types of rainfall - wordpress.com · 2013. 5. 6. · types of rainfall author: mcouture created...
TRANSCRIPT
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Rainfall
Convection
Relief / Orographic
Frontal / Cyclonic
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How do clouds form?
What is condensation?
How does air get cooled?
What causes precipitation?
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1. Warm air containing water vapour rises, cools and condenses into droplets that form clouds.
2. They eventually get too heavy and can no longer be suspended in the atmosphere.
3. The droplets fall back to the surface of the earth as rain.
Basic Principles of rain formation
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What causes air to rise
and move vertically
in the first place?
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Each method in
which air rises
forms a type of cloud
Each type of cloud is
associated with a
type of rainfall
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Convectional
• Air that rises
because it has
absorbed heat
from the earth’s
surface causes
convectional rain.
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Relief / Orographic
• Air that is forced to
rise over an area of
high elevation will
cause relief
(orographic) rain
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Cyclonic or Frontal
(Depressions)
• Air that rises because there is a cooler,
denser air mass flowing beneath it that
forces it upwards causes cyclonic
(frontal) rain.
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Uh, what are fronts?
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• Front: the boundary between contrasting masses of air
• 3 main types:
cold fronts
warm fronts
occluded fronts (Cold "catches up" with warm)
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Cold Front
• Cold air replaces warm air
• Steep frontal surface.
• Vertically developed, cumulus-type clouds.
• Heavy precipitation of short duration.
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Warm Fronts
• Warm air replaces cold air
• Gentle frontal surface.
• Layered, stratus-type clouds.
• Light precipitation of long duration along front
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Low Pressure System:
Depression
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Activity
• Model of a depression
• Description of a depression