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Inter J Nav Archit Oc Engng (2009) 1:64~69 http://dxd!i!rg/1024"# /IJNAOE $201%$000#

Unsteady flow around a two-dimensional section of a vertical axis

turbine for tidal stream energy conversion

Hyun Ju Jung1, Ju Hyun Lee2, Shin Hyung Rhee3, Museok Song4 and Beom-Soo Hyun5

1

Next E&' 'e!* +!rea

2 ,ept !- Nava* Architectre & Ocean Engineering 'e!* Nati!na* .niverit 'e!* +!rea% eearch Intitte !- arine 'te3 Engineering 'e!* Nati!na* .niverit 'e!* +!rea

4

,ept !- Nava* Architectre & Ocean Engineering !ngi5 .niverit J!chi!n 7hng$ Na3 +!rea

8,iv !- Nava* Architectre & Ocean 'te3 Engineering +!rea ariti3e .niverit an +!rea

ABSTRACT:he t!$di3eni!na* ntead -*! ar!nd a vertica* axi tr;ine -!r tida* trea3 energ c!nveri!n ainvetigated ing a c!3ptati!na* -*id dna3ic t!!* !*ving the en!*d$Averaged Navier$'t!5e e


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Correspondinemail:- shr@s

gauthor:Shinnu.ac.kr

Hyung Rhee

Inter J Nav Archit Oc Engng (2009) 1:64~69 68

+ig 1 S&hemati& *i&tue o ty*i&al H'T 6M"T7

"o*yight 8 299: So&iety o /a#al '&hite&ts o ;oea


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Inter J Nav Archit Oc Engng (2009) 1:64~69 66

)lades ee also studied, and it as ound that the tu)ineei&ien&y &an )e o*timied ith a *o*e &om)ination othese *aametes

The *esent *a*e is oganied as ollos The model*o)lem is *esented ne(t, and olloed )y the &om*utationalmethod used Then the &om*utational esults ae *esented

and dis&ussed +inally, &on&luding emaks ae made ith asummay

M0!L


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im*li&itly, and the multi-gid method as used to a&&eleatethe &on#egen&e The k-SST model 6Mente, 1::37 asado*ted o tu)ulen&e &losue 0n&e the steady lo solutionithout otating the tu)ine )lades as o)tained, the unsteadylo &om*utation as &ommen&ed )y tuning on the )ladeotation

The su)-domain o the otating tu)ine )lades assha*ed like a donut The non-mat&hing intea&e as deined

)eteen the otating su)-domain and stationay outesu)domain, and the sim*le linea inte*olation as used othe tansition o the solution though the intea&e +ig dis*lays the lo&ation o the )oundaies The inlet as deinedas a #elo&ity inlet, hi&h has &onstant inlo #elo&ity, hilethe outlet as set as a *essue outlet, ie, the *essue aske*t &onstant The #elo&ity at the outlet as detemined )ythe e(ta*olation om inside The no-sli* &ondition asa**lied on the tu)ine )lades, ie, set the elati#e #elo&ity o

)lades to eo

+ig Bounday &onditions

+ig E 0#eall #ie o the mesh

The mesh as geneated ith uadilateal &ells, e(&e*to the &ente o the otation, hee tiangula &ells eeused

Thee ee ou su)-domains in the &om*utational domainith 194299and 24194"&ells in the meshes o the 3- and4-)laded tu)ine simulations, es*e&ti#ely +ig E shos theo#eall #ie o the 4-)laded tu)ine mesh, and the oom-in#ie aound the otating su)-domains is dis*layed in +ig DThe &ells ee &on&entated nea the )lades, ith the a#eageall-nomal distan&e o@8 +ig : shos the &ells aound

the )lades

+ig D Rotating su)-domain mesh o 3- and 4-)laded tu)ine

+ig : Aid aound the )lade

R!SLTS '/ .S"SS.0/

' sim*le numei&al test as *eomed to #eiy theelia)ility o the &om*utational method and to detemine thenumei&al *aametes o the &om*utation The hydodynami&o&es a&ting on theNA7A68%$01#aioil in dieent angleso atta&k ee &om*uted The &hod length as set to 18243, a ty*i&al sie o a tidal steam tu)ine, and the&oes*onding &hod-)asedeas 6 3i**i!n The &on#egedsolution as o)tained ate a)out 1800iteations +igs 19 to12 sho the &om*aison o the &om*utational solutions ande(*eiment data 6'))ott et al, 1:5:$ Fuinn, 1:447 The&om*uted lit o&es 6+ig 197 and lit-to-dag atios 6+ig 117ae in good ageement ith the data at the angles o atta&k

)eteen -19and 19, hi&h is the nomal o*eating angeo the tu)ine )lades The dieen&e at lage angles o atta&kis deemed to )e due to the less a&&uately *edi&ted


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Inter J Nav Archit Oc Engng (2009) 1:64~69 6#

se*aation and *ossi)le lamina-to-tu)ulent tansitiono&&ued in e(*eiments, )ut not taken into a&&ount in the&om*utation +ig 12 shos the sua&e *essue &oei&ienton the hydooil at the angle o atta&k o 15 The&om*utational solutions and e(*eimental data ae ine(&ellent ageement

+ig 19 "om*aison o lit &oei&ients

+ig 11 "om*aison o lit-to-dag atio

6# Inter J Nav Archit Oc Engng (2009) 1:64~69

/o ith the &om*utational method #eiied o the)lade se&tion geomety, the 2 unsteady lo aound thetu)ine &oss se&tion ith otating )lades as simulated'te a)out 2000iteations ithout the otation o the tu)ine

)lades, the steady lo ield as de#elo*ed Then, the su)-domain as let s*in and the unsteady lo &om*utation as

*eomed The time ste* sie o 001se&ond as used ith#0 iteations *e time ste* The &om*utation as &ontinueduntil the sta)le *eiodi& solutions ee o)tained +ig 13shos a sna* shot o the *essue disti)ution The initial

*osition o the )lades is also dis*layed to hel* undestand the*hase o the *ati&ula instant

+ig 13 Ty*i&al *essue disti)ution


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+ig 14 Toue o dieent TSR 63-)laded tu)ine7

The sum o the toue on the )lades is shon o dieentTSR@s in +ig 14 63-)laded tu)ine7 and +ig 15 64-)ladedtu)ine7 Thee o ou &y&les ee e*eated in one otationde*ending on the num)e o )lades 's e(*e&ted, ithin&easing num)e o )lades, the ange o toue #aiationas edu&ed 'lthough the ma(imum instant toue is lageith the 3-)laded tu)ine, &ae should )e taken in &al&ulatingthe a#eage ei&ien&y )e&ause thee a**eas negati#e toueo&&ued at &etain instants 'lso note in +igs 14 and 15 thatthee is an in&easing *hase lag ith in&easing num)e o

)lades .n ode to ma(imie the tu)ine ei&ien&y, the&om)ination o the num)e o )lades and TSR needs to )e&aeully &onsideed in the initial design stage

+ig 15 Toue o dieent TSR 64-)laded tu)ine7

The shat *oe is deined as ! 617, ie, the timea#eage o the toue times the angula #elo&ity o one

*eiod The *oe &oei&ient 67p7 in ! 627 is the atio o thea#eage shat *oe to the lo kineti& enegy *e unit timethough the *oGe&ted aea o the tu)ine

= 617

6> shat *oe, > angula #elo&ity, > a#eaged toue7

627

7p = =

1 2 !>3 !> 62>72

The *oe &oei&ients, in othe ods, the ei&ien&y oall the &om*uted &ases ae shon in +ig 1 The ma(imumei&ien&y is a**eaed to )e o)tained aound TSR o 28ith

)oth the 3-)laded and 4-)laded tu)ines 'lthough the o#eallei&ien&y is highe ith the 3-)laded tu)ine, in the lo TSRange, the 4-)laded tu)ine shos )ette and moe sta)le

*eoman&e 's mentioned a)o#e, the ei&ien&y isinluen&ed )y )oth the num)e o )lades and TSR, andthee)y these #aia)les must )e sele&ted ith s*e&ial &ae

+ig 1


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Inter J Nav Archit Oc Engng (2009) 1:64~69 "0

"0/"LS.0/S

The 2 unsteady lo analysis o a %'T &oss se&tionith i(ed-*it&h thee o ou )lades as *eomed using anunsteady R'/S method +istly, the hydodynami& o&esa&ting on the NA7A68%$01# aioil in dieent angles o

atta&k ee &om*uted and the esults ee &om*aed ithe(*eimental data By em*loying the sliding mesh method,the unsteady lo ield aound a %'T ith otating )ladesas simulated .t is &onimed that a *o*e &om)ination othe num)e o )lades and TSR is essential o the o*timumei&ien&y o the tu)ine The ma(imum ei&ien&y o thesim*liied 2 model as o)tained at TSR o 28 The ee&tso *it&h angle and )lade ske ae *lanned to )e in#estigatedas utue ok

'";/0CL!AM!/TS

This study as s*onsoed )y the Ministy o ;noledge!&onomy though uand, C +, ed1:3Aer!dna3ic he!r ... .%, i#ision L, /e=ok> o#e

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