triple maas research @tu delft...36 seamless user-centred mobility services research topics phase a...
TRANSCRIPT
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TPM
IO
MaaS
CiTG
Seamless User-centred
Mobility Services (IDE)
Suzanne Hiemstra-Van
Mastrigt
Smart Public Transport Lab
Niels van Oort
Oded Cats
Infrastructure,
Organisation & Governance
Wijnand Veeneman
Triple MaaS Research
@TU Delft
http://smartptlab.tudelft.nl/www.tudelft.nl/io/ovbetalen
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Technology trends
Automation
Elektrification
SharificationInformation
4UITP (2019)
What is Mobility-as-a-Service?
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What is Mobility-as-a-Service?
(Karlsson 2017)
Payment integration(Bundles or pay-as-you-go)
Information integration
Modes integration
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UITP (2019)
What is Mobility-as-a-Service?
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MaaS benefits(?)
• Personalization & Optimization
• Simplified Payments
• Convenience
• Car ownership drop
• Healthier Citizens
• Reduced Congestion
• Safety
• Sustainability
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Understanding and learning
of MaaS (impacts)
Understanding -> Predicting - > Improving
Supply ánd demand perspective
Design,engineering and governance
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Overview research results and plans
• Passenger preferences– Niels van Oort
• User-centered perspective– Suzanne van Hiemstra-Mastrigt
• Performance and Operations– Oded Cats
• Governance– Wijnand Veeneman
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Passenger preferences
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End of car ownership?
Kamargianni et al. (2017) Alonso-Gonzalez et al. (2018)
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Emerging modes:
on demand transport
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Familiarity emerging modes
Arendsen (2019)
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Familiarity emerging modes
Bronsvoort et al. (2020)
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Willingness to share
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Open for flexibility
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Attitudes and
motivations
Material
Physical access
Type of material
Skills
Operational skills
Content-related skills
Wanting to use a
journey planner app,
trusting it brings
value
Having a phone with
a data plan and
compatible with the
app
Knowing how to
install the app,
knowing how and
where to find the
right information
Usage
Frequency
Type of use
Tangible outcomes
Personal, social,
economic, cultural
Making use of the
journey planner app
First-level digital
divide
Second-level digital
divide
Third-level digital
divide
Having tangible
benefits from using the
app, such as saving
travel time, having a
larger potential for
travel
Example with a
journey planner app
New research: Digital divide
Durand et al. (2019)Dutch population (>16 year)
- 2.5 million: Hard to read or write and limited digital skills
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Suzanne Hiemstra-Van Mastrigt
21Van Kuijk (2015), adapted from (IDEO, 2009)
Human Business
Society Technology
viable
feasible
desirable
responsible
Product
Service
Systems
22Foto: ANP (Robin Utrecht)
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Human Business
Society Technology
viable
feasible
desirable
responsible
Introduction
OV-chipcard
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Business
Society Technology
viable
feasible
desirable
responsible
HumanRisk of MaaS
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What is the benefit?
Individual benefits of MaaS?
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7 regional MaaS pilots
27Cheng (2017)
Mobile ticketing for
public transport
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Seoul: Mobile T-money
Virtual Travelcard
Cheng (2017)
Cheng (2017)
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Ease of use
=
Adoption
Easy access to try service (trialability)
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taken over by NS
2011: OV-fiets linked
to OV-chipcard
2014/2015:
not enough
OV-fietsen
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2017: no more
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Seamless User-centred Mobility Services
Research topics Phase A (2019-2021) – MaaS
• New tariff system and/or travel product advice; how to give travellers more
insight and trust in their travel costs
• Design guidelines for an inclusive on-demand mobility service
• Critical use factors for a successful Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS)
concept in the Netherlands context
Research topics Phase B (2021-2025) – Seamless travel
• Service design for seamless be-in be-out (mobile) ticketing
• Integration of new transport modalities (such as self-driving vehicles) in current
(public) transport infrastructure
• Design of multi-modal transport hubs for accessible (on-demand) mobility
• …
37www.tudelft.nl/io/ovbetalen
Seamless User-centred Mobility Services
Consortium Phase A (2019-2021) – MaaS
38Van Kuijk (2015), adapted from (IDEO, 2009)
Human Business
Society Technology
viable
feasible
desirable
responsible
What does
the traveller
(really) want?
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Oded Cats
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Automation
ElectrificationSharification
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Limited and conflicting evidence
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Flooding Amsterdam with cheap taxis
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Can ride-hailing substitute PT?
• Using 1:9 of the current vehicle fleet
• However while still inducing traffic
• Replacing all public transport makes things worse
• Can replace all busesWhen removing all buses
When adding flexible services
[Narayan et el. 2019]
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The tragedy of the commons
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Regulation and operations matter!
[Winter et el. 2019]
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Key questions
• What is the potential market potential of MaaS under different
conditions?
• How should a fleet be managed and what are the consequences
for congestion?
• What is the willingness to share?
• How will such new services co-exist with conventional public
transport?
• How can MaaS services be best accommodates and steered to
meet societal goals related to accessibility and equity?
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MaaS@AMS: Sharing the future of urban mobility
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Wijnand Veeneman
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MaaS: a governance perspective
• Original view on MaaS governance– The market will solve it
– Governments should not interfere
• Because– Uber, AirBnB, Booking: platform coordination
• Does that make sense?
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MaaS implementations
• How does the niche MaaS land in theregime Public Transport
• Many instruments to control MaaS– Legal and contract
– Market, hierarchy and network
• How does that work?
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Birmingham
• Regional authority
– Operator initiative
– Authority facilitating
– Operators competing
• MaaS Implementation
– Invited integration
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Helsinki
• Regional authority
– Authority initiative
– Controlling authority
– Operators execute
• MaaS implementation:
– Implemented integration
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Amsterdam
• Regional authority– Authority and operator
cooperation
– Authority conditioning
– Operator provision
• MaaS implementation– Mobility concession
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Conclusions
• Governance conditions solutions
• Less disruptive then expected
• Legal level and contract level
• Regime could kill the niche
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dr.ir. Suzanne Hiemstra-van Mastrigt
Seamless User-centred Mobility Services (IDE)
www.tudelft.nl/io/ovbetalen
More information & contact
Dr.ir. Niels van Oort and dr. Oded Cats
Smart Public Transport Lab (CiTG)
[email protected] / [email protected]
http://SmartPTLab.TUDelft.nl/
dr. Wijnand Veeneman
Infrastructure, organisation and governance (TPM)
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What topics
should be
discussed
in the next
Transport
Thursdays?
Please give
us feedback!