1. Types of Camera/LightingShots in MediaThe types of camera shots, and lightingeffects commonly used in film or othermedia.

2. Distance/Long Shots Establishes the scene, or gives a wide overviewof the scene for more information than isotherwise available. Also used for cinematicpurposes Long Shots include a characteror important object, but havethem in a small part of the frameto create a sense of scale andawe in a sceneLOTR: Return of the King20032012, 2010.Distance shots just show theenvironment, with no specific thingsin focus, it gives more informationabout the scene and is thereforecommon as an establishing or 3. Angled Shots Establishes a sense of hierarchy amongstcharacters in the scene, can used to show poweror threat level.Low Angled Shot, Establishes thepower or dominance of thecharacter and gives them morepresence in the scene. Common inaction films, westerns, action-dramas.Dirty Harry, 1971Quantum of Solace, 2008High Angled Shots makes thecharacter look more vulnerableand in danger, or on the losingside of a discussion. Common inaction films, or dramas 4. Conversational Shots Types of shot that are used when 2 or morecharacters are conversing.Over-the-ShoulderUsed to show 2 characters conversing.Additional information can be shown duringthese scenes through body language anddistance in elevation, etcSeen in every film with dialogue.Scott Pilgrim vs. The World, 2010The Shining, 1980Close-up. Shows the facialexpressions and emotions of aspecific character. Can be usedin a threatening way, or in a wayto focus on a charactersdialogue.Common in romantic or dramas 5. Additional Camera Shots Some shots that do not fit into other sections, butare worth writing about,Titled CameraUsed to emphasise speed, danger,and action in a scene. Common inaction films or action-dramasFast & Furious, 2010Citizen Kane, 1941Extreme close up. Emphasises aspecific part of the charactersface, such as eyes or mouth, inorder to change the feel of thescene to a more emotional one.Common in romantic or dramasfilms 6. Chiaroscuro Lighting Chiaroscuro is characterised by harsh lightingthat creates an extreme contrast betweendifferent areas of the shot, such as a charactersface. Can be used with colour, but also can beused in black and white for a different feel.Common in horrors, dramas and any other typeof film where the atmosphere of the scene plays avital role. 7. 3-Point Fill Lighting 3 lights create a normal-looking scene with softshadows and average colours. Using a 3-lightsetup to provide normal lighting across an entireobject, the exact opposite of chiaroscuro. This isused in most normal scenes with any object infocus. 8. High Key lighting High key lighting uses harsh, bright lights toreduce contrast in a scene, giving the scene awhite-washed, clean look that does not have anyshadow inframe. 9. Backlighting Backlighting is when the scene is lit directly frombehind, usually by some form of natural light,where it used to create a silhouette. Can be usedfor a variety of effects but is most common inromantic films. 10. Rim-lighting Rimlighting is similar to a backlight, but thelighting is achieved by 2 artificial lights that arecommonly used to create an image with harsher,darker and sets a dark precedence rather thanthelighter tone of a romanticcomedy. 11. Natural Lighting Natural lighting can either be, as the namesuggests, natural light coming from the sun, but itcan also refer to a light source that has a lightyellow or white hue. Used in combination withother lighting effects(3-point fill) 12. Artificial lighting Artificial lighting is light that comes fromobviously, intentionally man-made light sources,such as light bulbs or fluorescent lights. Artificiallights often have a blue-grey hue, or a harshyellow-orange hue. Used in combination withother lighting effects (3-point fill)