Tying theory and method

Principles of research

• Researcher should remain objective. It is important not to become too emotionally attached, or disclose personal information to participants

• Procedures should be standardized. Questions should be uniform.

• Participants should be interviewed individually and not influenced by others during the interview.

• Break into groups of 2 and use the Whitings model to come up with a question of study.

• Agree on it and write an interview protocol to learn more about your study.

Practice conducting the interview

• Find another group and conduct the interview.

My friend Cherry

Cherry’s experience

Pagtatanong-Tanong: An indigenous research method• 1. People are unaccustomed to being asked a series of

questions in sequence and responding in a regimented manner.• 2. People are uncomfortable discussing personal opinions or

behaviors with a stranger with whom there will be no future relationship

• 3. People are more comfortable speaking in a conversational manner in which each person discloses information and contributes to managing the process and content of the conversation

• 4. People may be uncomfortable alone with a stranger, particularly if that stranger is of a different gender or social status.

Amend your methods

• To fit the cultural context of the rural Philippines.

Pe-Pua (1989, 2006)

• Tentative outline of questions that are revised based on input from participants

• R and P share equally in the content and structure

• Relationship needs to exist so they know they will have contact in the future

• Starts interview with a group. Interuptions are not seen as a distraction but as an opportunity to check reliability of information.

Focus groups in Ovamboland

Participant Observation