ubiquitous computing technologies and their future potential dr. rahul banerjee birla institute of...

Ubiquitous Computing Technologies and their Future

Potential

Dr. Rahul BanerjeeBirla Institute of Technology & Science

Pilani, Rajasthan – 333 031, INDIAHome Page: http://www.bits-pilani.ac.in/~rahul/

Email: [email protected] / [email protected] 19 April 2023 1(c) Dr. Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, INDIA

Invited Lecture, ELITEX-2008, New Delhi, India Session organized by the C-DAC

January 18, 2008

Interaction Points• What is Pervasive / Ubiquitous Computing?• Introduction to Pervasive Computing Design Principles• Types of Technologies involved• Basic elements of a Pervasive Computing System• Examples of Pervasive Computing Technologies at work• What is being done at BITS-Pilani?

– The CS G 541 / SS G 531 / SS ZG 531: Pervasive Computing course– The “BITS-LifeGuard Project”– The “BITS Smart Campus System”– “Project Grid-One”– “Project NetFirst”

• Concluding remarksWednesday 19 April 2023 2(c) Dr. Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, INDIA

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What is Pervasive Computing or Ubiquitous Computing?

•Pervasive Computing is the study of a computing technology that pervades the users’ environment by making use of seamless connectivity of multiple independent information devices embedded in the environment of the users.

•This is done by:• Making use of multiple independent information devices (fixed or

mobile, homogeneous or heterogeneous)

• Interconnecting these devices seamlessly through wireless or wired computer communication networks

• Providing a class of computing / sensory / communication services to a class of users, preferably transparently and can provide personalized services while ensuring a fair degree of privacy / non-intrusiveness.

•Pervasive Computing is also called Ubiquitous Computing or Invisible Computing.

3(c) Dr. Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, IndiaWednesday 19 April 2023

Design Principles of Pervasive Computing Systems

• The pervasive computing system design should try to attain the goals of:– simplicity, – versatility and – Pleasurability while retaining cost-effectiveness, usage-safety and

transparency.

(c) Dr. Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, INDIAWednesday 19 April 2023 4

Self-Configuration & its Importance• In order too achieve the pervasive computing

system design goals the appliances and the networks comprising of these appliance nodes must be able to:

• automatically discover other » Devices,» Services and » Parameters

• In addition, they should be able to carry out unattended negotiation amongst themselves if needed.

(c) Dr. Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, INDIAWednesday 19 April 2023 5

Elements: Devices

• Devices: • Computing Nodes / Sensor-Compute Nodes

(miniature to large, single to multi-core)• Display devices (hard and soft surface display

devices)• Input devices (voice, video, touchpad, keypad etc.)• Storage devices (short-term to long-term, slow to

very fast) • Communication devices (wireless and wireline)

Wednesday 19 April 2023 6(c) Dr. Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, INDIA

Elements: Power-provisioning

• Power-provisioning: • Traditional (Thermal / Hydel / Gas / Atomic / Solar

/ Tidal / Wind etc.) power provisioning from the regular power systems

• Traditional battery based power systems • Miniature flexi-shape, flexible power systems• Self-powering systems like powered by walking,

respiration etc.


Elements: Communication Links

• Physical Links: • Fixed wireline links• Fixed wireless links• Mobile wireless links• Hybrid multi-links

• Logical / Virtual links


© Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, India, 2003-2006

Elements: Interfacing technologies

• Navigation technologies• Haptic interfacing technologies• On-screen / Touch-panel technologies• Voice interfacing technologies• Video-interfacing technologies• Handwriting-based interfacing technologies• Hybrid interfacing technologies

Elements: Services

• Services: • Publication services• Directory services• Discovery services• Authentication services• Computation services• Storage services• Translation services• Certification services• Context-aware services


Elements: Software

• Software elements: System / Application, Regular / Embedded

• Device drivers• Operating systems• Application software• Software-based service-oriented protocols and

architectures• File systems• Power-management modules• Regular / Specialized Languages and corresponding

Regular / Cross-compilation-based IDEs


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• Web-Wall • Ambient Displays• Awareness Displays• Architecture Annotation • Steerable Displays / Activity Displays• Wearable See-through Displays• Non-wearable See-through Still and Movie

Displays• Fog, Snow, Water and Ice-based Displays

(c) Dr. Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, India

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Source: (c) Alois Ferscha PERVASIVE 2006-7

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• Steerable Displays


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Possible Scenarios

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Some examples of existing Experimental Systems

• The NTU Digital Home• The GaTech Smart House• The IBM Pervasive and Autonomic Computing

Centre• The MIT Interactive Poster• The Stanford iRoom and iSpace• The INRIA AGV

(c) Dr. Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani© Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, India, 2003-2005 21

A Digital Home using UPnP Protocol

22(c) NTU

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IBM’s Pervasive Computing Devices

What is being done at BITS-Pilani?

• The CS G 541 / SS G 531 / SS ZG 531: Pervasive Computing course– Introduced in 2003, inspired by the “BITS LifeGuard”

initiative that began in 1999– Basically a Graduate level course but open to highly

motivated Undergraduate level students– Course web page:

http://discovery.bits-pilani.ac.in/rahul/PervasiveComputing/

– This course was featured , upon invitation in the July-Sept. 2005 issue of the IEEE Pervasive Computing



• The BITS-LifeGuard Project– Initiated in 1999– Aims at building transparent life-saving system for saving

human lives from slow-reflexes based road accidents– First formal presentation was made at the European

Commission’s NGNi Meeting at Brussels in 2001– Partial funding derived from the EC and MSR– Currently, co-working on complementary research issues

with Stanford University in USA and INRIA in France– Project website:

http://discovery.bits-pilani.ac.in/WearComp/– Currently, three PhD students are working on different

aspects of the problem



• The Project IPv6@BITS Project website: http://ipv6.bits-pilani.ac.in/

– Initiated in 1998, this was India’s first IPv6 based research, development and large-scale deployment project that brought many firsts to the country

• The Project Grid-One Project website: http://idisovery.bits-pilani.ac.in/GridOne/

– Initiated in 2003, focussed on building an IPv6-native support based research grid for collaborative health-grid

– Partially funded by Microsoft Research, Redmond



• The Project NetFirst Project website:

http://idisovery.bits-pilani.ac.in/iCampus/ – Initiated in 2005, focussed on building web-browser-driven real network

research laboratories located remotely– Started in collaboration with the MIT-Cambridge under the BITS-MIT

iCampus India initiative

• The Extended iSpace Project– Started in 2007, in collaboration with the Centre for Design Research and

CS Department of Stanford University– Focusses upon multi-platform distributed intelligent collaborative learning

spaces

• The BITS-SmartCampus Project– Initiated in 2007, focussed on providing location-discovery, security-

monitoring and emergency health servicesWednesday 19 April 2023 27(c) Dr. Rahul Banerjee, BITS-Pilani, INDIA

Concluding remarks• Ubiquitous / Pervasive Computing has come of age

even without our realizing it in quite a few cases• Major research, development and deployment

efforts have been undertaken the world over and India is already very much part of it

• Around the globe, quite a few research-driven graduate level and some undergraduate level courses are on offer

• E-learning technologies are beginning to benefit from the spin-offs of Pervasive Computing research


Any questions?

Thank you!


Home Page: http://www.bits-pilani.ac.in/~rahul/Email: [email protected] / [email protected]

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