Causes Effects Of Water Pollution EnvironmentalSciences Essay

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A recent newspaper candidate that: Resource degradation and depletion, biodiversity decline, climatechange increasingly complex and incredible. It is an overview about current situation of theenvironment. Every year, 14 billion pounds of sewage, sludge, and garbage are dumped into the worldoceans, 19 trillion gallons of waste also enter the water annually. In addition to the acute problems ofwater pollution in developing countries, developed countries continue to struggle with pollutionproblems as well. In the most recent national report on water quality in the United State, 45 percent ofassessed and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted. Thus, we must have good solution tosolve this problem because it is not only useful in one person, but also in human race. Therefore, thispaper with the purpose of helping us knowledge about water pollution will discuss the importancethings of this problem and give out good ideas to improve environment.

B. DISCUSS OF FINDINGS

I. The situation of water pollution in our daily life, especially in development countries.

Nowadays, water pollution is polluted more and more seriously. It is an increasingly alarming problem,running not only our drinking supplies, but training our food supplies as well. Water pollution can bedefined in several ways. It occurs when energy and other materials are released, degrading the qualityof the water for other users. It includes all of the waste materials that cannot be naturally broken downby water. In other words, anything that is added to the water, above and beyond it capacity to break itdown, is pollution. Pollution, in certain circumstances, can be caused by native itself, such as whenwater flows through soils with high activities. But more often that not, human actions are responsiblefor the pollutants that enter the water. The percentage of water polluted is increasing sharply. Forexample. In Hanoi ( Vietnam) only 5-7 percent of waste water treated before discharging to theenvironment, while about 500.000 cubic meters of waste water discharge directly to the rivers withoutany treatment. Another fact we can clearly seen that 30 percent of Irelands river are polluted withsewage or fertilizer or the King River is Australias most polluted rivers, suffering from a severe acidiccondition related to mining operations 1.000.000 marine mammals. 1 million sea birds and otheraquatic live are killed due to plastic waste in water and coastal area. This is the proof proving foractions of people in the world. We are destroying our life without having aware of this problem. If we donot prevent, we will face to dangerous.

II. Causes and effects of water pollution.

II.1 Causes of water pollution.

Sources of pollution maybe subdivided into point sources and non-point sources. Point sources aresources from which pollutants are released at one readily identifiable spot: a sewer outlet, a steel mill,a septic tank, and forth. Non-point sources are more diffuse, examples would include fertilizer runofffrom farm land, acid drainage from an abandoned strip mine, or runoff of sodium or calcium chloridefrom road salts.

On a worldwide basis, agriculture probably contributes more to water pollution than does any othersingle activity. In the United State, agriculture is estimated to be responsible for about two-thirds ofstream pollution. Agriculture runoff carries three main types of pollutants: fertilizer, brocades andanimal waste. Scientists have estimated that as many as one-third of the medium and large-size lakesin the United State have been affected by accelerated eutrophication. The Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United State reports that eutrophication has left 90 percent of the Black Sea withcritically low oxygen levels, causing a precipitous decline in the total fish catch. The Baltic sea, too, hasslow increasing symptoms of the eutrophication in the last 20 years, the global blooms are thought tobe at least partially responsible for declining fish catches. The herbicides and pesticides used inagriculture are an other sources of the chemical pollution of water bodies. Runoff from farms wheresuch biocides have been applied contaminates both ground and surface waters. Biocide contaminationof groundwater exist in at least 34 states. Surveys in Minnesota and Iowa, for example, indicate that30-60 percent of private wells may be tainted by runoff from farm herbicides and pesticides. A finalagriculture source of chemical pollution is animal wastes, especially in countries where animals areraised intensively. It is estimated that animal wastes in the United State total about 15 billion tons peryear, with feedlots generating about haft of the total. If not treated properly, the manure pollutes bothsoil and water with infectious agents and excess nutrients.

Agriculture is only one of the human activities that contribute to water pollution. Others sources areindustry, mining, municipalities and residences. For many years, chemical were dumped into bodies ofwater without concern. It makes water be more opaque and dirty. Thus, our life also becomeuncomfortable and inconvenient.

II.2. Effects of water pollution

The effects of water pollution are varied and depend on what chemicals are dumped and in whatlocation. The main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that inhabits water based onecosystems. Dead fish, dolphin, birds and many other animals often wind up on beaches, killed bypollution in their habitat.

In India, water pollution due to industrial wastes and sewage has been assuming menacing proportion.Large lakes and large stretches of most of the river in India have water which is unsafe for drinkingpurposes. Surveys of industrialized zones show that even ground water has become unfit for drinkingdue to high concentration of toxic metals and chemicals along with bacteriological contamination.Sewage is also another good example of how pollution can affect us all. Sewage discharged intocoastal water can wash up on beaches and cause a health hazard. People who bathe or swim in watercan fall ill if they swallow polluted water. Sewage can have other harmful effects too. It can poisonshellfish (such as cookies and mussels) that grow near the shore. People who eat poisoned shellfishrisk sufferings from an acute and sometimes fatal illness.

Pollution matter because it harms the environment on which people depend. The environment is notsomething distant and separate from our lives. It is not a pretty shoreline hundreds of miles from outhome or a wilderness landscape that we see on TV. The environment is everything that surrounds usthat gives us life and health. Destroying the environment ultimately reduces the quality of our own livesand that, most selfishly is why pollution should matter to all of us.

II.3 The solution for water pollution in over the world.

Dealing with water solution is something that everyone (including governments and local councils)need to get involved with. Making people aware of the problem is the first step to solving it. In the early1990s, when suffers in Britain grew tired of catching illness from water pollution with sewage, theyformed a group called Surfers Against Sewage to force government and water companies to clean uptheir activity. Besides, we must have clearly rules to prevent group or personal from discharging wasterubbish into the rivers, lakes, ponds, seas, By carrying out these advices with a good attitude, wecan take world away from polluting and we will have a better life.

C. Conclusion

From all the findings above, it is clear that water pollution is still a really huge problem. It hasdeveloped greatly over the year. There are many factors leading to this situation. However, we can dosome works to help our environment, which was polluted seriously. We can do some works to help our

environment, which was polluted seriously. We can take individual action like using environmentallyfriendly detergents, not pouring oil down drains, reducing pesticides, and so on. We can takecommunity action, too, by helping out on beach cleans or litter picks to keep our rivers and seas thatlittle bit cleaner. And we can take action as countries and continents to pass laws that will makepollution harder and the world less polluted. Working together, we can make pollution less of aproblem, and the world will be a better place.

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