TURBINES

NAME: MAHREEN ABRO

L-14CE-16

A machine for producing continuous power in which a wheel or rotator typically fitted with vanes. Is made to revolve by a fast moving flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other fluid and converts it into useful work.

ORTurbines convert the kinetic energy of a moving fluid or gas into rotational energy that can be used to drive a dynamo and generate electricity usually the source of kinetic energy is steam, although it can sometimes be water.

WHAT IS TURBINES ?

The working principle is very much simple.

1. When the fluid strikes the blades of the turbine, the blades are displaced, which produce rotational energy.2. When the turbine shaft is directly coupled to an electric generator mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.3. This electrical power is known as hydroelectric power.

WORKING PRINCIPLE:

1. Wind turbine2. Steam turbine3. Gas turbine4. Water turbine

Although the same principles apply to all turbine their specific designs differ sufficiently to merit separate descriptions.

BASIC TYPES OF TURBINE:

A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into electrical power.Conventional horizontal axis turbines can be divided into three components:

1. The rotator component 2. The generator component3. The structural support component

WIND TURBINE :

Wind Turbine

- A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses into do mechanical work on a rotating output shafts.

- Steam turbines are used for the generation of electricity in thermal power plants, such as plants using coal fuels oil or nuclear fuel.

STEAM TURBINE:

Open steam turbine

A gas turbine is also called a combustion turbine, is a type of internal combustion engine.

- Fresh atmospheric air flows through a compressor that brings it to higher pressure.

- Energy is then added by spraying fuel into the air and igniting it so the combustion generates a high-temperature flow.

- These are used to power aircrafts, trains, ships, electrical generators or even tanks.

GAS TURBINE :

GAS TURBINE

Water turbine is divided in following turbines:

- Impulse turbine- Reaction turbine

WATER TURBINE

- In an impulse turbine, fast moving fluid is fired through a narrow nozzle at the turbines blades to make them spin around.

- The blades of an impulse turbines are usually bucket shaped so they catch the fluid and direct it off at an angle.

- In an impulse turbine, the fluid is forced to hit the turbine at high speed.

IMPULSE TURBINES

- In a reaction turbine, forces driving the rotor are achieved by the reaction of an accelerating water flow in the runner while the pressure drops. The reaction principle can be observed in a rotary lawn sprinkler where the emerging jet drives the rotor in the opposite direction.

REACTION TURBINES

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- In reaction turbine torque developed by reacting to the fluid’s pressure. The pressure of the fluid changes as it passes through the turbine rotor blades.

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