unicef cooperation in india dr.s.k. chaturvedi unicef
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UNICEF COOPERATION IN INDIA
DR.S.K. CHATURVEDIUNICEF
OVERVIEW
INDIA TODAY: Situation of Children and Women
UNICEF IN INDIA: Overview of the Government of India – UNICEF Country Programme 2003-2007
Selected key results of programme interventions
INDIA - 2001
POPULATION1027 million
CHILDREN 0-14350 million (34%)
CHILDREN 0-6158 million (15%)
Administrative Units
No. Population Range (Lowest-Highest)
States 35 60,000 – 166,000,000 Districts 593 31,000 – 9,638,000 Sub-Districts 5445 275 – 8,587,000
Source: Census, 2001
C iv il S oc iety/S tate
N atural Resource Base & Environment
Effi c ient resource use & contro lN atural /H um an / Economic /O rganization Resources
Education / Inform ation & C omm unication/ Learning / L ife skills
H ouseho ld S ecurities(eg Food,W ater,S helter)
Empow ered C omm unity &C hange fac ilitators
A ccess to quality S erv ices(H ealth, C DN , W ES )
C A R EH om e H ealth P rac tices
H om e H ygiene P rac ticesInfant and Y oung C hild Feeding
P sychosoc ial C are, & Early learningC are for G irls and W om en
W ell nourished and healthy child S ecure & A c tive Learner
Fulfi llment children to surv ive grow and develop to theiro f the R ights o f all fu ll potential w ithout disc rimination
Bas icC ondit ions
U nderly ingC ondit ions
Im mediateC ondit ions
Institutionsand G overnance
P olitical, Econom ic & S oc ialS truc tures & S ystems
H ouseho ld/C omm unity
Family
C hild
O utcom e
THE OVERALL PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES ARE TO...
Empower families & communities with appropriate knowledge & skills for the better care and protection of children.
Expand partnerships in order to promote concerted collective action for children.
Improve knowledge base on children that informs policy, supports programme formulation, improves monitoring and influences public discourse in civil society.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
Death
s p
er
1,0
00
liv
e b
irth
sSLOWER PROGRESS IN . . .
There was good progress in infant mortality reduction during the 1980s ...
… but progress has slowed since 1993.
… reducing infant mortality
Source: SRS
64
Target :
45 by 2007
55
REPRODUCTIVE & CHILD HEALTH: Border District Cluster Strategy
Border Cluster Districts: 50 districts; >85 million people targeted, including 13 million U5s
Udhampur
ChambaKangraGurdaspur
Hosiarpur
Rooper
Morena
Guna
Jhansi
Banda
ChitrakootPurulia
Maurbhanj
Nizamabad
Bidar
Bijapur
Vellore
Rewari Gurgoan
Dholpur
ShivpuriBaran
Jalan LalitpurTikamgarh
Hamirpur
Mahoba
W.Singhbhum E.Singhbhum
Ranchi
Bankura
MedinipurKeonjhar BalasoreNanded
Latur
Osmanabad
Adilbad
Medak
Gulbarga
Raichur
Chittoor
Thiruvellore
TeniMallapuram
Tdluki
Border Cluster Districts: 50 districts; >85 million people targeted, including 13 million U5s
•Immunization services
•Antenatal care & prevention/management of low birth weight
•Community-IMCI (IMCI India)
•Essential/Emergency Obstetric Care and PMTCT
•Targeted Vitamin A and iron supplementation
•Community based child care
REPRODUCTIVE & CHILD HEALTH: Key selected results Maintained high polio immunization coverage. There are fewer cases
of wild polio virus this year than ever before.
Steady progress in strengthening routine immunization coverage, consolidation and expansion of injection safety through procurement and supply of auto-destructible syringes.
72 health facilities now offer improved quality emergency obstetric care in targeted districts in two states.
Integration and convergence of health and nutrition services in the 50 BDCS districts.
Improved management of health services in the BDCS districts through the revitalisation of the sub-centre level of care
Blood storage units established in first referral units in targeted districts.
CHILD DEVELOPMENT & NUTRITION: Selected key results Vitamin A distribution now part of routine immunization in 14/15
UNICEF supported states, more than 50 million doses provided.
In 4 districts in one state, mothers feeding babies colostrum increased from 23 – 62% (1999- 2003); underweight among under-three’s is at 41%, compared to state-wide norm of 54%.
“Positive Deviance” project in 95 villages in West Bengal led to elimination of severe malnutrition in these villages. Project expanded to larger scale.
Important new law on infant feeding enacted.
Programmes to combat anaemia among adolescent girls supported in 11 states. In 2 states, all girls receive supplements.
CHILD’S ENVIRONMENT: Selected key results Rural water and sanitation reforms accelerated– the Total Sanitation
Campaign sanctioned for 350 districts.
In one state in just one year, 1 million household toilets installed.
20 water quality testing labs established and equipped in one state where arsenic has been found in water supply. An effective home filter for arsenic developed.
Thousands of families are now using home fluoride removal filters with very positive results in two states.
District plans for school sanitation are now being operationalized.
Drought-proofing in 15 districts in one state completed.
EDUCATION: Selected key results Organised “back-to-school campaign” at the beginning of the school year –
attained near universal enrolment in select states.
Identified 14000 schools across 14 states to demonstrate what constitutes “quality learning”:
Developed and provided gender-sensitive teaching learning materials for primary classrooms.
Child-centred and interactive teaching methods developed for single teacher schools and a core group of (25) teacher-trainers have been trained in each state.
Creation of reading corners in every classroom and provision of creative reading material short stories, rhymes, songs etc.
Improved school environment through “school sanitation and hygiene” campaign with community support.
Alternative learning opportunities created through - bridge courses, residential camps, alternative learning centres – for out-of school girls, especially those belonging to socially and economically marginal groups in 4 states.
HIV/AIDS: Selected key results More than 300 PPTCT teams from Medical Colleges in
state and districts hospitals have been trained.
Coverage of PPTCT services increased.
60% of women who access PPTCT services accept voluntary counseling and testing. 90% of those who are HIV-positive and deliver at an institution take ARV.
National guidelines for in – school prevention education have been finalized, along with supporting communication tools.
CHILD PROTECTION: Selected key results
State policies on child labor elimination were influenced by UNICEF-supported learning in action interventions in three states.
Breakthrough on policy focus on child trafficking: prevention rather than rescue.
Knowledge base on trafficking (in particular for commercial sexual exploitation of children) has been established.
In the carpet belt, efforts to eliminate child labor expanded to three districts (1.6 million people,650 villages).
Pilot projects on child labor elimination was supported in hybrid cotton seed production and migrant labor – affecting roughly 4,000 children.