tshc manual

The Simple Hydraulic Calculator

A hydraulic calculation program for water basedautomatic fire sprinkler systems.

©2004-2006 by Igneus Incorporated. All rights reserved.

Revision 1.4c

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http://www.igneusinc.com/



ContentsIntroduction..........................................................................................................................3Using TSHC...........................................................................................................................4

Starting TSHC...................................................................................................................4Exiting TSHC....................................................................................................................4The Editor..........................................................................................................................5File Menu..........................................................................................................................6Edit Menu..........................................................................................................................7Tools Menu.......................................................................................................................8Insert Menu......................................................................................................................11Window Menu..................................................................................................................11Help Menu.......................................................................................................................11The Toolbar.....................................................................................................................12

Your First System................................................................................................................14Piping...............................................................................................................................15Nodes...............................................................................................................................16Calculating.......................................................................................................................18Errors...............................................................................................................................18Calculation Results..........................................................................................................19

Creating a Grid....................................................................................................................20Creating a Tree....................................................................................................................24Backflow Preventers............................................................................................................26Fire Pumps...........................................................................................................................27Using Velocity Pressures.....................................................................................................29Helpful Hints......................................................................................................................30Command Reference...........................................................................................................31

Standard Commands.......................................................................................................31Device Commands..........................................................................................................37Grid Commands..............................................................................................................39TSHC Commands...........................................................................................................48

Appendix.............................................................................................................................50Fitting Codes...................................................................................................................50Fitting Equivalent Lengths.............................................................................................51Pipe Material...................................................................................................................55Internal Diameters..........................................................................................................57Modifying the Insert Menu.............................................................................................61

Index....................................................................................................................................64Quick Reference Sheet........................................................................................................65

2

Introduction

IntroductionWelcome to The Simple Hydraulic Calculator (TSHC for short) – a fully functional hydraulic calculation program for your personal computer. Some features of TSHC you will find useful are:

Hazen-Williams friction loss formula as required by NFPA 13 Supply and demand calculations Multiple water sources (variable and fixed) supported Multiple booster pumps supported Multiple backflow preventers / fixed loss valves supported Suitable for wet, dry, pre-action, and deluge systems Velocity pressures or total pressures Calculate tree, grid, loop, and custom systems System wizard for easily creating tree and gridded systems Hardy-Cross and Newton-Raphson methods of analysis Metric or U.S. units and conversion Supports over 32,000 pipes and 32,000 nodes. Descriptive node and pipe names up to eight characters long Automatic peaking of grid, tree, and loop systems Automatic fitting equivalent length adjustment per NFPA 13 Editable pipe materials database Negative elevations and pressures are allowed Modern syntax highlighting editor with:

Real time error checking Automatic “proposals” for fast entry of custom systems “LiveLook” information bar Feet and inch input for length and elevations Group editing of selected values by type (size, length, elevation, etc...) Multiple undo/redo Numerous keyboard editing shortcuts

Cad compatibility when using The Igneus Cad Utilities. Visit www.igneusinc.com for the latest version.

Shareware – try before you buy!

And version 1.4 introduces the following new features:

“Pop-up helper” assists with pipe material codes, c-factors, fitting codes, k-factors, and pipe sizes!

Insert menu for easy entry of many common backflow preventers and meters. Plus it's customizable!

Windows Vista compatibility (32 and 64 bit) NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, report style Over 25 new pipe materials included!

3


Using TSHC

Using TSHC

Starting TSHC• If you chose to place the TSHC program icon on your desktop during

installation, you may start the program by double-clicking this icon.

• If you chose not to place the TSHC program icon on your desktop, you may start the program by clicking the Start button and choosing Programs > TSHC > TSHC.

Exiting TSHC• Click the close button at the upper right-hand corner of the program window.

• On the menu bar, select File > Exit.

• Click the TSHC icon at the far-left on the title bar and select Close.

If any unsaved changes have been made in an open file, TSHC displays a message asking if you would like to save the file before closing.

4

Using TSHC

The EditorThe TSHC Editor window is a modern syntax highlighting editor. This snapshot illustrates the important features of syntax highlighting. Comments, command names, and errors are all highlighted in distinct colors for quick identification. To change highlighting colors, open the options dialog (menu selection Tools>Options).

Note that U.S. users may type length and elevation values using feet and inch symbols ( ' & “ ) - making fractional inch values much easier to enter.

The TSHC editor also supports the following helpful keyboard shortcuts:

Keystroke Action Keystroke Action

Up arrow Move caret up Ctrl+PageUp Caret to page top

Down arrow Move caret down Shift+Ctrl+PgDn Select from caret to page bottom

Left arrow Move caret left Shift+Ctrl+PageUp Select from caret to page top

Right arrow Move caret right Home Caret to start of line

Shift+Up Select up Shift+Home Select from caret to start of line

Shift+Down Select down Ctrl+Home Caret to beginning of editor

Shift+Left Select to left Shift+Ctrl+Home Select from caret to beginning of editor

Shift+Right Select to right End Caret to end of line

Ctrl+Up Scroll up Shift+End Select from caret to end of line

Ctrl+Down Scroll down Ctrl+End Caret to end of editor

Ctrl+Left Move caret left one word Shift+Ctrl+End Select from caret to end of editor

Ctrl+Right Move caret right one word Insert Toggle insert/overwrite modes

Shift+Ctrl+Left Select word left Shift+Insert Paste from clipboard

Shift+Ctrl+Right Select word right Ctrl+Insert Copy selection to clipboard

PageDown Move caret one page down Delete Delete character

PageUp Move caret one page up Shift+Delete Cut selection

Shift+PageDown Select one page down Backspace Delete character left of caret

Shift+PageUp Select one page up Shift+Backspace Delete character left of caret

Ctrl+PageDown Caret to page bottom Ctrl+A Select all

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Using TSHC

File MenuNew

Creates a new TSHC file by clearing all text in the TSHC Editor window. If the current file has changed, TSHC will ask if you want to save the changes before proceeding.

Open

Open an existing TSHC file. If the current file has changed, TSHC will ask if you want to save the changes before proceeding.

Save

Save the current TSHC file.

Save As

Rename and save the current TSHC file.

Calculate

Hydraulically calculate the current file. After the calculation has started, pressing the ESC key will cancel the calculation.

Preview

Preview the hydraulic calculation report.

Print

Print the hydraulic calculation report.

Exit

Close the TSHC program. If the current file has changed, TSHC will ask if you want to save the changes before closing.

6

Using TSHC

Edit MenuUndo

Reverses the last editing action.

Redo

Reverses the action of the last undo command.

Cut

Moves the current selection to the clipboard.

Copy

Copies the current selection to the clipboard.

Paste

Insert the clipboard contents at the current cursor position (replacing text if the text is selected).

Change

Change all values of a specific type in the current selection.

Find

Search for specific text.

Search Again

Repeat last text search.

Replace

Find and replace specific text.

Project Information

Displays the project information dialog box. Information entered here is saved with the current file and displayed on the summary page of the hydraulic calculation report. (Information in 'Storage' sections not shown on 2007 NFPA 13 report. Information on 'NFPA' section not shown on standard reports.)

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Using TSHC

Tools MenuSystem Wizard

Displays the sprinkler system creation wizard. Easily create new tree and gridded systems using this wizard. When finished, commands (with comments) representing a complete sprinkler system are inserted into the TSHC Editor window.

LiveLook

Turns the “LiveLook” information bar on and off. After a successful calculation, this information bar will display the calculated values from the pipe or node at the most recent cursor or mouse pointer position. This feature allows quick and easy spot checking of a system model without using the calculation results window.

Proposals

Turn editor proposals on or off. When proposals are turned on, the editor will attempt to anticipate the next value or command. This best guess is inserted as a selection. To accept the proposal, press the ENTER key. Any other key will cancel the proposal.

Eng -> Metric

Converts all values in the TSHC Editor window from U.S. units (feet, inches, U.S. gpm, psi) to metric units (meter, millimeter, lpm, bar).

Metric -> Eng

Converts all values in the TSHC Editor window from metric units to U.S. Units.

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Using TSHC

Save Report as Text

Saves the report sections of summary, node, and pipe information to a plain text file. This is useful for importing into CAD and word processing applications.

Pipe Diameters

Opens the Material Editor window. To define a new type of pipe, enter a unique identifier in the Type Code editor box (seven characters or less). Then enter the default wet system c-factor and dry system c-factor at Wet C and Dry C. Finally, for each nominal pipe size this material is available in, enter the corresponding internal diameter in the ID column of the editor grid. To save the new pipe type, click the OK button. Click the Cancel button to abandon your changes. Pipe types supplied with TSHC are not editable. New types you create are editable.

9

Using TSHC

Options

Displays the TSHC options dialog box.

On the Information tab, enter your identifying information for inclusion on all hydraulic calculation reports.

On the Calculations tab, select the default units to be used and the calculation options. Note that the Newton-Raphson method generally converges better on source ( All command) calculations. Also, checking Use Velocity Pressures will cause velocity pressures to be used in all calculations unless the NoVel command is used to override this option.

The TSHC Editor window's font and highlighting colors are set on the Editor tab. Standard syntax highlighting will check for errors that can be detected within a single line of the editor. Advanced syntax highlighting adds some multiline checks (for example, verifying the pipe size in a pipe command is valid for the pipe type set with the preceding use command). This advanced error checking may run too slowly on old computer systems.

Select paper size, orientation, and sections to include in hydraulic calculation reports on the Reports tab of the options dialog box. The 'Sort by Path' option applies to the NFPA 13, 2007 style report only. Report sections 'Water supply graph' and 'Device Graphs' do not apply to the NFPA 13 style report. NFPA 13 report will print properly with A4 or letter sized paper.

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Using TSHC

Insert MenuThe insert menu is created from a text file when The Simple Hydraulic Calculator starts. This file comes preconfigured with many common devices that are normally modeled using the Bfp command. Information on adding your own items may be found in the appendix.

Always check manufacturers' latest data sheets before finalizing your hydraulic calculations. Published pressure loss curves for backflow preventers and other devices may change.

Window MenuEditor

Brings the main TSHC Editor window to the front. The Calculation Results window is focused by default after a successful calculation.

Results

Shows and focuses the Calculation Results window if available. The Calculation Results window is available after a successful calculation.

Help MenuContents

Opens the TSHC help window where you may browse TSHC's help topics or search TSHC's help index for the information needed.

Register

Opens the registration window. After purchasing The Simple Hydraulic Calculator, you will receive a registration code. Enter your registration code in this dialog box to enable full printing of hydraulic calculation reports.

igneusinc.com

Opens Igneus Incorporated's home web page in your default web browser. Go here for news about The Simple Hydraulic Calculator, download updates and other programs, or to purchase The Simple Hydraulic Calculator.

About...

Displays information about The Simple Hydraulic Calculator computer program.

11

Using TSHC

The ToolbarThe toolbar conveniently encapsulates common functions for easy use:

New File

Clears all text from the TSHC Editor window. Identical to the menu selection File>New.

Open File

Open an existing TSHC file. Identical to the menu selection File>Open.

Save File

Saves the current file. Identical to the menu selection File>Save.

Undo

Reverses the last editing action. Identical to the menu selection Edit>Undo.

Redo

Reverses the last undo command. Identical to the menu selection Edit>Redo.

Cut

Moves the current selection to the clipboard. Identical to the menu selection Edit>Cut.

Copy

Copies the current selection to the clipboard. Identical to the menu selection Edit>Copy.

Paste

Insert the clipboard contents at the current cursor position. Identical to the menu selection Edit>Paste.

System Wizard

Displays the sprinkler system creation wizard. Identical to the menu selection Tools>System Wizard.

Project Information

Displays the project information dialog box. Identical to the menu selection Edit>Project Information.

12

Using TSHC

Calculate

Hydraulically calculate the current file. Identical to the menu selection File>Calculate.

Preview

Preview the hydraulic calculation report. Identical to menu selection File>Preview.

Print

Print the hydraulic calculation report. Identical to menu selection File>Print.

Safety Margin

The difference between the water source's pressure and the calculated demand pressure. Shown after every successful hydraulic calculation.

13

Your First System

Your First SystemTo hydraulically model a sprinkler system, only five different commands are needed!

The system drawing to the right will be used throughout this section. Red circles represent flowing sprinkler heads. Blue lines are pipes. Node information is green and pipe information is black. It is helpful to label the nodes on a drawing before entering data for a system model in The Simple Hydraulic Calculator (TSHC).

For this example we will use schedule 40 steel pipe. TSHC uses the Use command to specify piping material. This command takes two parameters - a pipe material code and a C-factor value. Start TSHC and enter the following data on the TSHC Editor window.

// Schedule 40 steel pipe with c=120Use s40 120

Any command that creates a pipe will use the pipe material specified in the most recent Use command that precedes it.

If you pause for a couple of seconds after typing “Use “, the handy “pop-up helper” will appear. The “pop-up helper” will assist you with pipe codes, c-factors, fitting codes, pipe sizes, and sprinkler head k-factors. When the “pop-up helper” is visible, you may keep typing or insert an item from the list (ie: if highlighted, dbl-click or enter).

But what is the // command? Anything you type on any line following // will be ignored by TSHC. Use this command to liberally comment your files. You will be very thankful later!

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A Simple Automatic Sprinkler System

Your First System

PipingNow we are ready to enter all the piping. The pipe command expects the following parameters in order: pipe name, starting node name, ending node name, pipe length, nominal pipe size, and optional fitting codes. Starting from the water source at node Src, enter the 10'0” long pipe as shown. After typing “Pipe” the status bar at the

bottom of the TSHC Editor window will show the parameters format

for the command. This display is updated whenever a valid command is typed into the TSHC Editor window.

Pipe and node names may be up to eight alphanumeric characters long. Take advantage of this to give your pipes and nodes descriptive labels. For example, the node name BotRsr is short for “bottom of riser”. Also note that lengths may use any of five formats (ie: 6.5 or 6.5' or 6'6 or 6'6” or 78”). Pipe sizes may not. If you add the inch (“) character after 1.25, TSHC will indicate an error by highlighting the pipe size 1.25”.

After entering your first pipe command and pressing the ENTER key, TSHC's “proposal feature” (ie: automatic data entry) will try to help you. Pressing the ENTER key accepts the

“proposal”. Any other key cancels the “proposal”. Press ENTER to accept. Then TSHC will “propose” a pipe name. Type “Riser” to cancel the “proposal” and name the pipe yourself. Continue entering the pipe from node BotRsr to node TopRsr. Accept proposals when they are correct. Type in the correct value when a proposal is incorrect.

This pipe needs to account for a standard elbow. After entering the pipe size, press the SPACEBAR once and pause. After a short period of time, the “pop-up helper” will appear. Select the correct fitting from the list (ie: dbl-click or enter) and its fitting code will be inserted for you. When you use a fitting TSHC has no code for, the fitting's equivalent length will need to be added to and included within the pipe length that was previously entered (ie: change the length to an equivalent length).

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Your First System

Continue typing in pipe commands for the remaining system piping. Your chosen pipe names may vary, but your pipe commands should connect nodes TopRsr to Main1, Main1 to Sprk1, and Main1 to Sprk2.

If you like your commands to look more organized, extra spaces may be entered between parameters on a line, to even things up. THSC does not care how many blank spaces there are between values or blank lines between commands.

NodesEntering pipes is only half of the job. Now, all nodes used in a pipe must be defined. TSHC has three different commands for defining nodes. Water sources are defined with the water command. Flowing sprinkler heads are defined with the head command. All other nodes are defined with the node command.

Node Src is the water source. The parameters that describe a water source are: node name, elevation, static/fixed pressure and optional flow/residual pressure value pairs.

Enter the water command using information from the system drawing.

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Your First System

Nodes BotRsr, TopRsr and Main1 are not water sources or flowing sprinkler heads. Define these with the node command. The node command accepts the parameters node name, elevation, optional discharge, and optional minimum pressure. Enter the node commands as shown.

Two nodes remain undefined. Use the head command to define the flowing sprinkler nodes Sprk1 and Sprk2. Each head command requires the parameters node name, elevation, minimum discharge, and k-factor. Use information from the sprinkler system drawing to enter the head commands.

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Your First System

Calculating

Once all the commands defining the sprinkler system are entered, calculate the system. You may tell TSHC to calculate by selecting calculate from the File menu, pressing the F4 key, or clicking the calculate button on the toolbar.

Errors

If TSHC can't calculate your system, as modeled, the warning and message area (ie: lower portion of the TSHC Editor window) will display appropriate messages. In the example, node Main1 has not been defined. Double-click the error message to highlight the line containing the error. In this case, the line defining pipe Main1 is highlighted since it uses the node that has not been defined.

Some errors don't correspond directly to a command. Double-clicking these messages will not highlight a line.

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Your First System

Calculation ResultsAfter a successful calculation, The Simple Hydraulic Calculator will display the calculation results window. This window is the primary tool for evaluating your design.

All relevant pipe, node, and system information is displayed here in easily navigable tables. To find out what a column heading means, pause the mouse pointer over that column. A help hint will appear describing the value the column is showing. Click on column headings to sort the pipes or nodes by that value. Keep in mind that negative pipe flows and friction losses (Q and Pf headings) indicate direction. A flow of -5.0 indicates a 5.0 gpm flow from the end node of the pipe to the start node.

You may keep the calculation results window open while editing in the TSHC main window. Simply move the results window out of your way. To switch focus between the main window and the results window, use the Window menu or the CTRL+1 and CTRL+2 keystroke combinations. If you don't want the results window visible, close it by pressing the ESC key or clicking on its close button in the upper-right corner of the window.

The TSHC Editor window also shows some of the calculation results. The sprinkler system's safety margin (source pressure minus demand pressure) is displayed on the TSHC Editor window's toolbar. And the “LiveLook“ information bar displays pipe and node information based upon the most recent cursor or mouse position.

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Creating a Grid

Creating a GridUsing only the pipe and node/head commands to create the model for a large system can be tedious. Large grid, tree, and loop systems may be entered much faster using the special grid commands.

Figure 1g

Figure 1g shows a simple gridded system. Using grid commands, this entire system may be modeled with just eleven commands. Let's run through it one step at a time. First, we will create the two crossmains.

Use S10 120 // schedule 10 steel pipeMain 3.0 9 8'4 // first (left) 3” crossmainMain 2.5 9 8'4 // second (right) 2.5” crossmain

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Creating a Grid

The first main command creates a crossmain with 3” pipe, 9 branchlines, and an 8'4” spacing between branchlines. The second main command creates a similar crossmain using 2½” pipe. The use command has set the pipe type to schedule 10 steel pipe with a c-factor of 120.

Whenever the main command is used, it's elevation must be set with a corresponding MainElev command:

MainElev 8' // first crossmain 8'0” highMainElev 9' // second crossmain 9'0” high

The first main now has an elevation of eight feet while the second main has an elevation of nine feet. MainElev commands are always matched in order with the main commands. So the first MainElev command always applies to the first main command, the second to the second, etc.

Next we define the gridded branchlines.

Line 8 1.5 3' 4' 10' // 8 head gridded branchline

The line command creates all the branchlines between two mains. In this case, the branchlines are created with 8 heads per line and a 1½” nominal pipe size. Starter piece length is 3'0”, end piece length is 4'0”, and spacing between heads is 10'0”.

Don't forget to place a use command above this line if the branchline pipe material is different than the crossmain pipe material . Also, a line command always requires a corresponding LineElev command.

LineElev 9' // All branchlines are 9'0” high

All branchlines will now be nine feet high. The LineElev and MainElev commands may also be used to create pitched branchlines or mains. See the command reference and the additional example files provided to see how this is done.

It is now time to define the remote area so that TSHC will know which sprinkler heads to discharge water from.

Flow 5 6 7 6 22.0 5.6 // 3 heads/line flowing on 1 lineFlow 3 7 7 9 22.0 5.6 // 5 heads/line flowing on 3 lines

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Creating a Grid

Each flow command defines a rectangular area of heads to flow. The first four numbers indicate the left, bottom, right, and top coordinates for the rectangle. So the first flow command causes the 5th through 7th sprinkler heads on the 6th branchline to discharge a minimum of 22 gpm with a k-factor of 5.6. The second flow command 'turns on' the 3rd

through 7th heads on the 7th through 9th branchlines. As you can tell from figure 1g, the first main command creates the 'leftmost' crossmain, the last main command creates the 'rightmost' crossmain and the first branchline created is the 'bottom'.

Nine commands and you've entered the entire grid! That's not too bad. Just two more commands are needed to connect the grid to a water source.

Pipe R1 W1 M1A 15' 3.0 g c 2e // riser & bulkmainWater W1 1'0 40 600 35 // water source

A 15' long 3” pipe with a gate valve, check valve, and two elbows take care of the riser and short bulk-main shown in figure 1g while the new node, 'W1', is defined as the water source. But where did node 'M1A' come from?

The main and line commands create all pipes and nodes needed to model the grid. The first main's node and pipe names will be 'M1A', 'M1B', 'M1C', etc. The second main's node and pipe names will be 'M2A', 'M2B', etc. So each main is assigned its own numeral indentifier (1, 2, 3, etc.). And each pipe or node on that main is given its own letter identifier (A, B, C, etc.). Branchline nodes and pipes are labeled similarly. Each branchline is assigned its own number while each pipe or node on the branchline gets its own letter. So the first branchline's nodes and pipes will be names 'L1A', 'L1B', 'L1C', etc. And we can't forget the short riser pipes. These are created automatically between the first crossmain and the branchlines' starter pipes since the crossmain is at 8'0” and the branchlines are at 9'0”. These pipes and their end nodes follow the same naming pattern of the crossmain they are connected to. So the first riser pipe created will be 'R1A' and go from node 'M1A' to 'R1A'.

If everything has been typed in correctly, calculating this system will show a safety margin of 2.39 psi. Try changing the floater crossmain's pipe size from 2½” to 2” and see what happens. Change the branchlines, too. It is easy to try different pipe sizes when you have used the grid commands.

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Creating a Grid

But how do you know that the selected remote area is correct? This is where the AutoPeak command comes in handy. Whenever the 'grid' commands are used to automatically create a system, the AutoPeak command may be used. Autopeaking works by shifting the remote area left, right, up, and down to every possible location within the grid that the remote area will fit. Add AutoPeak to the grid system above and recalculate. As you can see, the remote area defined with the flow commands is not the most remote area. Notice that the safety margin has been reduce to 2.14 psi. The most remote area has been calculated. However, the original flow commands in your file will not be changed by TSHC. You may edit the flow commands yourself to reflect the real remote area but it is not necessary as long as the AutoPeak command is being used.

Unfortunately, the exhaustive search carried out by the AutoPeak command may be very slow on large systems. When you know, as in this gridded system, that the branchlines selected for the remote area are correct, the reduce command may be used. The benefits of reduce are twofold. First, the remote area is only shifted left and right along the branchlines. This speeds up the search tremendously. Secondly, branchlines without flowing heads will be modeled with a single piece of pipe. In the gridded example above, the first five branchlines will be modeled with five pieces of pipe instead of forty-five. This makes your printed hydraulic calculation reports much shorter.

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Creating a Tree

Creating a TreeBuilding on what you have already learned, a tree system may be modeled with just two new commands.

Figure 1t

Figure 1t shows a simple tree system. You already know how to model the crossmain:

Use S10 120Main 3.0 9 8'4”MainElev 8'0 8'6

Note the MainElev command. The start of the crossmain is set for an elevation of 8'0” while the end of the crossmain is set for an elevation of 8'6”. TSHC will automatically calculate the elevation of each crossmain node (M1A-M1I) based upon this slope. Also, riser nipple lengths will be automatically adjusted for the sloping crossmain.

24

Creating a Tree

Use the TreeLeft command to create the branchlines left of the crossmain.

TreeLeft 3 8'0 2.0 10'0 1.5 10'0 1.25The TreeLeft command has now created a branchline left of the crossmain with 3 heads, an 8'0” starter piece of 2” pipe, then a 10'0” long 1½” pipe, and lastly a 10'0” long 1¼” pipe.

Use the TreeRight command for branchlines right of the crossmain.

TreeRight 4 2'0 2.0 10'0 1.5 10'0 1.5 10'0 1.25This command creates all branchlines right of the crossmain with 4 heads on each line, a starter piece 2'0” long of 2” pipe, then two 10'0” long 1½” pipes, and a 10'0” long 1¼” pipe.

Now set the elevation for the branchlines:

LineElev 9'0Even if the system uses a TreeLeft, TreeRight, and multiple Line commands, only one LineElev command is required and allowed. A LineElev command applies to all the branchlines created with the grid commands.

Finish up by specifying the remote area and connecting the tree to a water source:

Flow 5 6 7 6 22.0 5.6Flow 3 7 7 9 22.0 5.6Pipe R1 W1 M1A 36'0 3.0 g c 2eWater W1 1'0 40 600 35

Calculating the system leaves a safety margin of only 1.81 psi. Try changing the crossmain and branchline pipe sizes to improve the safety margin.

The TreeLeft and TreeRight commands may also be used with gridded systems to create outrigger lines. When used with a multi-main (gridded) system, the TreeLeft command will create outrigger lines connected to the first (leftmost) main entered. The TreeRight command creates outrigger lines connected to the last (rightmost) main entered.

25

Backflow Preventers

Backflow PreventersEntering a backflow preventer or any other fixed or nonlinear pressure losing device is accomplished with the Bfp command:

Bfp pipename loss flow [ loss flow ... ]For example, the blue curve in the figure below is similar to typical pressure loss curves for reduced pressure backflow preventers. This curve may be modeled with the Bfp command:

Bfp w2 0 8.0 200 11.25 300 11.25 875 10.0 1250 11.0This places the backflow preventer in a pipe named w2 (pipe w2 should already exist) and models the pressure loss as shown by the green line. It is important to note that the Bfp command interpolates pressure loss linearly between the points that are entered. For example, if the flow of water through pipe w2 is 100 gpm, the pressure loss included in the calculations will be 9.625 psi.

Enter values close to the anticipated flow rate for best results. Also take care not to pick points where interpolated values would fall beneath the devices actual pressure loss curve. The Bfp command always removes pressure in the same direction as the calculated water flow.

26

Fire Pumps

Fire PumpsEnter fire booster pumps with the Pump command:

Pump inNode outNode elevation churn flow pressure [flow pressure ...]

While the Bfp command treats a device like a fitting and places it in a pipe, the Pump command creates an independent device that pipe must connect to. The piping from the water source to the pump should connect through the inNode while piping from the pump to the system should connect to the outNode. Elevation sets the elevation for the pump and the in and out nodes. Therefore, seperate Node commands are not needed to define the in and out nodes.

Take the pump layout shown below:

The fire pump is rated 1000 gpm at 70 psi with an 84 psi churn pressure. Entering everything from the underground spigot to the base of the riser would look like this:

Pipe spg spg pin 10'4.5” 6.0 TBFP spg 0 8.0 200 11.25 300 11.25 875 10.0 1250 11.0Pump pin pout 3'0 84 1000 70Pipe rb pout rb 3'2.5” 6.0 C G

Node spg 2'4”Node rb 3'0”

27

Fire Pumps

Unlike the Bfp command, the Pump command will interpolate the pressure values based upon Q1.85 just as water sources do. This is typically accurate for pump pressure curves. However, for curves where pressure does not degrade normally, additional flow/pressure points should be entered close to the actual flow calculated.

The calculated flow curve TSHC will use, based upon the Pump command above, is shown at right. Note that pressure is always added in the direction of water flow.

28

Using Velocity Pressures

Using Velocity PressuresUsing velocity pressure instead of total pressure can make a large difference on some sprinkler system calculations. However, TSHC needs to know where to use velocity pressures. Account for velocity pressure at a pipe's start node by using the VB fitting code (Velocity at Beginning). Use velocity pressures at the end node with the VE fitting code (Velocity at Ending).

TSHC places the VB and VE fitting codes in accordance with NFPA 13 for gridded/tree systems built using the grid commands. However, the user must place the VB and VE codes correctly for all manually created pipe (the Pipe command).

Once the velocity codes are placed properly, there are two ways to tell TSHC to calculate using velocity pressures: use the Vel command anywhere within the editor or check the 'Use Velocity Pressures' checkbox in the Tools>Options menu dialog box.

When the option is selected, all calculations will default to using velocity pressures. Then use the NoVel command when a total pressure calculation is needed. However, leaving velocity pressures off by default and using the Vel command when desired is usually the best approach.

Additionally, using velocity pressures increases the chance of the hydraulic calculation failing to converge on a solution. When this happens, an error is given and the hydraulic calculation report is not available. Try calculating without velocity pressures when this happens.

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Helpful Hints

Helpful Hints• Use the system wizard (Tools->System Wizard) to quickly create gridded

and tree systems.

• Print out the Quick Reference page from this manual and keep it by your computer.

• Use The Igneus Cad Utilities to create .shc files from your cad drawings.

• Use syntax highlighting (Tools->Options). The visual feed back helps while editing a system and real time error checking does not show up without it.

• Double-click on errors in the warnings/error list to highlight the line the error is on. (If TSHC is not sure which line caused the error, nothing will happen.)

• Give your pipe and nodes descriptive names.

• Liberally comment your files using the // command.

• Many commands may be abbreviated to speed up typing. For example, the TreeLeft command may be shortened to TL. All command abbreviations are noted in the command reference.

• On large grid or tree systems, use Reduce to shorten the hydraulic calculation report.

• Check your “grid” commands by viewing the hydraulic calculation report's flow diagram (File>Preview).

• On slow computers, using the AutoPeak command may take too long. Use the Reduce command to limit the search and speed things up.

• Take advantage of table sorting in the calculation results window to help evaluate your sprinkler system design. (Click on column headings to sort by that value.)

• When TSHC fails to converge on a solution, try using the Newton-Raphson method of solution. This setting may be changed in the Tools>Options dialog.

• Take advantage of keyboard shortcuts. For example, pressing the F4 key followed by F5 quickly calculates the system and brings up the print preview window.

• Use “proposals” (Tools>Proposals) when typing in several pipe or node commands.

30

Command Reference

Command Reference

Standard Commands

Command Alias Parameters

// noneDescription

Comment command. Everything after the // command on the same line is considered a comment.

Example// This is a comment


All noneDescription

Perform a supply calculation. This results in the hydraulic demand pressure being equal to the water supply's residual pressure at the demand flow rate (zero pressure cushion). By default, TSHC performs a demand calculation.

Example// Calculate to the available water supplyAll

31

Command Reference


Head H name elevation minFlow k-factorDescription

Defines a node as a flowing sprinkler head.

See Also: HC, Water, Node, Pipe

name A unique identifier for this node. Names up to eight alphanumeric characters long are permitted.

elevation Elevation of the sprinkler head.

minFlow Minimum discharge rate this head should maintain during a demand calculation.

k-factor Sprinkler head's k-factor.

Example// 1/2” standard sprinkler headHead h7 8'8” 14.82 5.6


HC source copy [ copy ... ]Description

Defines new flowing sprinkler head nodes based upon a source sprinkler head node previously defined with the Head command.

source Name of the source node.

copy Name for the new sprinkler head node.

Example// make sprinklers h2 to h5 the same as h7Head h7 8'8” 14.82 5.6HC h7 h2 h3 h4 h5

32

Command Reference


Node N name elevation [ discharge [ pressure ]]Description

Defines a node as a flowing sprinkler head.

See Also: NC, Water, Head, Pipe

name A unique identifier for this node. Names up to eight alphanumeric characters long are permitted.

elevation Elevation of the node.

discharge Amount of water to flow from this node, regardless of pressure. Default is zero.

pressure

Minimum pressure that must be maintained at this node. When no discharge is entered, no minimum pressure is enforced. When no pressure is given but a nonzero discharge is entered, pressure defaults to zero.

Example// Top of riserNode TR 18'6”

// Flow outside hose allowance from undergroundNode UG1 -5'0” 400

// Top of standpipe – 250 gpm flowing at 100 psiNode SP3 36'6” 250 100


NC source copy [ copy ... ]Description

Defines new nodes based upon a source node previously defined with the Node command.

source Name of the source node.

copy Name for the new sprinkler head node.

Example// make nodes n15 to n17 the same as n7Node n7 8'8”NC n7 n15 n16 n17

33

Command Reference


Pipe P name sNode eNode length size [ [#]fitting ...]Description

Define a piece of pipe. The pipe material is defined by the closest previous Use command.

See Also: Use, Head, Node, Fitting Codes, Bfp, BP

name A unique identifier for this pipe. Names up to eight alphanumeric characters long are permitted.

sNode Starting node name. Names up to eight alphanumeric characters long are permitted.

eNode Ending node name. Names up to eight alphanumeric characters long are permitted.

length Physical length of pipe.

size Nominal diameter of pipe.

fittingA valid TSHC fitting code. A quantity may be specified by immediately preceding the fitting code with a number.

Example// Schedule 10 pipeUse s10 120// Riser pipe with check va, butterfly va, and 2 ellsPipe Riser BR TR 14'3.5” 4.0 b c 2e

34

Command Reference


PC source copy copySN copyEN [ copy ... ]Description

Creates new pieces of pipe identical to a previously defined Pipe.

source Name of the source pipe.

copy Name for the new piece of pipe.

copySN Starting node name for the new piece of pipe.

copyEN Ending node name for the new piece of pipe.

Example// Crossmain with four identical pieces of pipePipe Main1 m1 m2 10'6” 2.5PC Main1 Main2 m2 m3 Main3 m3 m4 Main4 m4 m5


Use U type c-factorDescription

Specifies the pipe material and roughness coefficient to use for commands that create pipe: Pipe, Main, MainV, Line, LineElev, and Flow. These commands utilize the closest use command that precedes it. Make sure a use command precedes all others or the pipe type may be undefined.

type A valid pipe type identifier.

c-factor Hazen-Williams roughness coefficient.

Example// Ductile iron underground pipeUse cdi 140

35

Command Reference


Water W name elevation static [ flow pressure ... ]Description

Defines a node as a water source. When flow and pressure are omitted, the water source will provide static pressure at any flow.

When multiple water commands are used, only a source calculation will be performed even if the All command has not been used.

See Also: Head, Node, Pipe

name A unique identifier for the water source node. Names up to eight alphanumeric characters long are permitted.

elevation Elevation of the water source.

static Static pressure of the water source.

flow Measured flow rate of the water source.

pressure Measured residual pressure of the water source.

Example// City main water sourceWater city1 1'6” 55 993 40

36

Command Reference

Device Commands


BP name churn flow pressure [flow pressure ...]Description

Adds a booster pump in a previously defined Pipe. Pressure gain at the calculated flow rate is interpolated from the flow and pressure values given. Interpolation is based on 1.85 log just as Water sources are. Pressure is increased in the same direction as water flow.

To model a pump as a seperate entity, instead of as part of a Pipe, use the Pump command.

name Name of pipe to place the booster pump in.

churn Booster pump's churn pressure (pressure at zero flow rate).

flow Flow rate where pump's net gain is pressure.

pressure Net gain of pump when flowing flow.

Example// 1500 gpm pump with 150% flow point entered alsoBP W1 115 1500 100 2250 65


BFP name flow pressure [flow pressure ...]Description

Adds a backflow preventer or other pressure losing device to a previously defined Pipe. Pressure loss at the calculated flow rate is interpolated from the flow and pressure values given and always removed in the direction of water flow. Interpolation is linear, not 1.85 log.

name Name of pipe to place the backflow preventer in.

flow Flow rate where backflow preventer's net loss is pressure.

pressure Net loss of backflow preventer when flowing flow.

Example// 6” Colt C500 reduced pressure detector assemblyBFP W1 0 10.0 50 13.0 300 8.0 600 7.0 1200 12.0

37

Command Reference


Pump in out elev churn flow pres [ flow pres ... ]Description

Creates a booster pump. Pressure gain at the calculated flow rate is interpolated from the flow and pressure values given. Interpolation is based to 1.85 log just as Water sources are. Pressure is increased in the same direction as water flow.

See Also: BP

in Name for suction side pump node. This node does not need to be defined seperately with a Node command.

outName for discharge side pump node. This node does not need to be defined seperately with a Node command.

elev Elevation of booster pump.

churn Booster pump's churn pressure (pressure at zero flow rate).

flow Flow rate where pump's net gain is pres.

pres Net gain of pump when flowing flow.

Example// 1500 gpm pump with 150% flow point entered alsoPump Pin Pout 3'6” 115 1500 100 2250 65

38

Command Reference

Grid Commands


Autopeak AP noneDescription

Autopeak finds the hydraulically most remote area by shifting the flowing heads defined with the Flow commands through every possible position.

When the Reduce command is used, autopeak does not shift the flowing heads to different branchlines. Flowing heads are still shifted along the selected branchline(s).

Additionally, autopeak is disabled if the Drop command is used.

Example// Automatically peak the remote areaAutopeak


Drop ceiling size [offset]Description

Creates a pipe drop for each flowing head. The length of the drop will be the difference of the ceiling and branch line elevations plus the offset. If drop is used, automatic peaking of the remote area ( Autopeak command ) will be disabled.

ceiling Ceiling height

size Nominal pipe size of drop

offset Length of armover from branchline to drop. Default value is zero.

Example// 1” pipe drops on 6” armovers down to a 12'6” clgDrop 12'6” 1.0 0'6”

39

Command Reference


Flow left bottom right top discharge k-factorDescription

Defines a rectangular area of flowing heads. Multiple flow commands may be used to define irregularly shaped remote areas.

The first main defined is the left-most main and the first branch line is the bottom line. So, the last heads on the tree line off the first main ( TreeLeft command ) would be column one. If no outrigger lines are used, then the first head on the grid lines between the first two mains would be column one.

See Also: Autopeak, Drop, Main, MainV, Line

left Leftmost flowing head on branchline

bottom Lowest branch line with flowing heads

right Rightmost flowing head on branchline

top Highest branch line with flowing heads

discharge Minimum flow required from each head

k-factor K-factor of sprinkler head

Example// 3 heads per line on 3 branchlines flowingFlow 1 2 3 4 14.82 5.6

40

Command Reference


Line L heads size start end spacing [spacing ...]Description

Creates the gridded branch lines between two cross mains. Pipe and nodes are labeled as 'L[line#][letterseq]'. There should be one less line command then there are Main/MainV commands.

See Also: LineElev, Main, MainV, TreeLeft, TreeRight

heads Number of sprinkler heads on a branch line.

size Nominal pipe size of branch line piping.

start Length of branch line starter piece.

end End piece length on branch line.

spacingDistance between sprinkler heads along the branch lines. Specifying more than one spacing value defines a repeating spacing pattern.

Example// 1.5” branchlines with 10 heads per lineLine 10 1.5 3'4” 5'8” 10'6”

41

Command Reference


LineElev LE [+/-]startElev [+/-]endElev [offset [+/-]offsetElev]Description

Sets the elevation of all branch lines. When using the + or – symbol on any one elevation, all elevations will be relative instead of absolute.

See Also: MainElev, Line, TreeLeft, TreeRight

startElevElevation of branch lines at left most point of branch lines. Use the optional sign symbol to specify a relative elevation above or below the first cross main.

endElevElevation of branch lines at right most point of branch lines. Use the optional sign symbol to specify a relative elevation above or below the first cross main.

offset Length from left most point of the branch lines to the point at height offsetElev.

offsetElev

Elevation of branch lines at the offset distance from the left most point of the branch line. Use the optional sign symbol to specify a relative elevation above or below the first cross main.

Example// set all branchlines elevationsLineElev 12' 14' 25'6” 18'6

42

Command Reference


Main M size lines spacing [ extraNode offset ]Description

Creates a cross main. Cross main pipe are named 'Mxy'. 'x' is the number identifier for this main (1 for the first main created, 2 for the second, etc.). 'y' is a letter identifier indicating which piece of pipe it is along the cross main. The nodes created for the cross main follow the same naming convention. For example, the first pipe on the first cross main will be named 'M1A', and the second pipe will be 'M1B'. The 27th pipe will be 'M1AA'. For a second cross main, the naming will be 'M2A', 'M2B', etc.

See Also: MainV, MainElev, RN, Line, TreeLeft, TreeRight

size Nominal pipe size of the cross main.

lines Number of branch lines connected to the cross main. There must be at least two branch lines.

spacing Distance between branch lines along the cross main.

extraNode Name for an extra node to insert at offset distance from the start of the cross main.

offset Distance from the start of the cross main to the extraNode.

Example// 6” crossmain with 8 branchlines 12'6” apartMain 6.0 8 12'6 TIEIN 30'8”

43

Command Reference


MainElev ME startElev [endElev [offfset offsetElev]]Description

Sets the elevation of a crossmain. One MainElev command is required for each crossmain created with a Main or MainV command.

See Also: Main, MainV, LineElev

startElevElevation at beginning of crossmain. This elevation is used for the entire crossmain when a value for endElev is not given.

endElev Elevation at end of crossmain.

offset Distance from beginning of crossmain to a point on the crossmain set at a height of offsetElev.

offsetElev Elevation of crossmain at the offset distance from the beginning of the crossmain line.

Example// set crossmain elev to 18'3” at ends with 22'5” peakMainElev 18'3” 18'3” 50'0” 22'5”

44

Command Reference


MainV MV size lines spacing [ spacing ... ]Description

Creates a cross main. Cross main pipe are named 'Mxy'. 'x' is the number identifier for this main (1 for the first main created, 2 for the second, etc.). 'y' is a letter identifier indicating which piece of pipe it is along the cross main. The nodes created for the cross main follow the same naming convention. For example, the first pipe on the first cross main will be named 'M1A', and the second pipe will be 'M1B'. The 27th pipe will be 'M1AA'. For a second cross main, the naming will be 'M2A', 'M2B', etc.

See Also: Main, MainElev, RN, Line, TreeLeft, TreeRight

size Nominal pipe size of the cross main.

lines Number of branch lines connected to the cross main. There must be at least two branch lines.

spacingDistance between branch lines along the cross main. Specifying more than one spacing value defines a repeating spacing pattern.

Example// Crossmain with branchline spacing of 12',13',12',13'...MainV 6.0 8 12'0 13'0


Reduce R noneDescription

Eliminates non-flowing outrigger lines and uses a single pipe to span between crossmains where possible. When reduce is used with Autopeak , the remote area is shifted right and left along the branchlines but not up and down to different branchlines.

Use this command to shorten your printed reports on large systems and speed up automatic peaking of calculations when the extra remote area checking is not needed.

Example// reduce number of pipeReduce

45

Command Reference


RN size [ size ... ]Description

Sets the riser nipple pipe size for a crossmain. If no RN command is used, riser nipple size will be the same as the largest branchline connecting to it. Note that the first size entered will apply to the first Main/MainV command entered, the second size to the second Main/MainV command, and so on.

size Nominal pipe size for the riser nipples.

Example// First crossmain has 2” riser nipples// Second crossmain has 1.5” riser nipplesRN 2.0 1.5


TreeLeft TL heads start size [ spacing size ... ]Description

Creates tree branchlines connected to the first crossmain defined. If fewer spacing size pairs are given then number of pipe created, the last spacing size pair is repeated.

See Also: TreeRight, Line, LineElev, Main, MainV

heads Number of sprinkler heads on the branchlines.



spacing Distance between sprinkler heads on the branchlines.

Example// 3 head outrigger line off first mainTreeLeft 3 2'6” 1.25 10'0” 1.25 10'0” 1.00

46

Command Reference


TreeRight TR heads start size [ spacing size ... ]Description

Creates tree branchlines connected to the last crossmain defined. If fewer spacing size pairs are given then number of pipe created, the last spacing size pair is repeated.

See Also: TreeLeft, Line, LineElev, Main, MainV

heads Number of sprinkler heads on the branchlines.



spacing Distance between sprinkler heads on the branchlines.

Example// 4 head outrigger line off last mainTreeRight 4 2'6” 1.25 9'8” 1.25

47

Command Reference

TSHC Commands


English noneDescription

Causes all values to be interpreted in United States units. This command overrides your Tools->Options setting.

See Also: Metric

Example// Use U.S. unitsEnglish


Metric noneDescription

Causes all values to be interpreted in metric units. This command overrides your Tools->Options setting.

See Also: English

Example// Use metric unitsMetric


NoVel noneDescription

Calculations will not use velocity pressures. This command overrides your Tools->Options setting.

See Also: Vel

Example// Use total pressuresNoVel

48

Command Reference


Vel noneDescription

Calculations will use velocity pressures. This command overrides your Tools->Options setting.

See also: NoVel

Example// Use velocity pressuresVel

49

Appendix

Appendix

Fitting CodesFittings used that do not correspond to any of TSHC's fitting codes will need to be entered as an equivalent length of pipe.

Code Description Code Description

A Alarm valve HE Standard 45º elbowB Butterfly valve LE Long radius 90º elbowC Check valve LV Globe valveD Dry pipe valve NV Angle valve

DGGlobe dry pipe valve: 3” (80mm) Model D; 4” (100mm) and 6” (150mm) Model F-3/G-3

SR strainer

DRReliable dry pipe valve: 2.5” (65mm) Model A; 4” (100mm) and 6” (150mm) Model D

T Tee, flow turn 90º

DT

Tyco dry pipe valve: 2”-3” (50mm-80mm) Model AF; 4” (100mm) and 6” (150mm) Model DPV-1

TN Tee, straight thru path

DV Viking model F1 dry pipe valve 3”-6” (80mm-150mm) TR Reducing tee, straight thru path,

50% size reduction

DVN Victaulic Firelock NXT dry pipe valve 2.5”-8” (65mm-200mm) VB Use velocity pressure at the start

node of the pipe.

E Standard 90º elbow VE Use velocity pressure at the end node of the pipe.

G Gate valve

50

Appendix

Fitting Equivalent LengthsThe following equivalent lengths are used by TSHC when fitting codes are entered. These lengths are based upon shedule 40 steel pipe with a c-factor of 120. TSHC adjusts these equivalent lengths in accordance with NFPA 13 for the actual pipe type and c-factor used.

Equivalent fitting length in feet. Based upon schedule 40 steel with C=120

Nominal Pipe Size (inches)

CODE ½” ¾” 1” 1¼” 1½” 2” 2½” 3” 3½”

E 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

HE 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3

LE 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 5 5

T 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 15 17

TN 2 2 2 3 4 5 5

TR 2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

G 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

LV 16 20 25 34 41 53 61 80 90

NV 8 11 13 18 21 27 32 40 47

C 5 7 9 11 14 16 19

B 6 7 10 11

A 1 1 1 2 3 8 10

D 1 1 1 2 4 10 12

DG 12.61

DR 9.5

DT 23 23 29

DV 3

DVN 11.21 23.82

SR 1 1 1 3 6 17 20Based upon schedule 40 steel with C=120

51

Appendix


CODE 4” 5” 6” 8” 10” 12” 14” 16” 18”

E 10 12 14 18 22 27 30 32 38

HE 4 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 20

LE 6 8 9 13 16 18

T 20 25 30 35 50 60 65 70 80

TN 6 8 9 13 16 18

TR 10 12 14 18 22 27 30 32 38

G 2 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 8

LV 101 120 160 210 290 340

NV 55 60 82 105 145 170

C 22 27 32 45 55 65 70 75 85

B 12 9 10 12 19 21

A 12 15 20 32

D 18 20 30

DG 27.33 43.44

DR 28 47

DT 12.47 30.83

DV 5 49

DVN 29.43 30.83 70.06

SR 30 35 40 70Based upon schedule 40 steel with C=120

52

Appendix

Equivalent fitting length in meters. Based upon schedule 40 steel with C=120

Nominal Pipe Size (meters)

Code 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90

E 0.31 0.61 0.61 0.92 1.22 1.52 1.83 2.13 2.44

HE 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.61 0.61 0.92 0.92 0.92

LE 0.31 0.31 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.92 1.22 1.52 1.52

T 0.92 1.22 1.52 1.83 2.44 3.05 3.66 4.57 5.18

TN 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.92 1.22 1.52 1.52

TR 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.92 1.22 1.52 1.83 2.13 2.44

G 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31

LV 4.88 6.1 7.62 10.4 12.5 16.2 18.6 24.4 27.4

NV 2.44 3.35 3.96 5.49 6.4 8.23 9.75 12.2 14.3

C 1.52 2.13 2.74 3.35 4.27 4.88 5.8

B 1.83 2.13 3.05 3.35

A 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.61 0.92 2.44 3.05

D 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.61 1.22 3.05 3.66

DG 3.85

DR 2.9

DT 7.01 7.01 8.84

DV 0.92

DVN 3.416 7.261

SR 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.92 1.83 5.18 6.1Based upon schedule 40 steel with C=120

53

Appendix

Nominal Pipe Size (meters)

Code 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

E 3.05 3.66 4.27 5.49 6.7 8.3 9.2 9.8 11.6

HE 1.22 1.52 2.13 2.74 3.4 4 4.6 5.2 6.1

LE 1.83 2.44 2.74 3.96 4.9 5.49

T 6.1 7.6 9.1 10.7 15.2 18.3 19.8 21.3 24.4

TN 1.83 2.44 2.74 3.96 4.88 5.49

TR 3.05 3.66 4.27 5.49 6.71 8.23 9.14 9.75 11.6

G 0.61 0.61 0.92 1.22 1.52 1.83 1.83 2.13 2.44

LV 30.8 36.6 48.8 64 88.4 103.6

NV 16.8 18.3 25 32 44.2 51.8

C 6.71 8.23 9.75 13.7 16.8 19.8 21.3 22.9 25.9

B 3.66 2.74 3.05 3.66 5.79 6.4

A 3.66 4.57 6.1 9.75

D 5.49 6.1 9.14

DG 8.33 13.24

DR 8.54 14.33

DT 3.80 9.40

DV 1.53 14.94

DVN 8.969 9.396 21.36

SR 9.14 10.7 12.2 21.3Based upon schedule 40 steel with C=120

54

Appendix

Pipe MaterialPipe material codes included with TSHC are:

Code Description

S40 Schedule 40 steel ( 12” and under from NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, Table A.6.3.2)S10 Schedule 10 steel (from NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, Table A.6.3.2)S5 Schedule 5 steel (from NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, Table A.6.3.2)

CPVC CPVC SDR 13.5 to ASTM F442 – Harvel Blazemaster, Victaulic Firelock, Spears Flameguard (from average i.d. Specifications from www.blazemaster.com Nov. 2006)

PVC 4” and greater C900 150psi (from approximate i.d. data in PW Eagle Submittal Sheet MKT-W-701 dated August 2004)3” and smaller Blazemaster CPVC. Kept for backwards compatibility – use CPVC code instead. (from www.blazemaster.com Nov. 2006)

PVC200 C900 pressure class 200psi (from approximate i.d. Data in PW Eagle Submittal Sheet MKT-W-701 dated August 2004)

PVC905 C905 pressure class 165psi (from approximate i.d. Data in PW Eagle Submittal Sheet MKT-W-701 dated August 2004)

CDI Standard Single Layer Thickness Cement Lined Ductile Iron Wall Thickness Class 50 at lowest pressure grade commonly available (from NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, Table A.10.1.6)

CDI51 Standard Single Layer Thickness Cement Lined Ductile Iron Wall Thickness Class 51 at lowest pressure grade commonly available (from NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, Table A.10.1.6)

CDI52 Standard Single Layer Thickness Cement Lined Ductile Iron Wall Thickness Class 52 at lowest pressure grade commonly available (from NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, Table A.10.1.6)

BSM BS 1387 Medium Steel (from Corus Tube data sheet CT07:30000:UK:07/2001)BSH BS 1387 Heavy Steel (from Corus Tube data sheet CT07:30000:UK:07/2001)ENL2 EN 10255 Type L2 Steel (from www.infires.co.uk technical bulletin TB227)ENM EN 10255 Medium Steel (from www.infires.co.uk technical bulletin TB227)ENH EN 10255 Heavy Steel (from www.infires.co.uk technical bulletin TB227)CA Type A Copper Tube AS1432 (from Crane Copper Tube data sheet

CRN8316.BMS0905 – www.cranecopper.au)CK Type K Copper Tube (from NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, Table A.6.3.5)CL Type L Copper Tube (from NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, Table A.6.3.5)

55

http://www.cranecopper.au/

http://www.infires.co.uk/



http://www.blazemaster.com/

http://www.blazemaster.com/

Appendix

Code DescriptionCM Type M Copper Tube (from NFPA 13, 2007 Edition, Table A.6.3.5)CX Type X Copper Tube BSEN1057 (from Crane Copper Tube data sheet

CRN8345.BMS0905 – www.cranecopper.au)CY Type Y Copper Tube BSEN1057 (from Crane Copper Tube data sheet

CRN8345.BMS0905 – www.cranecopper.au)AXL Allied XL and BLT threadable steel (from

ATHREAD Allied Dyna-Thread steelAFLO Allied Dyna-Flo steelBULTRA Bull Moose Tube Company Ultra Eddy Steel (from bmt-eddypipe-brochure.pdf

available from www.bullmoosetube.com)BFLO Bull Moose Tube Company Eddy Flow Steel (from bmt-eddypipe-brochure.pdf

available from www.bullmoosetube.com)BLITE Bull Moose Tube Company Eddylite Steel (from bmt-eddypipe-brochure.pdf

available from www.bullmoosetube.com)BTHREAD Bull Moose Tube Company Eddythread 40 Steel (from bmt-eddypipe-

brochure.pdf available from www.bullmoosetube.com)WTHREAD Wheatland Tube Company Mega-Thread Steel (from technical data chart

available at www.wheatland.com)WFLO Wheatland Tube Company Mega-Flow Steel (from technical data chart available

at www.wheatland.com)WWLS Wheatland Tube Company WLS Steel (from technical data chart available at

www.wheatland.com)YTHREAD Youngstown Tube Company EZ-Thread Steel (from www.youngstowntube.com)YFLO Youngstown Tube Company Fire-Flowtm Steel (from www.youngstowntube.com)TS30 Threadable schedule 30 steel (Based upon a manufacturer's brand no longer in

production)

56

http://www.youngstowntube.com/

http://www.youngstowntube.com/

http://www.wheatland.com/



http://www.bullmoosetube.com/






Appendix

Internal DiametersWhen the default pipe materials do not match what you use, create a new pipe material code with the correct internal pipe diameters. Select Tools|Pipe Diameters on the menu bar.

For each corresponding pipe material type code and nominal pipe size, the following internal diameters are used by TSHC.

Internal diameter in inches.


Code ½” ¾” 1” 1¼” 1½” 2” 2½” 3” 3½” 4”

S40 0.622 0.824 1.049 1.380 1.610 2.067 2.469 3.068 3.548 4.026

S10 0.674 0.884 1.097 1.442 1.682 2.157 2.635 3.260 3.760 4.260

S5 1.185 1.530 1.770 2.245 2.709 3.334 3.834 4.334

CPVC 0.874 1.101 1.394 1.598 2.003 2.423 2.950

PVC 0.874 1.101 1.394 1.598 2.003 2.423 2.950 4.22

PVC200 4.06

PVC905

CDI 3.34 4.16

CDI51 3.34 4.16

CDI52 3.28 4.10

BSM 0.634 0.854 1.075 1.417 1.649 2.090 2.712 3.185 4.145

BSH 0.586 0.807 1.012 1.354 1.586 2.019 2.641 3.106 4.075

ENL2 0.868 1.090 1.433 1.665 2.106 2.724 3.193 4.151

ENM 0.854 1.076 1.419 1.651 2.088 2.706 3.179 4.136

ENH 0.807 1.013 1.356 1.588 2.017 2.636 3.100 4.065

CA 0.421 0.637 0.870 1.122 1.37 1.87 2.37 2.838 3.838

CK 0.745 0.995 1.245 1.481 1.959 2.435 2.907 3.385 3.857

CL 0.785 1.025 1.265 1.505 1.985 2.465 2.945 3.425 3.905

CM 0.811 1.055 1.291 1.527 2.009 2.495 2.981 3.459 3.935

CX 0.535 0.795 1.031 1.283 1.559 2.031 2.531 2.878 4.133

CY 0.511 0.771 1.007 1.259 1.535 1.968 2.468 2.838 4.055

AXL 1.104 1.452 1.687 2.154 2.581 3.200

ATHREAD 1.080 1.408 1.639 2.104

AFLO 1.191 1.536 1.728 2.203 2.703 3.314 4.310

BULTRA 1.201 1.546 1.786 2.261

57

Appendix


Code ½” ¾” 1” 1¼” 1½” 2” 2½” 3” 3½” 4”

BFLO 1.754 2.229 2.729 3.342 4.316

BLITE 1.093 1.438 1.672 2.147

BTHREAD 1.090 1.425 1.655 2.124

WTHREAD 1.087 1.416 1.650 2.117

WMLT 1.103 1.448 1.688 2.153

WFLO 1.530 1.740 2.215 2.707 3.316 4.316

WWLS 1.087 1.426 1.650 2.125

YTHREAD 1.095 1.420 1.653 2.116

YFLO 1.732 2.207 2.703 3.314 4.314

TS30 1.083 1.417 1.650 2.114


Code 5” 6” 8” 10” 12” 14” 16” 18” 20” 24”

S40 5.047 6.065 7.981 10.02 11.938 13.25 15.25 17.25 19.25 23.96

S10 5.295 6.357 8.249 10.37 12.09

S5 6.407

PVC 6.08 7.97 9.78 11.63

PVC200 5.84 7.66 9.40 11.18

PVC905 13.99 15.91 17.83 19.75 23.59

CDI 6.28 8.39 10.4 12.46 14.45 16.53 18.61 20.69 24.85

CDI51 6.22 8.33 10.34 12.40 14.39 16.47 18.55 20.63 24.79

CDI52 6.16 8.27 10.28 12.34 14.33 16.41 15.49 20.57 24.73

BSM 5.106 6.106

BSH 5.075 6.075

ENM 6.110

ENH 6.078

CA 4.838 5.791

CK 4.805 5.741 7.583 9.449

CL 4.875 5.845 7.725 9.625

CM 4.907 5.881 7.785 9.701

CX 5.118 6.102

Internal diameter in millimeters.

58

Appendix

Nominal Pipe Size (mm)

Code 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100

S40 15.8 21.0 26.6 35.1 40.9 52.5 62.7 77.9 90.1 102.3

S10 17.0 22.4 27.9 36.6 42.7 54.8 66.9 82.8 95.5 108.2

S5 30.1 38.9 45.0 57.0 68.8 84.7 97.4 110.1

CPVC 22.2 27.9 35.4 40.58 50.87 61.5 74.9

PVC 22.2 27.9 35.4 40.58 50.87 61.5 74.9 107.1

PVC200 103.1

PVC905

CDI 84.8 105.6

CDI51 84.8 105.6

CDI52 83.3 104.1

BSM 16.1 21.7 27.3 36.0 41.9 53.1 68.9 80.9 105.3

BSH 14.9 20.5 25.7 34.4 40.3 51.3 67.1 78.9 103.5

ENL2 22.05 27.7 36.4 42.3 53.5 69.2 81.1 105.45

ENM 21.7 27.35 36.05 41.95 53.05 68.75 80.75 105.05

ENH 20.5 25.75 34.45 40.35 51.25 66.95 78.75 103.25

CA 10.7 16.2 22.1 28.5 34.8 47.5 60.2 72.1 97.5

CK 18.9 25.3 31.6 37.6 49.8 61.8 73.8 86.0 98.0

CL 19.9 26.0 32.1 38.2 50.4 62.6 74.8 87.0 99.2

CM 20.6 26.8 32.8 38.8 51.0 63.4 75.7 87.9 99.9

CX 13.6 20.2 26.2 32.6 39.6 51.6 64.3 73.1 105.0

CY 13.0 19.6 25.6 32.0 39.0 50.0 62.7 72.1 103.0

AXL 28.0 36.9 42.8 54.7 65.5 81.2

ATHREAD 27.4 35.8 41.6 53.4

AFLO 30.3 39.0 43.9 56.0 68.7 84.2 109.5

BULTRA 30.51 39.27 45.36 57.43

BFLO 44.55 56.62 69.32 84.89 109.63

BLITE 27.76 36.53 42.47 54.53

BTHREAD 27.69 36.20 42.04 53.95

WTHREAD 27.60 35.96 41.91 53.77

WMLT 28.01 36.77 42.87 54.68

WFLO 38.86 44.19 56.26 68.75 84.22 109.62

WWLS 27.6 36.22 41.91 53.97

YTHREAD 27.81 36.06 41.98 53.74

59

Appendix


Code 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100

YFLO 43.99 56.05 68.65 84.17 109.57

TS30 27.5 36.0 41.9 53.7


Code 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600

S40 128.2 154.1 202.7 254.5 303.2 336.5 387.3 438.1 488.9 608.5

S10 134.5 161.5 209.5 263.4 307.0

S5 162.7

PVC 154.4 202.4 248.4 295.4

PVC200 148.3 194.5 238.7 283.9

PVC905 355.3 404.1 452.8 501.6 599.1

CDI 159.5 213.1 264.1 316.4 367.0 419.8 472.7 525.5 631.2

CDI51 158.0 211.5 262.6 314.9 365.5 418.3 471.1 524.0 629.6

CDI52 156.4 210.0 261.1 313.4 364.0 416.8 469.6 522.4 628.1

BSM 129.7 155.1

BSH 128.9 154.3

ENM 155.2

ENH 154.4

CA 122.9 147.1

CK 122.0 145.8 192.6 240.0

CL 123.8 148.5 196.2 244.5

CM 124.6 149.4 197.7 246.4

CX 130.0 155.0

60

Appendix

Modifying the Insert Menu

The insert menu is a great place to store commonly used commands for easy reuse. When you select an item from the insert menu one, or more, commands are placed in the TSHC Editor window at the cursor's location. But you aren't limited to the items Igneus Incorporated has provided. The insert menu may be modified to add the items and commands you commonly use.

The insert menu is defined by the file insert.txt located in the folder where TSHC was installed. Before making changes create a backup copy for safekeeping.

Since insert.txt is a plain text file, any text editor you are familiar with may be used to modify it. Double-click insert.txt to start your default text editor with insert.txt loaded.

All but one of the supported commands can be seen near the beginning of the insert.txt file. See the following table for a complete list.

61

Appendix

Command Description

SUB any textBegin a new sub menu. The new sub menu's label is any text. All following menu item definitions (NAME command) will be placed in the sub menu.

END End the sub menu created by the closest previous SUB command.

NAME any text Start a menu item definition. The menu item's label is any text.

HINT any textSet the menu item's hint text. Any text will also be inserted into the editor as a comment (“// any text”) when the menu item is selected.

SET var prompt

Display a data entry dialog box to the user. The prompt is displayed above an edit box. Whatever the user enters into the edit box will replace the text in each PUT command that matches var.

PUT TSHC commandDefine a TSHC command that will be inserted into the editor when the menu item is selected. When a SET command is used, matching text will be replaced by the user's input.

ENGLISH Assume command values are in U.S. units.

METRIC Assume command values are in metric units

Let's add a menu item that inserts a 1500 gpm at 100 psi fire pump. First move to the end of the insert.txt file. Then begin your own sub menu.

SUB My StuffStart the pump's menu item and define its' hint.

NAME Pump 1500 at 100 HINT 1500 gpm at 100 psi fire pump with 115% churn pressure

Now gather information about the pump's elevation and node names. SET x Enter elevation of fire pump: SET y Enter fire pump's input node name: SET z Enter fire pump's output node name:

Don't forget the actual TSHC pump command. PUT Pump y z x 115 1500 100 2250 65

We are done. Close the sub menu.END

62

Appendix

The end of the insert.txt file should now look similar to this. While the indenting is not required, indenting based upon your sub menu depth aids readability and is considered good practice.

Save the modified insert.txt file and restart The Simple Hydraulic Calculator. The insert menu should now contain your new sub menu.

Let us know your thoughts on the new customizable menu architecture! Send comments to [email protected]. Your views can help shape future additions to this feature.

63

mailto:[email protected]

Index

IndexCalculation Results Window...................19Commands..................................................

All.........................................................31Autopeak.......................................23, 39BFP................................................26, 37BP........................................................37Drop....................................................39English................................................48Flow...............................................21, 40HC.......................................................32Head....................................................32Line................................................21, 41LineElev........................................ 21, 42Main..............................................20, 43MainElev.................................21, 24, 44MainV..................................................45Metric..................................................48NC.......................................................33Node....................................................33NoVel..................................................48PC........................................................35Pipe.....................................................34Pump.................................................. 38Reduce.......................................... 23, 45RN.......................................................46TreeLeft.........................................25, 46TreeRight...................................... 25, 47Use...................................................... 35

Vel.................................................29, 49Water...................................................36//..........................................................31

Features.....................................................3LiveLook...............................................8Proposals..............................................8System Wizard......................................8

Fittings....................................................50Codes...................................................50equivalent lengths...............................51VB........................................................29VE........................................................29

Menu............................................................Edit........................................................7File.........................................................6Help......................................................11Insert..............................................11, 61Tools......................................................8Window................................................11

Pipe..............................................................Codes...................................................55Command........................................... 34Internal Diameters........................57, 58Material...............................................55Material Editor..................................... 9

Reports................................................6, 10Toolbar.....................................................12

64

Quick Reference Sheet

Quick Reference SheetCommand Parameters Description

// comment – line is ignored

ALL source calculation

BP pipe churn flow pressure [flow pressure...] place booster pump in a pipe

BFP pipe flow pressure [flow pressure...] model a backflow preventer

ENGLISH use imperial units – overrides default setting

Head node elevation min-discharge K define a node as a flowing sprinkler head

HC sourceNode copyNode [copyNode...] define a group of nodes the same as a previously defined head node

METRIC use metric units – overrides default setting

Node node elevation discharge min-pressure define a reference node

NC sourceNode copyNode [copyNode...] define a group of nodes the same as a previously defined reference node

NOVEL use total pressures - overrides default

Pipe name sNode eNode length size fittings define a pipe

PC sourceName copyName copySNode copyENode ... create new pipe(s) identical to previously defined pipe

PUMP inNode outNode elev churn flow pressure [flow ...] define a booster pump

USE pipeType c-factor pipe material to use for following commands

VEL use velocity pressures – overrides default

Water node elev static [flow residual...] define the water source

AutoPeak automatically find the remote area

DROP ceilingHeight size [armover length] pipe drops

FLOW left bottom right top minDischarge k-factor set flowing heads

Line #heads size startLength endLength spacing [spacing ...] create gridded branchlines

LineElev [+/-]startElev [[+/-]endElev] [offset [+/-]offsetElev] set branchline elevation

Main size #lines spacing xtraNode offset create crossmain

MainElev startElev [endElev] [offset offsetElev] set crossmain elevation

MainV Size #lines spacing [spacing ...] create crossmain

Reduce reduce piping / limit remote area search

RN size [size ...] set riser nipple size

TreeLeft #heads startLength size [length size ...] create deadend branchlines off first main

TreeRight #heads startLength size [length size ...] create deadend branchline off last main

65

tshc manual

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