By: Eva Sorrosal 4ºB

Types of Cells

What is a cell?

A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; cells may exist as independent units of life(as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals.

Who discovered the cell?

The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in the XVII century, with the help of his microscope.

Hooke’s miscroscope Robert Hooke

How we can see cells?

We can see cells trough a microscope. Last year we do a laboratory practise which consists of with a toothpick you have to rub it in your mouth to take a little bit of saliva. Later you rub the toothpick into a laboratory plate and you fix it with another plate. At the end you only have to adjust the microscope and see through it. You will see your saliva cells separating.

Types of cells

There are two different types of cells, eukaryotic cells(with nucleous) and procaryotic(without nucleous) cells.

Eukaryotic cells

Eukaryotic cells are those single-celled or mullticellular organism whose cells contain a distinct membrane-bound nucleous. Eukaryotic cells also contain many internal membrane-bound structures called organelles.These organelles such as the mitochondrion or chloroplast serve to perform metabolic functions and energy conversion.

Types of eukaryotic cells

There are two types of eukaryotic cells: animal cells and plant cells.

Animal cells Animal cells are typical of the eukaryotic cell,

enclosed by a plasma membrane and containing a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Unlike the eukaryotic cells of plants and fungi, animal cells do not have a cell wall. This feature was lost in the distant past by the single-celled organisms that gave rise to the kingdom Animalia. 

Plant cells A Plant Cell is any type of cell that comes from

an organism belonging to the Kingdom Plantae.A Plant Cell consists of Nucleus, Mitochondria, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Ribosomes,Golgi Apparatus, Cytoplasm, Microfilaments, Microtubules, Intermediate Filaments, Lysosomes, and other minor organelles.

Prokaryotic cells Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus are

called prokaryotes (from the Greek meaning before nuclei). These cells have few internal structures that are distinguishable under a microscope. Cells in the monera kingdom such as bacteria and cyanobacteria (also known as blue-green algae) are prokaryotes

Bacteria Are large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.

Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. Bacteria are present in most habitats on Earth, growing in soil, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, water, and deep in the Earth's crust, as well as in organic matter.

Differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cellscontains one circular chromosome which is not present in a membrane.

contains paired chromosomes in nuclear membranes.

 has peptidoglycan cell walls. has polysaccharide cell walls.

grows by binary fission. grows by mitotic spindle.

No cytoskeleton Always have cytoskeleton

Reproduction always asexual Reproduction sexual and asexual

No nucleous Always have nucleous

Where do I get the information?

I get the information from my last year biology notebook, from wikipedia, http://www.biologymad.com/resources/AS%20Cells.pdf and the images from Google images searching with the name of what I want to look.

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