tutorial at ieee wf-iot dec. 2016 - five years of research and innovation experience in iot

FiveYearsofResearchandInnovationExperienceinIoT

Lessonslearnt,DOsandDON’Ts

14th December2016

IEEEWF-IOTWinterAcademyonInternetofThings

RaffaeleGiaffreda

ChiefIoT Scientist

Twitter:@giaffred

outline

•alayeredperspectiveonIoT challenges

• focusonsomekeyresearch/businessareas

•turningresearchintoconcretesolutions

•arewereadyforbusiness?

WHO AM I ?

• ChiefIoTScientist- CREATE-NET,Italy• 20yrsexperienceinthetelecomdomain:BTandTelecomItalia

• largeprojects,patentholder,publicspeaking• >5mEurfundingacquisition

• IEEEIoTnewslettereditor-in-chief

• MSc, TelecomsEngineering,UniversityCollegeLondon,U.ofLondon

• MSc,ElectronicEngineering, OpticalTelecommunicationSystems,PolitecnicodiTorino

4

Aboutme

InformationDigitalWorldRealWorldof“information”

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

101101001010001011100101101100010011

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100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

101101001010001011100101101100010011

110101101010001010100101101100010001

101001101010001010100101101100010000101101001010001011

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

100101101100010011110101101010001010100101101100010001101001101010001010100101101100010000

RealWorld DigitalWorld

100101101100010011

110101101010001010

100101101100010001

101001101010001010

100101101100010000

101101001010001011

100101101100010011

110101101010001010

100101101100010001

101001101010001010

100101101100010000

101101001010001011

THEIOTENABLER

havingsomething tosay…

SENSORS COMMSEMBED’D

SYSTEMSPROTOC’S

DATA

STRUCT’SPLATF’S

transistordensity/space efficiency

Turing’sPilotACE:Automatic

ComputingEngine

TINY

CHEAP

LOWPOWER

Internetof***things

noisythings

vehicles

smellythings

radioactivethings

underwaterthings

nano things

floating things

tastythings

“delle cose belle”

…

RESEARCHCHALLENGES…

MEMS(Micro-Electro-MechanicalSystems)– seeFBKJ

nanotechnology

intrabody sensingforhealthcareapplications

highergranularityinspectrumofsensedentities dotdotdot

nodoubtwecansense/producedigitaldatafromourrealworld

RealWorld DigitalWorld

100101101100010011

110101101010001010

100101101100010001

101001101010001010

100101101100010000

101101001010001011

100101101100010011

110101101010001010

100101101100010001

101001101010001010

100101101100010000

101101001010001011

�

givingvoicetoyourthoughts…

SENSORS COMMSEMBED’D

SYSTEMSPROTOC’S

DATA

STRUCT’SPLATF’S

�

Cent

MegaHertz

KiloByte

courtesyofMattia Antonini

ConstrainedNodes(IETFclassification)

Data (RAM) Code (ROM)

Class0(Tooconstrained)

<<10KB <<100KB

Class1(Quiteconstrained)

~10KB ~100KB

Class2(Notsoconstrained)

~ 50KB ~250KB


IoCT OSesFeatures

• Real-TimeOs

• FullIPv6Stack•Multi-hopssupport

•Multitasking

• PowerManagement

• Application-agnostic

RTOSKernel

I/O

Management

Task

Management

Memory

Management

Interrupt&

Event

Handling

Timer

Management

Synchronizati

on &

Communicatio

n


6LoWPANRPL

IPv6UDPCoAP

CBOR

Flexible

MemoryManagement

High resolution

timersMulti-Threading

Multi-platform8– 16– 32bits


RESEARCHCHALLENGES

• …gettingmoreandmorecrammedintoRTOS…

• energyefficiency• size

makingsureonecanhearanother…

SENSORS COMMS PROTOC’SDATA

STRUCT’SPLATF’S

�

EMBED’D

SYSTEMS

�

bandwidth/spectral efficiency

Thephysics…

• Radiosignalattenuationproportionaltofrequency• Longerwavelength,longerrange• Sub-1GHzband• robustandreliablecommunicationwithlow-powerbudgets

• bandwidthlimitation

• Modulationtechniques

• (U)NBvs.SpreadSpectrum

wirelesstechnologiesforM2M“horsesforcourses…”

LoRa™ Alliance White Paper © Mobile Experts, 2015

BLE– BluetoothLowEnergy

LPWA– LowPowerWideArea

RPMA– RandomPhaseMultipleAccess

indoor coverage,lowcost,longbatterylifeandlargenumberofdevices(>10KperAP)

trendycomms forIoT:LPWANs

• LoRa (nonmanaged)

• SIGFOX(managedservices)

• VodafoneandHuawei(NB-IOT– 3GPPLTEstandard)

Areasonablywelldesignedtechnology

different spreadingfactors

(12)fordifferentdatarates

LoRa WIDECOVERAGE

noteveryhumanbeingrunsa asfastasUsainBolt!

LORATRENTO– WORKINPROGRESS

LoRa basicfeatures

• 868MHz

• 125KHzchannel• 250bps– typical• non-managed

• startopology,thousandsofnodes/gateway• LoRaWAN L2protocolfornetworking(security,duplicationetc.)

SIGFOX

• UNB– 100Hz• 12bytespermessage

• 140messagesperdaymax(ISMbandsregulation,1%dutycycle)

• 100bps• 2-waycommunication

• veryhighpowerefficiency• 1Eur /year

NB-IoT

• thetelcooperators’bet• 3GPPLTE• announcement

• piggybackingexistinginfrastructure• low-costtodeploy,widecoverage,but• subscriptionbased,qualityleague• Prototypesexistbutnocommercialhardware/deploymentsyet

5Ganyone?

• issueoflatency• tactileinternetscenarios• bandwidth…

• but…notonlyradiotechnologies

• 5Gisnotjustaboutspeed andmoreflexiblenetworks!• 5Gisabouthavingabettermobilenetworkthatcanleadtoimproved/futuristicapplicationsmartscenarios• 5Gwillinfactleverageon:• Virtualised/programmablehighspeeddynamicaccess&transportnetworks

• DecreasedlatencythankstoMobileEdge/Fogcomputing(TactileInternet,EnhancedVirtualReality,Telerobotics,…)

• SecureandinteroperableIoTinfrastructuresforahugevarietyofSmartScenarios(Industry4.0,SmartCities,ConnectedCars,…)

thingstorememberabout5G…

34

RESEARCHCHALLENGES?

• cheaper• energyefficient• longerrange• higherbandwidth• lowlatency• …• somelittleextras(positioning)

don’t speakallatthesametime…

SENSORS PROTOC’SDATA

STRUCT’SPLATF’S

�

EMBED’D

SYSTEMS

�

COMMS

�

6LowPAN,CoAP,MQTTetc.protocoladaptations tooptimise theuseofwireless,lowpower,limitedprocpower…

THISISABOUTGETTINGTHEMOSTOUTOFTHECOMMMEDIUMTCPtooptimise useof“BestEffortInternet”…

…anexamplefromZ-Wave,

homeautomationprotocol…

ResearchChallenges

5G(?)forTactileInternetreducinglatencybelowms

understanding thecontents…

SENSORSDATA

STRUCT’SPLATF’S

�

EMBED’D

SYSTEMS

�

COMMS

� �

PROTOC’S

…preparinggathereddatatobeexploitedbytheapplication…

Fromstandardstobespokedatastructures

• developapplicationsonce,deploymanytimes

• noadditionalcodingforaddingnewsensors…providedtheyallsingfromthesamestandardsheet

• aboutsemanticinteroperability

theUNCAPexamplechan

nel

stream

Timestamp

POSIT’N

Timestamp

MEASURM’S

Timestamp

ALARMS

Payload

"properties": {"blood_glucose": {

"allOf": [{

"$ref": "#/definitions/unit_value”},{

"properties": {"unit": {

"enum": ["mg/dL","mmol/L”

]}

}}

]}

i.e.locationstream

x,y,z channels

Researchchallenges

RESEARCHCHALLENGES…

easylearningbooks…

SENSORS PLATF’S

�

EMBED’D

SYSTEMS

�

COMMS

� �

PROTOC’SDATA

STRUCT’S

�

whatisaplatform?

• acomprehensive(software)offerofservicesthatputstogetheramixofwhatpresentedsofar

• mainpurposeforIoT platformsistoprovidemoreorlessautomatedfeaturesthathelpeasilycreateapplicationsthatexploitdataforapurpose

InthecaseofIoT aplatformwillconsistof…

source:IoT Analytics

doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2016.03.015

…thisisalsowhereitstartstogetmorecrowded!

OpensourcePaaSvs.SaaS

Security

Discovery

Remotemanagement

Interoperability

Supported standards

whatmakesaplatformagoodone?

whosechestnutsdowepulloutofthefire?

Facebook Platform open API made it possible for third-party developers to create applications.

src:http://www.digitaltrends.com/features/the-history-of-social-networking/

AppleStore AndroidGooglePlay

Softwareadvances(Hardwareenablers)

touchscreens

tablets/smartphones

mobilecomputing

Rather than offering a comprehensive social networking experience like the now-defunct Myspace and the struggling Google+, they instead specialize in a specific kind of interaction service that involves the sharing of public images (Instagram), the private sharing of images sharing (Snapchat), augmented reality (Foursquare), and location-based matchmaking (Tinder). People essentially use the various services in conjunction with other platforms to build a comprehensive, digital identity.

whatisthetarget?easeofuseforitsintendedaudience!!!

abilitytotinkerandpersonalise it!!!!

contextualbackgroundawareness…

amorecomprehensivepicture

• IoT andCloud(infrastructure)• IndustrialIoT (specificsegment)

• CognitiveIoT (data)• SecureIoT

SENSORS

PLATF’S

EMBED’D

SYSTEMS

COMMS

PROTOC’S

DATA

STRUCT’S

IoT &

Cloud

Secure

IoT

Industrial

IoT

Cognitive

IoT

IOTPLATFORMASASERVICE

IoT &

Cloud

Secure

IoT

Industrial

IoT

Cognitive

IoT

ImproveIoT throughCloud

• constraineddevices

• limitedprocessingpower

• limitedbatterypower

• limitednetworking

• limitedstorage

• limitedsupportforscalableapplications

• advancesincloudcomputing(edge/fogcomputing,containers,micro-services)

constrainedtounconstrainedoffload,separatingconcerns…

twoCREATE-NETexamples

IntegrationAPI

Raptorbo

x

Problemaddressed

• ChallengesforintegrationofIoT devicesintoexistingproduct/serviceportfolio:• ComplexityofintegrationofheterogeneousIoT devicesintoanexistinginfrastructure:• InteractionwithIoT devices(deviceidentification,protocolhandling)

• Security:securecommunication,deviceanddataaccesscontrol

• Scalability:• FromfewdevicesintrialphasetomassivedeploymentofIoT connecteddevices

• Howtoperformrapidprototypingtoaddressfastbusinessandtechvalidationcyclesandfastdelivery

ServiceBus

EnterpriseSystems

Deviceintegrationandmanagementmadeeasy,inasecure,scalable,configurableway

courtesyofFabioAntonelli

Oursolution

u DeviceVirtualization:

u CommonDeviceModeling(“WebofThings”paradigm)

u IoTMessageBrokering:

u Scalabilitybydesign

u Multiprotocolsupport (http/https,MQTT,JMS,AMQP)

u Datachaching forreal-timeeventprocessingandquerying

u ConfigureyourBusinessLogicforRapidIoTApplicationPrototyping(DataandeventsworkflowEditor)

u FlexibleAccessControl&Authorization(ACLs)fordevicesandusers

u SecureCommunicationandInteractionwithdevices

u EasyIntegrationviaAPIs exposingallavailablecapabilties


IntegrationAPIRa

ptorbo

xServiceBus

EnterpriseSystems

theRaptorbox IoT DataBroker

COMMUNICATIONS

SENSING

GOODDATA

VALUEGENERATION

ROUTING

FILTERING

themoreIunderstand thedata,

thebettervalueIcanprovide…

AGGREGATING

INTERPRETING

VALUE

PROCESSINGlow high

low

high

storesignificantdata…

Payload


"allOf": [{




]}

}}

]}

“literate”

(relevantplugins/libraries)

Raptorbox IoT

DataBroker

higherprocessingbut…

savestoragespace

facilitateinterpretation

savenetworkuse

“allbloodglucoselevelsaboveathreshold”

Raptorbox target

• systemintegratorsmainly

• focusoncoreserviceprovisioningcompetenceswhileexploitinginteroperableplatformforenrichingthosewithinteroperableIoT dataharvesting

• examples:SMEsdigitalisation support,smartcities,e-health

IntegrationAPI

Raptorbo

x

ServiceBus

EnterpriseSystems

WAZIUPPlatform

TheEU-AFRICAWAZIUPplatform(Actorview)

App.Development

App.Deploy

Sensor registration

App.Execution

Developer

Sensorowner

Appuser

ThirdpartyAPI

integration

Dataprovider

courtesyofCorentin Dupont

App source code

data processing &

analyticsIoT PF IoT sensors

Architecture

courtesyofCorentin Dupont

WAZIUPtarget

• Africancommunityofdevelopers

• focusoncorecompetenceswhileexploitingready-to-useopen-sourcetoolsandcomponentstocaterfortheneedsofAfricanbusinesses

• examples:fishfarming,precisionagriculture,cattlerustlingetc.

App source code

data processing &

analyticsIoT PF IoT sensors

researchchallenges

Dynamic instantiationofIoTfunctions (microservices) onedgecloudinfrastructure

Cloud4IoT,D.Pizzolli etal.

SettingthescenesonIndustrialIoT

IoT &

Cloud

Secure

IoT

Industrial

IoT

Cognitive

IoT

�

ImageCredit:TheIndustrialInternetConsortium– April2015Infographic

TREND:we cansenseandtransmitmore

andmoreefficiently

whydowewanttodothatinanindustrialcontext?

recentnews…

• softwareindustry• appliance/electronics• “SAPandBoschteamuponInternetofThings”

• …Thetechnology,forexample,allowsaproductionsystemtoselectthetorqueforeachscrewdriver'stask,increasingefficiency ...

• wow...whatdoesittaketotightenascrew?

• howmuchtorquetoapplywhen?whataboutreplacingthescrewdriver?whataboutensuringitistherightoneforthetypeofscrews?

• sensingsystemandanactuator...pluscontextualknowledgeabouttypeofscrew,screwpitchandsize,material(pre-sales)...datacollection,interpretation(after-sales)

enhanceaparticulartask

integration,know-how


Raccoltadati

Descriptivewhathappened?

Diagnosticwhydidithappen?

Predictivewhatwillhappen?

PreventivewhatshouldIdo?

DecisionActuation

Decisionsupport

Decisionautomation

humaninputrequiredanalytics

TREND:servitization

(sell&forgetvs.sellandassist)


allwell,but…

• needreliabletechnology• sensingandcommunications• security,dependability,servitization• (pre-sales/after-sales)

• needperformance• data-processingandedgecloud

• needcompetences(choice,integration,deployment)• infrastructure

• choiceoftechnologies

• interfacebetweenstandards

• middleware• flexiblearchitectures


• servicesandapplications• whatknowledgedowewant toextractfromdata?


• needtechnologists+domainexperts,workingsidebyside


needreliabletechnology

• (sensing)– whattosense,size,durability,etc.• securelygettingdataoutofsensorstotheapplications• whatoptionsforyourproductionplant,assemblyline,deploymentenvironment…

• 5Gisakeyenabler• reliablecommunications/protocols

• energyefficiency• shortround-tripdelays• NB-IoT vs.Sigfox vs.LoRa

needperformance

appsense sense appprocess

vs.

edgecloud/fogcomputing

needcompetences

• know-how!• infrastructure• choiceoftechnologies• interfacebetweenstandards

• middleware• flexiblearchitectures• interfacebetweenstandards

• servicesandapplications• domainexperts+technologists

• solutiondesign

integration,know-how

Advantagesof4th industrialrevolution

• digitalisation ofproductionprocess

• digitalisation ofproduct

• monitoringduringandafterproduction

• azienda manifatturiera acquisirà componente dasoftwarehouse

• “justintime”production– withmanagementofstock,stores,productionvaluechain

• productspersonalisation• reducedproductionandfinalproductcosts– competition

• newbusinessmodelstiedtoservitisation

BREAKTIME?

MAKINGSENSEOFHARVESTEDIOTDATA

IoT &

Cloud

Secure

IoT

Industrial

IoT

Cognitive

IoT

� �

http://waitbutwhy.com/2015/01/artificial-intelligence-revolution-1.html

TEDTalkonAI

• https://www.ted.com/talks/sam_harris_can_we_build_ai_without_losing_control_over_it

• https://www.ted.com/talks/jeremy_howard_the_wonderful_and_terrifying_implications_of_computers_that_can_learn

• dave evans https://youtu.be/UQi9B7yB5dM (beginningofitsizeofsensing+computing)phoneprocessingpowerinabloodred-cell…

• deeplearning:computercansee(10min30)alsotheyseewhatwecannot(heartratefromimage...),computercanread

unlockingahugepotential

data

data

data data

data

data data

data

data

datadata

data

data

data

H/W

presence

patternsexist...

SENSIN

G

datagoldmine

andlotsof

siloed

applications

presence

derive patternsof...

interpretdata

Extractingknowledgefromdata– domainexpertmodeling…• manybespokemachine-learningapplicationsexist

• however,stillsubstantialoverheadneeded• smart-agricultureexample• domainexpertmodelsneedtoassistmachinelearningexpertstohelpthemdesignalgorithmsthat,basedoncollecteddata,canactuateaccordingtomodelexpectations

• sometimesmodelsneedtobecreatedthroughobservation(lengthyprocess)

• inbothcases,alotofvalidationdataisneededtotrainandtweakalgorithms

• nowideapplicability,nogeneralpurposemachinelearning…

• experiencefromiCore EUcollaborativeproject

howcognitive technologiesandIoT canbeleveragedupontooptimise networkresourceusageinasmart-city securitymonitoringapplication

AlcatelLucentBellLabs/Thales

courtesyofMarcRoelands

Illustration by Justin Metz

applicable inallscenariosexposinghighlystructureddata

theemergenceofunsupervisedlearning…

(+advancesinedgecloudcomputing)

SECURITYANDPRIVACYINIOT

IoT &

Cloud

Secure

IoT

Industrial

IoT

Cognitive

IoT

� � �

IoT andSecurity

https://www.pentestpartners.com/blog/new-wi-fi-kettle-same-old-security-issues-meh/

MIRAIDDOSATTACK– October2016

manylevelsofsecurity

• dataencryptionattransmissionlevel

• dataencryptionatstoragelevel• policy-basedaccesscontrol• anonymise data

• etc.

• IoT andblockchains…(enablesecureandloggedexchangeofIoTmessages)

AddedValueforIoT

• TrustandReputationofIoTdevices:• Non-RepudiableDeviceIdentity

• Securityenforcementattheedge

• SecureTraceabilityofTransactionsandofInformation:• infinancialtransactions,supplychains,andotherprocessesinvolvinginvolvingIoTdevices

• transparency,auditabilitywithouttheneedtoleverageon3rd partytrustedentities

• Makeconsumerdatamoreprivate

• MoreResiliency:• Nosinglepointoffailure

• IoTdevicescanautonomouslyinteractwithhumansandotherIoTdevices:• includingcapabilitiestoperformautomaticpayments/valueexchangetracking(digitalcurrencies)


SENSORS

PLATF’S

EMBED’D

SYSTEMS

COMMS

PROTOC’S

DATA

STRUCT’S

IoT &

Cloud

Secure

IoT

Industrial

IoT

Cognitive

IoT

� � � �

IOTSYSTEMINTEGRATIONCHALLENGES

transformingresearchideasintoconcretesolutions

•marketneed:remotemonitoringofelderlyandcognitivelyimpairedpeople(throughwearables,indoorlocationetc.)

EUH2020InnovationActioninanutshell

Standardised Interfacingto

wearables /monitoring

Commonservices

acrosspilots

Applications tocarers

Applications to

patients

Monitoring

Overallarchitecture

! ! ! ! ! !!

! ! ! ! ! !UNCAP!BOX!!

!

!

!

!

User’s!clinical!data!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

UNCAP!BOX!core!

(incl.!seman9c!proxy)!UNCAP!end>

user!end!point!

UNCAP!

caregivers!end!

point!

Smart!flooring!

–!based!

localisa9on!

Biometric!

sensors!Camera!based!

localisa9on!

ZigBee!

localisa9on!Other…!

Local!DB!

(configura9on)!

Wearable!

sensors!

Other!…!

Interoperable!channels!(HL7!/!CDA!/!

SensorThings)!over!secure!connec9onx!

UNCAP!services!

in!the!cloud!Outer&world&

Value!added!services!

from!3°!par9es!

Public!health!IT!services!

(based!on!standards)!

Proprietary!!

data!format!

Loca9on!

Connectors!

Sensor!

Connectors!

Home&or&&protected&&

environment&

Loca9on!informa9on!!!(users!&objects)!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

Interoperable!

channels!!

Standardised Interfacingto

wearables /monitoring

Commonservices

acrosspilots

Applications

Monitoring

TheIoT InteroperabilityProblem• TechnicalInteroperability

• abilitytocommunicatebetweenobjectsorbetweenobjectsandapps

• Needfora“Multi-protocolIoT hub”

• SyntacticalInteroperability

• aboutdataformats,i.e.xml,html,json

• SemanticInteroperability

• todowithresourceannotation,queryanddiscovery(i.e.semantic-based)

• ontologieshelpwithcommonvocabularyandknowledgesharing

TheSMEsrealworldproblem…

• “semanticwhat?”

• understandscalability,RESTFULAPIexposedservices• understandtheneedtoimplementaccesscontrolandsafestorage

• useofIoT DataBrokercloud-basedplatform

UNCAPSoftwareBetaRelease

Data

Broker

Cognitive

and

Physical

Clinical

Assess

Location Fencing

Usr

Mgmt

Auth and

Login

Storage

PHR

SysLog

CEP

CommCache,

Sync&

Dispatch

Device

Index

Data

Broker

Data

Buffer

Location

Video

Camera

Glucometer

SensFloor

HeartRate

Pulse

Oximeter

Blood

Pressure

UNCAP

WebApp

Scale

BLE

devices

Medical

Reminders Billing

iHealth

�

�

Secure,PermanentStorage

IoT DataBroker(cloud)

datasourcesdatasourcesdatasources

datasourcesdatasourcesdatasources

IoT DataBroker

(gateway)

IoT data(direct)

IoT data(viagateway)

CEP,dataprocessing

accesscontrol

MQTT,STOMP,CoAP,

REST,WebSockets

OAUTH

eHealthscenariointegrationOpenmHealth standard

Offline functionality

validatedfor

DBintegration(CHINO)

Node-redbasedrapid

prototyping forbusiness

logic

deployment onboth,

largeandsmallscale

IntegrationAPI

Raptorbo

x

Problemaddressed

• ChallengesforintegrationofIoT devicesintoexistingproduct/serviceportfolio:• ComplexityofintegrationofheterogeneousIoT devicesintoanexistinginfrastructure:• InteractionwithIoT devices(deviceidentification,protocolhandling)

• Security:securecommunication,deviceanddataaccesscontrol

• Scalability:• FromfewdevicesintrialphasetomassivedeploymentofIoT connecteddevices

• Howtoperformrapidprototypingtoaddressfastbusinessandtechvalidationcyclesandfastdelivery

ServiceBus

EnterpriseSystems

Deviceintegrationandmanagementmadeeasy,inasecure,scalable,configurableway

applyingtheresultsofaprojecttosolveaconcreteproblem

chan

nel

stream

Timestamp

POSIT’N

Timestamp

MEASURM’S

Timestamp

ALARMS

i.e.locationstream

x,y,z channels

• OpenmHealth compliance

• “payload”tocarryJSONstructures,but…

• Valueisinsomeoneelse’shands

• Decidedtoaccommodatemoredetailedstructures

• parsing,searching,filteringbythresholdsetc.

theUNCAPexamplechan

nel

stream

Timestamp

POSIT’N

Timestamp

MEASURM’S

Timestamp

ALARMS

Payload


"allOf": [{




]}

}}

]}

i.e.locationstream

x,y,z channels

IntegrationAPIRa

ptorbo

xServiceBus

EnterpriseSystems

theRaptorbox IoT DataBroker

COMMUNICATIONS

SENSING

GOODDATA

VALUEGENERATION

ROUTING

FILTERING

themoreIunderstand thedata,

thebettervalueIcanprovide…

AGGREGATING

INTERPRETING

VALUE

PROCESSINGlow high

low

high

choicesmade

• web-of-things(W3C)compliance

• JSONdatastructurenativeforbettervaluecreation

Securingaccesstodatastreams

IoT DataBrokerdatasources

datasourcesdatasources IoT data

upload

usr_ID

sess_KEY

dataTYPE,VALUE,etc.

UserMgmt

sess_KEY

LOGIN(usr_ID,pwd)

sess_KEY

UNCAPWebapp

usr_ID,

nok_ID,

Dr1_ID,

Dr2_ID

sess_KEYßà usr_ID ?

1.

2.

3.

CREATE(sess_KEYßà usr_ID)

4.

5.

6.

7.

usr_ID

nok_ID

Dr1_ID

Dr2_ID

PUB/SUB

CHANNELS

8.

outline

•alayeredperspectiveonIoT challenges

• focusonsomekeyresearch/businessareas

•turningresearchintoconcretesolutions

•arewereadyforbusiness?

�

�

�

THEBUSINESSOFIOT

WHYISN’THAPPENINGYET?

whereistheIoT?

• nobroadsetofapplicationsencompassing“oneIoT”

• withmobilephonesandpersonalcomputersitwaseasier

• IoT devicesverydiverse,yetwetendtoblurboundaries• losingabilitytotackleseparatelydifferentmarkets

DISCLAIMER:nobusinessexpertbuthavematuredinsightsintothebusinessofIoT thatmightbeusefultoshare

AllIoT examplesbut…

smartlocks

thermostats

lights

health

“Home”

powerOK

costsLOW

“industrial”

powerLOW

costsNoconstraints

SOMEKEYQUESTIONS

•whatbusinessmodel?

• isthisworthxEur/month…• tome?

• tomyintendedmarketaudience?

• tomypublicadministration?

Returnoninvestment(ROI)• EXAMPLE1

• Ispenda$tobuyabottleofwaterbecauseIamthirsty

• the(immediate)need=Iamthirsty

• whobenefits?=me(private)

• willingnesstopayforit=Ineeditbadly• whendoIbenefit=assoonasIgetmybottle

• Imakean(private)investment,thebenefitisimmediate• VERYSHORTCYCLE,TANGIBLE,UNAMBIGUOUS,CONCRETE

B2C• EXAMPLE1.b

• Ispend$tobuyaniPhone• the(immediate)need=Ineedacooldevice

• whobenefits?=me(private)

• willingnesstopayforit=candocoolthingswithit

• whendoIbenefit=assoonasIgetit• Imakean(private)investment,thebenefitisimmediate• VERYSHORTCYCLE,TANGIBLE,UNAMBIGUOUS,CONCRETE

locationiskey– boothnexttoafountain? “coolness”iskey– no“cheaplook”please…

IDENTIFYYOURPOTENTIALMARKETTARGET…

Returnoninvestment(ROI)

• EXAMPLE2

• Ispendmoney tomakemyhouseenergyefficient

• the(notsoimmediate)need=Ineedtosavemoneyonmyenergybills

• the(good foracommoncause)need=Ineedtomakemylifemoresustainable

• whobenefits?=me(private),theenvironment

• willingness topayforit=Ineedit(not sobadly), theenvironmentneedsit(notsobadly)

• TIMEDIMENSION

• whendoIbenefit=afterIpaidthebillsforneededequipmentwiththemoneyIsaved

• Imakeaninvestment,thebenefitmightbeforsomeoneelseornotmaterialise until later• LONG-ISHCYCLE,TANGIBLE,UNAMBIGUOUS,CONCRETEBUT…

B2G2CB2C• EXAMPLE2.b

• smart-lighting

• the(notsoimmediate)need=Ineedtosavemoneyonmyenergybills

• the(good foracommoncause)need=Ineedtomakemycitymoresustainable

• whobenefits?=theenvironment

• willingness topayforit=thecitybalancesheetneedsit(inacoupleofyears,not sobadly), theenvironmentneedsit(not sobadly)

• TIMEDIMENSION

• whendoIbenefit=afterIpaidthebillsforneededequipmentwiththemoneyIsaved

• Imakeaninvestment,thebenefitmightbeforsomeoneelseormaterialise whenitistoolate

• LONG-ISHCYCLE,TANGIBLE,UNAMBIGUOUS,CONCRETEBUT…

Returnoninvestment(ROI)

• EXAMPLE3

• IhaveabusinessandIwanttodigitilise it• spendmoneytomakemyproductionprocessmoremodernandefficient…

• the(notsoimmediate)need=Ineedtogaincompetitiveadvantage

• the(goodforacommoncause)need=Ineedtogaininsightsintomybusinessoperations

• whobenefits?=mybiz(private)

• willingnesstopayforit=Ineedit(notsobadly),long-termgains

• TIMEDIMENSION

• whendoIbenefit=assoonasIaminapositiontotransformgathereddataintodifferentialadvantagethatdrivesmorecustomerstobuywhatIsellorreducesoperatingcostsetc.

• Imakeaninvestment,thebenefitisnotimmediateanddependsonaproperstrategy• LONGCYCLE,UNTANGIBLE

B2B2C

Thevalue(anddiversity)ofdata• theimportanceofbespokemodeling– multi-disciplinarity andadjacentdomainexpertsinteractions

• cyclesoflearning(modeling)beforeIcanbepredictiveandevenlongerbeforeIcanbeprescriptive…

• sensingandinfluenceonresults...• ISITWORTHIT?

Example:motorsmanufacturing biz

vibration, current,torque

MTBF:60000hours(!)

Raccoltadati




PreventivewhatshouldIdo?

DecisionActuation

Decisionsupport

Decisionautomation

humaninputrequiredanalytics

theROICYCLE

marketsegmentation

ROI

COSTS

IMPACT

B2C

B2B

B2B2G

SHORT LONG

LOW

LOW

HIGH

HIGH




Preventivehowtoavoidit?

buildhindsight

whatinsight

doIneed?

foresightand

optimise

Time

complexity

potentialgains

CaliforniaUStrip

WHOwesolvetheproblemsforandWHY

• WHO

• applicationdevelopers(rapidprototyping)

• systemintegrators

• systemadminofeHealth

• APIframeworkmanagers

u WHY

u rapiddevelopmentsavescosts&time

u agility

u easyintegration

u hidecomplexity,Web-basedAPIs

9

keymessage– whoisyourtarget?

• Cisco(Jasper),IBM(Bluemix),GE(Predix)…

• IoTango,Trilogis etc.

• proposeareferenceframeworkforvalidationofhowtobreak-downacomplexproblemspaceintomore“palatable”“mouth-sized”chunks

up-frontinvestmentsandROIs

ISITWORTHIT?

OPPORTUNITIESARETREMENDOUS

WARNING!!!

THISISDAUNTINGIFYOUWANTTOEATITALL

ROICYCLELENSESMIGHTHELP

NEEDTOBREAKITDOWNINSMALLERCHUNKS

BUSINESSMINDSET

Thankyou!

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• Twitter:@giaffred