unit #1: birth of a nation domestic issues facing the new nation
TRANSCRIPT
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Unit #1: Birth of a Nation
Domestic Issues Facing the New Nation
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Manifest Destiny The belief that the U.S. was “ordained” to
expand to the Pacific Including Mexican & Native American territories
Many Americans believed it was their destiny to “manifest” and conquer west
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Slavery in New States Slavery was a hot issue when adding new states to
the Union Admitting Missouri as a slave state would disrupt the
balance of power between free states (North) & slave states (South)
So… Maine was added as a free state & Missouri was added as a slave state in 1820
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Missouri Compromise (1820) All states added to the Union in the Louisiana
Territory after 1820 and were located north of Missouri would be added as free states
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Removing the Indians Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, &
Seminoles made up the 5 major tribes in the South Pres. Andrew Jackson passed the Indian Removal Act
(1830) Granted him funds & authority to remove all Native
Americans by force if necessary Southern states began active campaigns to forcibly remove
(push west) all Native Americans
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Trail of Tears 1820’s: Cherokee tribe was quite assimilated to U.S.
culture Supreme Court deemed them a “domestic dependent
nation” providing federal protection from the state of Georgia
Jackson ignored that ruling & bought their land From 1835-1838, 16,000 Cherokee migrated to land
west of the Mississippi River… some 3,000 of them died along this “trail”
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Westward Expansion (summary)
1803: Louisiana Purchase; doubled territory 1845: Annexation of Texas 1846: Oregon Country 1848: Mexican Cession 1853: Gadsden Purchase; southern AZ & NM 1867: Alaska 1898: Hawaii
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Slavery & Abolition
1820s: Abolition Movement was underway
William Lloyd Garrison (1828) Called for immediate emancipation
Frederick Douglass (African-American) Started anti-slavery newspaper The North Star
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Turner’s Rebellion August 1831: Nat Turner (slave) organized attack on
4 plantations in Virginia Was successful in killing 60 whites
Turner & others were later captured and executed
Symbolic of one of the first successful slave revolts
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Women & Reform Women began to have more of a voice in society Fought for various reforms:
Temperance movement (prohibition of alcohol) Higher education for women Women’s health Abolition of slavery (1840: Anti-Slavery Convention) Women’s suffrage (1848: Seneca Falls Convention)
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Sectionalism As the Union expanded and developed, free states
(north) and slave states (south) became increasingly divided
Sectional divisions developed between North & South Economy – tariffs Slavery – expansion or abolition