Perimeter search
HAILING METHOD
❑ Vocal announcement aired from all
direction and observe the reaction of
victims.
“We are rescuers –
make some noise
so we can hear
you!!”
Silence is essential
12 o'clock(North)
6 o'clock
4 m 4 m4 m
❑ Used in auditoriums,
cafeterias, and offices
with multiple partitions.
❑ Spread searchers in a
straight line across the
open area, 3-4 meters
apart.
❑ Slowly walk through
entire open area to other
side.
LINE SEARCH
“Go right, stay right.”
MULTIPLE ROOM SEARCH
VOID SEARCH
Rescuers physically check thoroughly
all the void spaces, where probability of
trapped victims.
CANINE SEARCH
❑ Play a critical role during
CSSR
❑ Locate survivors using
their incredible sense of
smell.
❑ Can be used for hasty and
extensive operations.
❑ A thorough search with
two well qualified search
dogs has a high probability
of conclusive results.
TECHNICAL SEARCH
❑ Requires highly trained personnel and
specialised equipment
❑ Can be carried out using specially
improvised equipment.
❑ Whenever possible, dogs and electronic
devices should be utilised together
❑ Technical search equipment classified into
two group:
✓ Visual search equipments
✓ Electronic listening devices
❑ Visual Search Instruments
✓ Video Devices
✓ Optical Instruments
✓ Rescue Radars
✓ Through Wall Detector
❑ Electronic Listening Devices
✓ Detect Acoustic Sounds
✓ Detect Seismic Sounds
LIFE DETECTOR( LD-1)
❑ Help to detect
vibration,
movement in smoke
& dust in collapse
building
❑ It has two
communicated ways
system
LIFE DETECTOR (LD-2)
❑ The life guard works
by passively detecting
the ultra low
frequency (ULF).
❑ Detect the human
heart and dielectric
material
❑ Finds only live victims.
VICTIM LOCATION SYSTEM/SEARCH
CAMERA
❑ Used for locate and rescue the victim
trapped under debris during natural
calamities or in mine collapse or confined
space disasters.
STEPS
1. Compile and analyse information.
2. Secure the scene
3. Inspect and evaluate the structure
4. Create a diagram
5. Rescue surface victims.
More….
STEPS
6. Select search area
7. Select search method
8. Conduct search
9. Victim markings on structure
RESCUE
COLLAPSED STRUCTURE
RESCUE❑ Search❑ Victim Marking❑ Make easiest approach to
the victim❑ Remove rubble❑ Shoring if required❑ Lifting and moving
heavy rubble❑ Cutting and
penetration-use of equipment
❑ .
❑ Approach to the trapped victim
❑ Provide First aid❑ Safe Extrication of the
Victim❑ Transport the victim to
the hospital/ handover
Shoring
Moving Heavy Rubble
Making approach with
use of equipment
Approachto thevictim
Providing First Aid
Extrication
HIGH RISE RESCUE
❑ High Rise/Rope rescue
refers to any rescue
where a rope is
required to safely
move the subject, the
rescuer, or both.
❑ Where the slope is
over a certain angle,
on vertical terrain, or
in areas where a slip
or fall will have drastic
consequences.C
FLOOD SEARCH TECHNIQUES
❑ Line Search
❑ Single Rescuer Search
❑ Fan method Search
❑ Deep Diving Search
❑ Technical Search
✓ Use of Under Water Cameras
Line Search
Deep Diving
❑ Swift water is any moving water that has the
possibility of knocking someone off their feet.
❑ Due to the added pressure of moving water, swift
water rescue involves the use of specially trained
personnel, ropes and mechanical
advantage systems
Usage of a throw bag in a swift water rescue
SWIFT WATER RESCUE
FLAT WATER/MARINE RESCUE
❑ Non-moving water including lakes and ponds,
or very slow moving water including flood or
tidal waters.
❑ Specialize equipment for marine response
Rigid Inflatable Boats(RIBs), jet skis,
Aluminium Rescue Boats and Hovercraft.
AQUATIC DISASTER RESCUE TECHNIQUES
• Contact Rescue or Wet Rescue
• Non-Contact Rescue or Dry Rescue
CONTACT RESCUE TECHNIQUES
❑Deep diving Rescue
❑Water Surface Rescue▪Chin Tow Method
▪Head Tow Method
▪Arm pit tow Method
▪Double Arm Tow Method
Deep Diving
Chin Tow Method
Head Tow Method
Double Arm Tow Method
NON CONTACT RESCUE TECHNIQUES
• Reach Method• Try to reach drowning person with
Stick or hand)
• Throw Method• Throw rope or Buoy to the
drowning
Rope trhrow
Rev. Oct. 2002 Search and Location Techniques TR 6-107
Throw Method
NDRF In Action - Uttarakhand Cloud
Burst-2013
Thanks
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
TEAMS (DMT)
www.nidm.gov.in
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Disaster Management Committees (DMCs)Set DMCs in villages
Functions
Take village level decisions, Coordinate activities of DMCs’,
Maintain account and inventory of CBDP materials, Ensure
continuous monitoring of preparedness
Roles/Responsibilities
• Effective coordination with DMTs
• Details of rescue material -their periodic checking, maintenance and
replacement
• Register of usage of shelters, details of persons/groups using
infrastructure
• Register of CBDP activities, training and drills
• Account books of Village Contingency Funds.
Constitution
BDO or representative (1)
Government Engineer (1)
Member - Panchayti Raj Institution (1)
Member- Institution/NGO (1)
Gram Mukhya/ Village Head (1)
Mahila Mandal (1 or more)
Youth representatives like NYKS,NCC,NSS (1 or more)
Self Help Group (1or more)
Other groups (1or more)
School committee member ( 1or more)
Village members (2 or more)
DMT member (1)
Roles & Responsibilities of VDMC
The President would be responsible for overall management
Developing the Village Disaster Mitigation Plan
Maintaining peace during operations
Maintaining all accounts of the committee
Keeping contact with Block Administration and other related agencies
Assisting the various team members in performing their responsibilities
Trying to wipe out bottlenecks/ lacunas in the contingency plan.
Check the household preparedness
Keep some temporary shelter materials
VDMC would have link with GP and Block
VDMC would ensure the effective functioning of the all DMTs
VDMC would have linkages with local PHC and VDMC would have linkages with local PHC and medicine supply
VDMC should ensure necessary preparations by respective DMTs
Keep some dry food, either collect from each house hold or purchase from the market
Keep all vulnerable groups confident
Disaster Management Teams (DMTs)
Warning
Evacuation and Response
First aid
Sanitation
Shelter management
Relief Management
Carcass disposal
Counseling
Damage Assessment
Reconstruction and Rehabilitation
WARNING TEAM
Monitoring- weather forecasts through wireless, radio bulletins and television without fail.
Transport and Communication aids to pass warnings to entire village. Hence, cycles, motorbikes, carts, boats other transport and megaphones, drums, communication aids should be inspected before each season.
Update contact details of local office and ensure working of telephonic lines.
Every group should have a radio and a red flag to mark the more vulnerable houses.
Shelters and safe houses- identified/ checked by engineers and repairs made.
Necessary Essentials for at least one week are stocked in sufficient quantities.
Health and sanitation facilities are usable and properly placed.
Stockpile precooked/ dry food during the period evacuees might have to stay in the shelter.
SHELTER TEAM
Keep information of more vulnerable group. Update
information every year
Identify safe routes to reach the vulnerable population and
plan their evacuation
Keeping transportation ready for use to evacuate people
Informing officials for road repair and get it done
Prepare a “RESCUE KIT”
Keep tools handy- cutting saw, blades, crowbar, hammer, nails
Identify highlands for evacuating cattle and livestock with
enough fodder for about a week
Carry out a mock drill for evacuation to get a fair idea
EVACUATION AND RESPONSE TEAM
Maintaining list of vulnerable groups and ensure their
medical needs.
Keeping a “FIRST AID BOX” well in advance.
Distributing basic medicines like chlorine tablets, ORS
packets etc and demonstrating their use, to families in
advance.
Keeping stretchers ready to bring injured people.
FIRST AID TEAM
Stocking bleaching powder from Public Health Centers etc.
Procuring water testing kits
Stocking kerosene and fuel wood to dispose of carcasses.
Ensuring water sources in the village are protected from
flood waters.
Stocking sufficient lime powder bags for purification of
bigger water bodies.
Collecting temporary mobile lavatories/ other essential
sanitation requirements
Ensuring cleaning of drains and its maintenance.
SANITATION TEAM
Mobilizing stocks for shelters in advance.
Stocking temporary building material.
Stocking food and medicine for animals.
Interacting with other teams and assisting in getting their supplies.
Deciding on the quantity of relief material to be allocated to each shelter according to the number of families the shelter caters to.
RELIEF TEAM
Maintaining stores of fuel wood, kerosene and
sackcloth to cover dead bodies.
Identifying elevated areas to serve as cremation
grounds.
CARCASS DISPOSAL TEAM
Mapping of the more vulnerable groups like women,
children, aged, people with critical disabilities etc.
Generate awareness on general psychosocial wellbeing
of the community.
PSYCHO-SOCIAL COUNSELLING TEAM
Help in forecasting damages including lives lost and
losses to property and assets like houses, livestock,
agriculture,plantations,fishing boats etc.
Sensitizing the families of the village to keep their
paperwork intact and keep it in their emergency kit.
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT TEAM
Get the water sources in the village purified.
Making a list highlighting the various support facilities
necessary to restart the economic activities
Preparing a reconstruction and rehabilitation plan for
the vulnerable community
RECONSTRUCTION &
REHABILITATION TEAM
Select evacuation route that minimize exposure to hazard/ other obstacles.
Evacuation route should lead to a safe area for assembly of people.
Also identify/ map alternative routes and highlight to aware the community.
Route should be direct.
Evacuation route should be easily accessible to even the more vulnerable group.
DMT members to assemble at start of safe evacuation routes to assist vulnerable group.
Other members of DMT’s can guide the rest of the community to such safe routes
A sign board highlighting the safe evacuation routes should be put.
Share evacuation routes plans with communities at risk at public meetings, practice evacuation regularly through drills.
The evacuation routes should be reviewed and monitored regularly.
IDENTIFYING SAFE EVACUATION
ROUTES…..
Build Training of DMTs’ on:
(a) How to write minutes of any meeting
(b) How to follow up the minutes of previous meetings
(c) Basic accounting and logistic skills
(d) Development of leadership qualities and facilitating
community to reach on consensus
-Technique for the Preparation of Water Purifying Packets
-Preparation of life Jackets with 1.5 liters plastic bottles
-Sketches of ways of reinforcing walls and roofs of thatched
houses
SKILL TRAINING
Testing the workability of any
plan.
Ensures better coordinated
response
Prepare responding agencies to
carry out a capacity/resource
assessment.
MOCK DRILLS
DE-BRIEFING(i) Which parts went as planned
(ii) Which parts went wrong
(ii) What modifications are required?
HAZARD VULNERABILITY,
CAPACITY AND RISK ANALYSIS
National Institute of Disaster Managementwww.nidm.gov.in
EXAMPLE• Flood in Bihar– Hazard • Primary Cause – Heavy Rainfall• Vulnerability Factors
– Geographic (heavy rainfall)– Social (lack of awareness and loss literacy
level)– Economic ( > 50% of the population below
Poverty line)– Physical (Kuccha Houses)– Environment (Deforestation in upper
catchment area)
EXPOSURE
• The state of having no protection from something harmful
Why HRVC ??
• Negative impacts is the concern of most people
• Hazards, risks, and probabilities is an importantcomponent of vulnerability
• In order to make efficient use of your mitigationresources, it is not enough to know if, when, oreven where a hazard event will strike.
• You need to know where your vulnerabilities andRisk so you can make the most of your pre-disaster planning efforts.
Tools –Techniques and Methodology
• Scientific
• Participatory
• Both
Key pointers• It is important that School prepare ‘All hazard
disaster management plan’• The DM Plan should essentially be built through
conduct of risk assessment • Risk assessment take into considerations (regional
setting and local context) – hazard assessment, vulnerability assessment, (identify area of weaknesses) – capacity assessment,
• Undertake actions for treatment of risk i.e focus on priority intervention (prevention / mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery)
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
Step 1b: Establish relative priorities for your hazards.
(Frequency + Area Impact) x Potential Damage Magnitude = Total Score
• visual representation • rough spatial overview• sketches of the area, specific locations
vulnerable to various hazards • hit by disasters in the past • share experiences on large sheets•
HAZARD MAPPING
Hazard Mapping…
Step 2: Hazard Mapping
Historic Profile• Tool used to gather information about
past • helps get insight in past hazards• Helps find changes in the nature,
intensity, behaviour• helps understand the present situation• establish link between hazards and
vulnerabilities • Story telling - identify capacity gaps
Seasonal Calendar
• making a calendar showing different events
• time of occurrence of hazards throughout the annual cycle
• identify the periods of stress
• prepare for specific stress in normal times
Seasonal Hazard Analysis
Type of HazardsJan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug •Sep •Oct •Nov •Dec
FLOOD
EARTHQUAKE
LANDSLIDE
DROUGHT
STORM
FIRE ACCIDENT
River Erosion
Industrial Hazard
Bomb blast
Road Accident
Tools for Vulnerability Analysis
Transect Walk• taking a systematic walk with key
informants –study area
• explore spatial differences
• Explore land use zones
• by observing, asking, listening, informal interviews
• Make rough sketch of existing weaknesses
• Looking into exposure
Identify danger zones, vulnerable areas , evacuation sites, local resources used during emergency, human
activities contributing to vulnerability
Vulnerability map II
Vulnerability Map
Resource Analysis
Chapatti Diagram/Venn Diagrams: • chapattis are round ‘circles’• to find out the relationships, unions and
intersections that exist in the study area
Critical Facility Analysis
Identify critical facilities categories
• Shelters• Schools• Hospitals and Nursing Homes• Fire and Rescue• Police• Utilities• Communications• Transportation• Government Offices like DC, BDO etc..
Qualitative Analysis
[ ] LOW[ ] MODERATE[ ] HIGH
[ ] Yes[ ] No
Hazard Identification & Rating Section (Qualitative Analysis)
Hazard Name
Hazard Identification
Vulnerability Conclusion
1. Could this hazard affect school?
If “NO” go down to next hazard.If ‘YES’ complete #2 - 5
2. What is the likelihood of the event occurring at / or in the immediate vicinity of the School?
3. Could school property damage, or loss of use of school property result if this event occurred?
4. Could any person be killed or injured in this event occurred?
5. If you answered “YES” to question #3 or #4, this hazard is significant and must be addressed in your All Hazards Plan.
[ ] Yes [ ] No
[ ] Low [ ] Moderate [ ] High
[ ] Yes
[ ] No
[ ] Yes
[ ] No
[ ] Yes
[ ] No
Vulnerability Assessment of School Buildings
Vulnerability Grade
% Compliance Vulnerability
V0 91-100 Least
V1 81-90 Less
V2 71-80 Moderate
V3 61-70 High
V4 51-60 Severe
V5 Below 50 Dangerous
NOW……LET US
DO IT