Understanding Youth Transitions to the Labor market

Elif Keskiner, TIES, IMES

Understanding youth transitions today?

• PathwaysUnskilled jobs> transition in masses

• TrajectoriesInstitutional structures > vocational vs. academic transitions

Youth Transitions in ’70s, ’80s, ’90s…

TIES Survey(Parents with Turkish B.)

Still in Education38% (N=192)

Finished with Education 62% (N=308)

Lower Sec.12% (23)

Middle Vocational40% (77)

Higher Vocational32% (63)

University15% (29)

Work and Study49% (94)

Apprentice12%(24)

Full time Student with no job39% (74)

TIES Survey(Comparison Group)

Still in Education33% (N=168)

Finished with Education 67% (N=344)

Lower Sec.8%

Middle Vocational14%

Higher Vocational30%

University48%

Work and Study64%

Apprentice7%

Full time Student with no job

29%

Still in Education38% (N=192)

V80% : 18-24 AG20% : 25-35 AG

Work and Study49%

Apprentice13%

Full time Student with no job

39% University

Higher Vocational

Middle Vocational

Lower Sec.

38%

3%

59%

43.5%

13%

43.5

%

39%

18%

43%

58.7%9.5%

31.7%

Work and Study & Apprenticeship

Wholesale (16%)Tourism (10%)Finance (15%)

55% (below their level)36% ( in their level)

32% Via friends12% Open Application

8% Job Agency

Private Company(74%)Governmental Org. (19%)

Non-profit (5%)25% Fixed-Contract

43% Temporary ContractOthers

72% part-time28% full-time

75% NO25% yes!

Understanding Youth Transitions today?

• No more linear transitions or standard students >

Combination of work & study > new experiences

Complex> flexible > diverse transitions• Role of part-time jobs in understanding of work &

experience • Extended transitions: when do they start and when

do they end?

Work and Study & Apprenticeship(Parents with Turkish Origin vs. Comparison Group)

Wholesale (16%)Tourism (10%)Finance (15%)

55% (below their level)36% ( in their level)

32% Via friends12% Open Application

8% Job Agency

Private Company(74%)Governmental Org. (19%)

Non-profit (5%)

25% Fixed-Contract43% Temporary Contract

72% part-time28% full-time 75% NO

25% yes!

Private Company(55%)Governmental Org. (38%)

Non-profit (7%)

25% Fixed-Contract43% Temporary Contract

Wholesale (11%)Tourism (10%)

Health & Social Work (15%)

39% (below their level)59% ( in their level)

25% Via friends17.5% Open Application

6% Job Agency

58% part-time41% full-time

77% NO23% yes!

Work and Study & Apprenticeship(comparison group)

Lower Sec.32% Middle Voc.39% Higher Voc.18% University

Wholesale (11%)Tourism (10%)

Health & Social Work (15%)

39% (below their level)59% ( in their level)

25% Via friends17.5% Open Application

6% Job Agency

Private Company(55%)Governmental Org. (38%)

Non-profit (7%)

25% Fixed-Contract43% Temporary Contract

57% part-time40% full-time

75% NO25% yes!