trends and developments in single window unece un/cefact new delhi, 29 october 2014 1
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Trends and Developments in Single Window
UNECE UN/CEFACT
New Delhi, 29 October 2014
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In this presentation
UN/CEFACT’s Work in Single Window
Trends in Single Window
Multiple “Single Windows”
UN/CEFACT SWI Project – Rec 36
Next Steps
UNECE Recommendation 33 on Single Window
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Single Window Definition
• Single Window is a facility that allows parties involved in trade and transport to lodge standardized information and documents with a single entry point to fulfill all import, export, and transit-related regulatory requirements.
• If information is electronic, then individual data elements should only be submitted once. UN/CEFACT Recommendation and Guidelines
on establishing a Single Window, UNECE, 2005http://www.unece.org/cefact/recommendations/rec33/rec33_ecetrd352_e.pdf
Recommends Governments to establish Single Window for Cross Border Trade
Defines features: • … one time submission • ..of standardized information and documents
• sharing of information amongst government agencies;
• coordinated controls and inspections of the various governmental authorities;
• Allow payment of duties and other charges;
• Be a source of trade related government information.
Single Window UNECE Recommendation 33
UNECE’s Work for SWs UNECEPolicy
Recommend-ations
UN/CEFACT
UNECEStandardsUN/CEFACT
UNECE / UNNExT
Guidelines, Briefs, Case
Studies
Capacity B
uilding & Tech
nical assistance
Single Window Success Story
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2005: in about 20 economies
2010: in 49 economies
2013: in 71 economies
2015: in 100 economies & some regions (ASEAN)?
“ Single Windows (SWs) are important drivers for the simplification, harmonization and automation of trade procedures”
WTO Bali Agreement Article 10.4: “Members shall endeavor to establish or maintain a single window ..”
Source: WB Doing Business Report 2012/2013, UNECE-UN/CEFACT 2005/2011
After 10 years, some observations
• SWs have become a strategic national instruments to facilitate trade, enhance collaboration between trade related government agencies, and increase export competitiveness
• More common in developing economies than developed economies
• Goal of SW is not the SW itself!
• Interoperability a major challenge
More observations
• One size does not fit all- there are many different Regulatory SW models & approaches, e.g.
e-Customs, Customs-oriented Single Window Trade (and Cargo) oriented regulatory Single
Window Transport-oriented regulatory Single Window,
e.g. EU e-Maritime or Maritime SW
• And ..different models other than regulatory-oriented SWs
Port Community Systems (PCSs) eFreight eCommerce/eTrade, etc.
• Possibility of many “Single” Windows in one country Interoperability a major challenge –both within country and especially between countries
Emergence of Multiple “Single” Windows
MaritimeSW
TradeSW
e-Freight
PortCommunity
System (PCS)
e-Trade
Buyers/Importers
MarineDepartment
Ship Piloting
Vessel TrafficSafety
Ship Agents
Sellers/Exporters
Importer’sBanks Exporter’s
Banks
Port Authority
Terminal Operator
VesselOperator
FreightForwarders
HaulerOperators
Warehouses
TerminalOperators
RegulatoryAgents
Port-equipmentOperators
CustomsDepartment
Quarantine &SPS Agency
Other governmentagencies
HealthDepartment
CustomsBrokers
Traders
Freight ForwardersTraders
Haulers
Vessels Air lines
So what is a Single Window?
One question, many answers: «our e-Customs system, our e-logistics system, our Port Community System, our national electronic trade platform, our eMaritime SW, ..»
Single Window Architecture:
How do stakeholders collaborate?
How is the information exchange organized?
What are the objectives, business models, …
Three Single Window Architectures :
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Looking ahead: A Network of IOS for efficient cross-border trade
MaritimeSW
TradeSW
e-Freight
PortCommunity
System (PCS)
e-Trade
Networking of IOS in cross border trade
Buyers/Importers
MarineDepartment
Ship Piloting
Vessel TrafficSafety
Ship Agents
Sellers/Exporters
Importer’sBanks Exporter’s
Banks
Port Authority
Terminal Operator
VesselOperator
FreightForwarders
HaulerOperators
Warehouses
TerminalOperators
RegulatoryAgents
Port-equipmentOperators
CustomsDepartment
Quarantine &SPS Agency
Other governmentagencies
HealthDepartment
CustomsBrokers
Traders
Freight ForwardersTraders
Haulers
Vessels Air lines
Inter Organizational Information Systems (IOSs)
IOS: A system for collaboration and information exchange among
independent stakeholders in international trade
IOS Characteristic: focussed, limited number of stakeholders, fast implementation, dynamic, supra-national,..
Next Steps at UN/CEFACT
• UN/CEFACT is working on the development of UNECE Recommendation 36 on Single Window Interoperability – we would welcome your input on this
• This will focus on regulatory requirements (G2G)
• Currently preparing four papers on SWI:• Business Needs• Semantic Interoperability• Governance• Legal Model
Legal Framework for SWI in Rec 36
• SWI entails laws and regulatory requirements of two or more states - which may be in conflict
• Rec 36 - legal section on how to reconcile the differing legal frameworks – for SWI. Concept of ‘legal interoperability’
Legal Framework for SWI in Rec 36• Rec 36 SWI Legal Framework focuses on
regulatory aspects – e.g. declarations and other communications between and with Customs administrations and other import & export regulatory bodies.
• So SWI in Rec 36 focuses on G2G issue - regulation.
• The most difficult legal issues of SWI fall under B2G (or even B2B). Rec 36 will not address these.
Authentication - Recommendation14
• Introduction of methods (other than signature) to authenticate documents
• Creation of a legal framework that permits and gives equal status to authentication methods other than manual-ink signature
• Efforts should be made to avoid creating electronic solutions which are more cumbersome or costly than the manual process.
Next Steps for SWI
• Likely to be a workshop of SW implementers to discuss these papers in Geneva early next year – you are all welcome to participate
• This will be followed by a global SW conference on SW Interoperability in late 2015 or early 2016.
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Single Window Recommendations and Standards
UNECE TF Implementation Guide(tfig.unece.org)
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Single Windows and Supply Chains in the Next Decade:
http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trade/Publications/ECE-TRADE-402.pdf
See also UNECE SW Repository:
http://www.unece.org/cefact/single_window/welcome.html
