Unit 4 Jeopardy

Discovery of the Atom and its parts.

Democritus

• Who invented the term atomos/ atom?

Dalton

• Who came up with the atomic theory which incorporated the Law of Multiple Proportions, the Law of Definite Proportions, and Democritus’ atom?

The person who came up with Modern atomic theory: 1. The atom is made of small indivisible pieces called

atoms. 2. Each element is made of atoms which are identical.3. Each element is different from all other elements. 4. The elements can combine in small whole number

ratios.

J.J. Thompson

• Who used a cathode ray tubes in his experiments.

1. Who discovered the existance of small negatively charged particles which he called electrons.

1. These electrons proved that the ATOM WAS NOT INDIVISIBLE.

2. All elements gave off these negatively charged particles, proving that all atoms have electrons.

• Who showed that atoms have protons, electrons, and isotopes using his cathode ray tube experiments.

Ernest Rutherford

• Who used a gold foil in his experiments.1. Who discovered the existance of a small

positively charged core in atoms.1. The nucleus atom was developed as a result.

Neils Bohr

• Who discovered that each element has a distinct line spectrum (like a fingerprint).

1. He developed the planetary model of the atom, arguing that the electrons orbited the nucleus, like the planets orbit the sun.

2. The line spectrum represent the transition from higher energy to lower energy when an electron has been excited.

Schrödinger

• Who came up with the mathematical model of the electrons in the atom called quantum mechanics.

1. Who calculated the probability functions which describe the “orbitals” in an atom.

s,p,d,f

• What are the four shapes which describe the shapes of the orbitals?

Holds only two electrons in the fourth energy level

• What is a 4s orbital?

Holds only two electrons in the sixth energy level

• What is a 6s orbital?

Holds only six electrons in the fourth energy level

• What is a 4p orbital?

Holds only ten electrons in the fourth energy level

• What is a 4d orbital?

Holds a maximum of 14 electrons in the fourth energy level

• What is a 4f orbital?

There are seven orbitals in this sublevel.

• What is an f orbital?

There are three orbitals in this sublevel.

• What is an p orbital?

There are five orbitals in this sublevel.

• What is an d orbital?

There is only one orbital in this sublevel.

• What is an s orbital?

1s1.

• What is the electron configuration for hydrogen?

1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s1.

• What is the electron configuration for Cesium (Cs)?

[Kr]6s1.

• What is the shorthand electron configuration for Cesium (Cs)?

[Kr]6s24f145d4.

• What is the shorthand electron configuration for Tungsten (W)?

– Tungsten is used for the filament of light bulbs.

• What is (84 – 36 =) 48 neutrons?

Kr8436 has 36 protons,

and 84 nuclear particlesbut how manyneutrons?

• What is (84 – 36 =) 48 neutrons?

• What is the same number of protons and electrons (36)?

Kr8436 has 36 protons,

and 84 nuclear particlesbut how manyneutrons and electrons?

• What is an s orbital

picture from Prentice Hall publishers

• What are p orbitals

picture adapted from Prentice Hall publishers

• What is an the orbital method of electron configuration?

picture from Prentice Hall publishers

• What causes the electrons to give off more than one color in an excited atom?

picture from Prentice Hall publishers

• What is a memory device to remember the order of filling of electrons in the electron configuration?

picture from Prentice Hall publishers

• How does the principal quantum number explain where it is possible to find electrons?

picture from Prentice Hall publishers

• How is energy (hد) emitted from a spectrum tube (or during a flame test)?

• What parts of the electron configuration of germanium are available for chemical reactions?

• What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

• What parts of the chlorine atom are available for chemical reactions?